闪光照相图像缺陷消除方法

介绍了一种检测闪光照相图像缺陷以及消除这些缺陷的方法。在闪光照相实验中,底片图像会出现一些小尺寸的缺陷影响了底片信息的精确提取。根据闪光照相实验中采用完全一样的多张底片接收的特点,提出了一种闪光照相多底片图像的缺陷消除方法。首先对这些底片图像进行精确配准,将这些图像进行简单平均以获得均值图像,利用均值图像与各底片图像的差值获得缺陷图像,然后根据缺陷图像的特点对缺陷进行分割并判断各缺陷的归属。最后根据均值图像与缺陷图像以及缺陷分割与判断结果获得修补后的底片图像。实验结果证明该方法可以有效地消除多底片图像中的各类缺陷。     

基于贝叶斯准则的闪光照相图像重建

 针对闪光照相图像低信噪比的特点,研究了一种带约束的贝叶斯图像重建算法,较好地抑制了噪声对重建结果的影响,同时对细节信号具有较高的保持能力。该算法以贝叶斯重建为基础,在重建过程中考虑了闪光照相图像的受模糊影响比较严重的特点,引入了重建结果具有平滑性的先验信息进行约束,以提高重建结果的信噪比。通过在迭代过程中对重建结果进行平滑性约束以提高重建质量。数值模拟结果表明,该方法在闪光照相图像重建中具有较好的抗噪能力和边界保持能力。     

基于贝叶斯准则的闪光照相图像重建

针对闪光照相图像低信噪比的特点,研究了一种带约束的贝叶斯图像重建算法,较好地抑制了噪声对重建结果的影响,同时对细节信号具有较高的保持能力。该算法以贝叶斯重建为基础,在重建过程中考虑了闪光照相图像的受模糊影响比较严重的特点,引入了重建结果具有平滑性的先验信息进行约束,以提高重建结果的信噪比。通过在迭代过程中对重建结果进行平滑性约束以提高重建质量。数值模拟结果表明,该方法在闪光照相图像重建中具有较好的抗噪能力和边界保持能力。     

基于神经网络的闪光照相网栅图像修补

提出了一种基于径向基函数（RBF）神经网络的闪光照相网栅图像修补算法,该方法采用滑动窗口方法将待修补的网栅图像分为若干子块,然后在每个子图像内分别引入RBF神经网络,将栅孔内图像作为已知数据计算RBF网络参数,并以此对每个子图像进行修补,数值试验表明,该算法能较好地再现图像边缘信息,修复的图像在信噪比和视觉方面都优于线性插值和样条插值的结果。     

基于自适应准则的闪光照相图像重建

针对闪光照相图像低信噪比的特点,提出了一种自适应的图像重建算法。该算法以代数法(ART)迭代重建为基础,在迭代重建过程中引入了两个权重矩阵,其中一个矩阵用来控制重建过程中的高频分量以保持重建结果的边界;另一个矩阵控制重建结果的平坦区域以提高重建结果的信噪比。通过在迭代过程中更新这两个矩阵来实现图像的自适应重建。数值模拟结果表明,相对于传统的单准则ART重建算法,该方法具有更好的抗噪能力和边界保持能力。     

基于神经网络的闪光照相网栅图像修补

提出了一种基于径向基函数（RBF）神经网络的闪光照相网栅图像修补算法,该方法采用滑动窗口方法将待修补的网栅图像分为若干子块,然后在每个子图像内分别引入RBF神经网络,将栅孔内图像作为已知数据计算RBF网络参数,并以此对每个子图像进行修补,数值试验表明,该算法能较好地再现图像边缘信息,修复的图像在信噪比和视觉方面都优于线性插值和样条插值的结果。     

基于自适应准则的闪光照相图像重建

 针对闪光照相图像低信噪比的特点,提出了一种自适应的图像重建算法。该算法以代数法(ART)迭代重建为基础,在迭代重建过程中引入了两个权重矩阵,其中一个矩阵用来控制重建过程中的高频分量以保持重建结果的边界;另一个矩阵控制重建结果的平坦区域以提高重建结果的信噪比。通过在迭代过程中更新这两个矩阵来实现图像的自适应重建。数值模拟结果表明,相对于传统的单准则ART重建算法,该方法具有更好的抗噪能力和边界保持能力。     

