Mn42Al50-xFe8+x合金的磁性和磁热效应

研究了Mn₄₂Al_50-xFe_8+x合金的结构、磁性和磁热效应. 通过成分调节, 居里温度T_C在室温附近一宽温区连续可调, 分别为270 K (Mn₄₂Al₄₂Fe₁₆), 341 K (Mn₄₂Al₄₀Fe₁₈)和370 K(Mn₄₂Al₃₈Fe₂₀). 磁化强度在相变温度处发生一陡降, 热磁曲线和等温磁化曲线均未观察到热和磁的滞后, 表明发生一可逆的二级相变. 在各自居里温度附近, 0-5 T的外磁场变化下磁熵变峰值分别为2.48, 2.52和2.40 J·kg^-1·K^-1. Mn_50-xAl_50-yFe_x+y合金的磁熵变峰值虽然与许多优良的磁制冷材料相比并不大, 但是制备该化合物的原材料价格非常低廉, 制备工艺简单, 加工成型也较容易, 化合物本身耐腐蚀性、延展性较好, 且在居里温度附近发生的是可逆的二级相变, 无晶格或结构的变化, 有利于制冷剂的多次循环使用. 关键词： 磁性 磁热效应 二级相变     

关于二级相变中热力学物理量突变的分析与自旋链模拟

理论上对二级相变中热容、体膨胀系数、等温压缩系数三个热力学物理量的变化进行了分析,进而使用自旋链模型的基态能量和von Neumann熵随模型参数变化的突变行为对二级相变中这三个物理量的变化所引起的系统序变进行模拟,得到二级相变中热容、体膨胀系数、等温压缩系数的变化是由于系统内部微观上发生关联序变的结果。     

D_(4h)~9空间群Γ点的相变群论分析

本文用朗道二级相变理论,给出了D_(4h)~9空间群Γ点的所有可能的二级相变方向.     

理想Ⅱ类超导体在Hc1相变曲线上的体积效应

本文以理想Ⅱ类超导磁化曲线方程为基础,应用典型热力学方法对理想Ⅱ类超导体在Hc1相变曲线上的体积效应进行讨论。经过热力学唯象理讨论,揭示了理想Ⅱ类超导体在Hc1相变曲线上的相变体积效应的二级相变特性。     

自催化反应的临床界现象

提出一种自催化反应模式，证明在非平衡系统中存在类一组与类二级相变之间的转变点，它也代表一种连续相变，并类似于Ｌａｎｄａｕ在他的二级相变理论中所预见的“第二类相变的临界点”。同时指出与后者的区别，例如，两者的临界指数有不同的配置。     

理想Ⅱ类超导体在相变点的体积效应

本文以超导热力的唯象理论为基础,应用Abrikosov的高场磁通点阵周期场结果,对理想Ⅱ类超导体在Hc2相变点的体积效应进行讨论,经过典型的热力学唯象理论讨论。揭示了理想Ⅱ类超导体在Hc2相变点的相变体积效应的二级相变特征。     

二级相变理论和Lifshitz条件不成立的论证

系统的自由能是序参量的泛函。在二级相变点附近,自由能密度是序参量及其关联项的幂次展式。按本文给定的方法,无论关联项是定域还是非定域的,由对自由能的一级变分等于零,都能求得表示平衡态位形的序参量。在求解过程,必须将序参量进行傅氏变换,这与序参量以系统对称群的基函数展开是一致的,由此对二级相变中对称改变进行了分析。利用变分法中极值的充要条件(或充分条件),我们讨论了二级相变过程中状态的稳定性条件。由于我们对自由能求极值时没有略去关联项,因此不存在Lifshitz的对称改变限制条件。这里强调指出:实质上,Lif     

O_h~3空间群M点二级结构相变方向的群论分析

本文从朗道二级相变理论出发,讨论了A-15结构化合物的M点相变模型,并得到了二级结构相变的相交方向。     

O_h~3-P_m3n群Γ点二级结构相变的方向

本文用朗道二级相变理论,对O_h~3群的Γ点,得到了最有利的二级结构相变方向是     

双模随机交错晶场中最近邻弱交换相互作用对重入现象的影响

利用有效场理论研究了双模随机交错晶场中混合自旋 Blume-Capel 模型纳米管系统的重入现象, 发现了系统的重入现象与晶场取值概率、 晶场强度和外壳层与内壳层格点间最近邻交换相互作用的关系. 结果表明: 取值概率、 交换相互作用、 晶场强度和温度等诸多因素相互竞争, 使系统表现出丰富的磁化现象: 正( 负) 晶场较弱时, 系统只发生二级相变; 随着正( 负) 晶场增强, 系统的二级相变消失, 呈现一级相变; 一定条件下, 系统会出现重入现象.     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

干涉仪系统传递函数测量及影响因素的分析

波前功率谱密度(PSD)被用于评价惯性约束聚变(ICF)激光驱动器光学元件中频段的波前误差。干涉仪对PSD较高空间频率分量的测量存在失真效应,可通过干涉仪系统传递函数(STF)的检测标定来获得真实的波前PSD分布。采用台阶板位相比较法测得大口径菲索相移干涉仪检测系统在透射和反射检测情形下的传递函数。对传递函数测试算法进行了比较分析,明确了干涉仪系统zoom倍率的改变等因素对传递函数测量的影响,为波前PSD的准确检测奠定了基础。     

From the Solution of the Tsarev System to the Solution of the Whitham Equations

We study the Cauchy problem for the Whitham modulation equations for increasing smooth initial data. The Whitham equations are a collection of one-dimensional quasi-linear hyperbolic systems. This collection of systems is enumerated by the genus g=0,1,2, ... of the corresponding hyperelliptic Riemann surface. Each of these systems can be integrated by the so-called hodograph transformation introduced by Tsarev. A key step in the integration process is the solution of the Tsarev linear overdetermined system. For each g>0, we construct the unique solution of the Tsarev system, which matches the genus g+1 and g–1 solutions on the transition boundaries.     

On the Problem of the Amenability of the Gauge Group

Let G be one of the local gauge groups C(X, U(n)),C (X, U(n)), C(X, SU(n)) or C (X, SU(n)) where X is a compact Riemannian manifold. We observe that G has a nontrivial group topology, coarser than its natural topology, w.r.t. which it is amenable, viz. the relative weak topology of C(X, M(n)). This topology seems more useful than other known amenable topologies for G. We construct a simple fermionic model containing an action of G, continuous w.r.t. this amenable topology.     

On the stability of the equilibria of the Rikitake system

In this note we present an analytical study of the stability of the equilibria of the Rikitake system. We prove that the two non-hyperbolic equilibria of the Rikitake system are unstable for all positive values of the parameters.     

Testing the mechanism for the LSP stability at the LHC

The lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is a natural candidate for the cold dark matter of the universe. In this Letter we discuss how to test the mechanism responsible for the LSP stability at the LHC. We note that if R-parity is conserved dynamically one should expect a Higgs boson which decays mainly into two right-handed neutrinos (a “leptonic” Higgs) or into two sfermions. The first case could exhibit spectacular lepton number violating signals with four secondary vertices due to the long-lived nature of right-handed neutrinos. These signals, together with the standard channels for the discovery of SUSY, could help to establish the underlying theory at the TeV scale.     

地球的扁率对卫星运动的影响

指导出地球引力场的势能,分析了卫星的椭圆轨道旋进的现象。