基于偏微分方程的闪光照相图像修补算法

针对闪光照相底片图像可能含有缺陷的问题,提出了一种基于偏微分方程的闪光照相图像修补算法,该算法在曲率驱动扩散(CDD)方法的基础上,引入变系数的p-Laplace算子,并将其与BSCB方法交替进行修补。该算法能兼顾水平线的梯度方向和切线方向的修补信息,符合人眼的“连通性准则”,并能有效修补面积较大的破损区域。与CDD修补算法相比,该算法能快速收敛,具有更好的修补效果。     

基于偏微分方程的闪光照相图像修补算法

针对闪光照相底片图像可能含有缺陷的问题,提出了一种基于偏微分方程的闪光照相图像修补算法,该算法在曲率驱动扩散(CDD)方法的基础上,引入变系数的p-Laplace算子,并将其与BSCB方法交替进行修补。该算法能兼顾水平线的梯度方向和切线方向的修补信息,符合人眼的"连通性准则",并能有效修补面积较大的破损区域。与CDD修补算法相比,该算法能快速收敛,具有更好的修补效果。     

高能闪光照相光源位置测量

介绍了一种高能闪光照相系统的光源位置重复性测量方法。相同客体不同次实验图像的位置可以反映闪光照相系统的光源位置重复性。首先从球形客体实验图像中检测出客体的钨飞层外界面,然后利用界面数据拟合得到对应的圆心位置。多次照相图像圆心位置的重复性反映了光源位置的重复性。实验测量了闪光照相系统的光源位置重复性,实验结果表明,某闪光照相系统光源位置的重复性好于0.1 mm。     

Evaluation of yarn defects by image processing technique

Yarn defect evaluation, since they can drastically deteriorate the quality of the product, is one of the most important problems in textile industry. In this work, the yarn defects are evaluated by image processing technique. Initially, images were taken by scanner, later the obtained images were modified by using several filters. Then, the yarn defects were identified base on their geometric shape and surface area. As the results show, image processing methods is excellently reliable in evaluating number and type of yarn defects.     

质子照相磁透镜的优化设计

 对质子照相系统中Zumbro磁透镜的参数进行了优化,使成像系统造成的图像模糊最小化,结果表明:构成Zumbro磁透镜的四极透镜对内外漂移段长度相等时,成像系统获得最小的图像模糊。对成像系统的视场进行了分析,表明视场对Zumbro透镜的参数不敏感。给出了质子能量为20 GeV时Zumbro透镜的参数,Geant4蒙特卡罗计算表明:所给的Zumbro透镜参数能正确成像。     

XUV成像系统中像传递函数研究用的Si刻蚀膜

 研制具有网格或条状图形的Si刻蚀膜靶，用于XUV系统中像传递函数的研究。在自截止腐蚀工艺制备Si平面薄膜的基础上，结合离子束刻蚀工艺，获得刻蚀深度为1.0 μm左右，网格尺寸为25 μm×25 μm，或条状线宽为5 μm的Si刻蚀膜；测量了Si刻蚀膜的形貌和刻蚀深度；研究了离子束刻蚀参数对图形形貌的影响。并介绍采用两种靶型获得的像传递函数信息。     

Radiation induced defects in SiO 2

The main luminescent centers in SiO 2 films are the red luminescence R (650 v nm; 1.85 v eV) of the non-bridging oxygen hole center (NBOHC) and the twofold-coordinated (divalent) silicon with a blue B (460 v nm; 2.7 v eV) and a UV band (285 v nm; 4.4 v eV). Especially the latter ones are produced under irradiation, but from existing precursors assumed as silicon related oxygen deficient centers (SiODC). Therefore, in order to prove these models we compare a direct oxygen implantation with a direct silicon implantation into SiO 2 layers. The main result is: implanting oxygen increases the red band R but does not affect the blue band B. Silicon surplus increases the amplitude of the blue (B) luminescence, but reduces the amplitude of the red (R) one. Studying the cathodoluminescence dose dependence of these blue and red bands we have established defect transformation kinetics in SiO 2 including six main defects and precursors as well as the mobile oxygen as the main transmitter between precursors and the radiation induced defects. The kinetics is described by eight rate equations which predict the dose dependence of the red (R) and blue (B) luminescence intensities and their temperature dependences very well.     

Properties of defect modes in one-dimensional photonic crystals containing two nonlinear defects

Transmission properties of one-dimensional photonic crystal with two nonlinear defects were investigated based on the nonlinear transfer matrix method. From the inspection of the optical bistabilities around different defect modes, it was found that the threshold of bistability for the bonding mode is always lower than that for the anti-bonding mode. When intensity of the incident wave increases bistability could happen at any wavelength larger than the resonance wavelength of the linear anti-bonding mode in the gap. The threshold of bistability increases initially with the wavelength, then decreases sharply in reaching the resonance wavelength of the linear bonding mode. The coupling behavior of the two defects was also discussed, and it was found that the threshold of bistability increases with the distance between the two defects. A flat spectrum similar to that formed in the photonic crystal molecules was obtained under certain incident intensity.     

An infrared thermal image processing framework based on superpixel algorithm to detect cracks on metal surface

Infrared thermography has been used increasingly as an effective non-destructive technique to detect cracks on metal surface. Due to many factors, infrared thermal image has low definition compared to visible image. The contrasts between cracks and sound areas in different thermal image frames of a specimen vary greatly with the recorded time. An accurate detection can only be obtained by glancing over the whole thermal video, which is a laborious work. Moreover, experience of the operator has a great important influence on the accuracy of detection result. In this paper, an infrared thermal image processing framework based on superpixel algorithm is proposed to accomplish crack detection automatically. Two popular superpixel algorithms are compared and one of them is selected to generate superpixels in this application. Combined features of superpixels were selected from both the raw gray level image and the high-pass filtered image. Fuzzy c-means clustering is used to cluster superpixels in order to segment infrared thermal image. Experimental results show that the proposed framework can recognize cracks on metal surface through infrared thermal image automatically.     

Single image deblurring using novel image prior constraints

Single image deblurring is a highly ill-posed problem and requires to be regularized. Many common forms of image prior have a major drawback that is unable to make full use of local image information. In this paper, we propose a single image deblurring method using novel image prior constraints. We establish a probabilistic model by enforcing inspired image prior constraints and adopt an advanced iterative scheme that alternates between blur kernel estimation and non-blind image restoration. To suppress ringing artifacts caused by inevitable blur kernel estimated errors, our method employs total variation image restoration and presents an alternation half-quadratic algorithm to solve the non-convex cost function. Finally, experiments show that our method has good performance in suppressing ringing artifacts, and makes a good balance between alleviating staircase effects and preserving image details.     

面向逆向工程的工业CT图像预处理系统开发

 为了将工业CT技术应用于逆向工程中,开发了一个面向逆向工程的工业CT图像预处理系统。该系统主要通过图像处理、轮廓拟合和数据格式转换三个步骤对工业CT切片图像进行处理,输出的IGES格式数据能直接输入到专业化的逆向工程软件中进行３维CAD模型重构,减少了重构３维模型的工作量;输出的２维DXF格式数据能直接输入到AutoCAD软件中进行处理,提高了系统的灵活性。同时,提出了用加权方法计算拟合圆弧的圆心和半径,有效提高了曲线的拟合精度。并通过实例验证了该系统的正确性。     

Resonances of nanocylinders with gap defects

We have investigated the plasmonic resonance characteristics of canonical circular and square cylinders, with gap defects, that are illuminated by a plane wave. The circular and square cylinders have vee shaped gaps and constant width gaps, respectively. The electric and magnetic fields are obtained by solving the Lippmann–Schwinger equation from which we compute the far-field scattering cross-section and near-field local electromagnetic energy density.Numerical results are given for numerous wavelength and gap dimensions to qualitatively present the effects of gap defects on the scattering cross-section and local electromagnetic energy density.