Formation of the nonlinear dynamic hologram in clear organic fluids

The recording of dynamic holograms during multiwave interactions in clear organic fluids (ethanol, acetone, dioxan, etc.) is investigated. It is shown that the fifth-order nonlinearities and higher become activated along with the cubical nonlinearity under the intense laser excitation (～100 MW cm^?2) in the near-IR spectral range, which allows visualization of the IR images using different orders of diffraction.     

Synthesis and optical properties of a new lipophilic derivative of rhodamine B1

In this paper, a new rhodamine B lauryl amine (RBL) lipophilic derivative was synthesized by amidation of phenyl carboxylic group of RB with lauryl amine, and then its optical properties were studied on different conditions, such as varied excitation wavelengths, different kinds of solvents, pH values, etc. The results show that the absorption and emission spectra are significant different with the different structures of RBL. The absorption intensity of RBL in solvents with weak acidic proton was stronger than that in aprotic solvent because the former one can form hydrogen bond and thus stabilize the opened form of RBL. The fluorescence emission of RBL in dichloromethane and ethanol was stronger than that in acetone, tetrahydrofuran and water. It indicated that most of RBL molecules were in opened form in dichloromethane and ethanol, but in closed form in acetone, tetrahydrofuran and water. Finally, the influence of pH values was studied, and found that the intensity and position of absorption and emission peaks were almost the same in the whole acidic range, but changed a lot in alkaline medium.     

乙醇和水分子形成配合物与荧光光谱特性研究

讨论了紫外光照射乙醇和水混合溶液的荧光光谱及其对应的激发光谱，认为乙醇和水分子混 合时会发生团簇形成新的分子从而成为能辐射荧光的物质.采用不同波长的紫外光照射乙醇 水溶液，计算了不同入射光的荧光量子产率，进而选取具有最高荧光效率的激励光照射不同 混合比率溶液，通过探测混合物所发射的荧光光子数目随乙醇和水混合比率的变化规律，研 究了团簇分子的可能类型，并利用荧光强度和吸收率的加和性计算了混合物的总吸收率和总 荧光光子数目，从而解释了乙醇水溶液的荧光光谱特征峰.结果可为乙醇和水分子形成的新 团簇分子研究提供实验和理论依据. 关键词： 乙醇-水配合物 荧光光谱 分子团簇 激发光谱     

Sensitive Spectroscopic Detection of Large and Denatured Protein Aggregates in Solution by Use of the Fluorescent Dye Nile Red

The fluorescent dye Nile red was used as a probe for the sensitive detection of large, denatured aggregates of the model protein β-galactosidase (E. coli) in solution. Aggregates were formed by irreversible heat denaturation of β-galactosidase below and above the protein’s unfolding temperature of 57.4°C, and the presence of aggregates in heated solutions was confirmed by static light scattering. Interaction of Nile red with β-galactosidase aggregates led to a shift of the emission maximum (λ _max) from 660 to 611 nm, and to an increase of fluorescence intensity. Time-resolved fluorescence and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) measurements showed that Nile red detected large aggregates with hydrodynamic radii around 130 nm. By steady-state fluorescence measurements, it was possible to detect 1 nM of denatured and aggregated β-galactosidase in solution. The comparison with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) showed that native β-galactosidase and small aggregates thereof had no substantial effect on the fluorescence of Nile red. Large aggregates were not detected by SEC, because they were excluded from the column. The results with β-galactosidase demonstrate the potential of Nile red for developing complementary analytical methods that overcome the size limitations of SEC, and can detect the formation of large protein aggregates at early stages.     

稀土-铬蓝黑R配合物体系的近红外发光研究

研究了金属指示剂铬蓝黑R对Yb3 的近红外发光的敏化作用。结果表明 ,在中性乙醇溶液中 ,铬蓝黑R和Yb3 离子可形成配比为 2∶1的配合物。配合物的形成可猝灭配体铬蓝黑R的荧光 ,同时使Yb3 离子的荧光得到显著增强。表现出配体向Yb3 离子传能的机理。在一定条件下 ,配合物体系中Yb3 离子的发光强度与Yb3 离子的浓度成正比 ,同时其他低浓度稀土离子的存在不会影响Yb3 离子的发光 ,显示出近红外发光技术在单一稀土分析中良好的应用前景。     

抗菌素阿莫西林荧光分析法的研究

本文提出了阿莫西林（２Ｓ,５Ｒ,６Ｒ）－３,３－二甲基－６（Ｒ－）－（１）－２－氨基２－（４－羟基苯基）乙酰氨基－７氧化－４－硫杂－１氮杂双环（３,２,０）庚烷－２－甲酸三水化合物荧光分析的方法。并对影响阿莫西林荧光性质（光谱和光谱强度）的各种因素,包括ｐＨ值、表面活性剂的增效作用、无机离子的配合作用以其他介质条件等进行了较为详细的研究。实验结果表明,阿莫西林具有良好的荧光性质,在微碱性条件下荧光     

激励光波长对乙醇溶液荧光光谱特性的影响

乙醇溶液在紫外光照射下可以发射荧光。当激励的紫外光波长在200～250 nm变化时,乙醇溶液产生的荧光光谱基本相同,但峰值位置出现了明显的红移;当激励的紫外光波长相同时,随着溶液浓度的改变也将产生峰值位置的红移现象。文章从实验上对乙醇荧光峰值位置的红移规律进行了研究,并从理论上对红移现象进行了解释。研究结果有助于解释乙醇作为有机溶剂、荧光猝灭剂、食品添加剂等时对其他大分子的荧光光谱特性的影响,也将可能提供一种灵敏、快捷的乙醇含量测试方法。     

Intensity correlation of the resonance fluorescence radiation from an atom driven by a laser pump with amplitude and phase fluctuations

The influence of the phase and amplitude fluctuations of a relatively weak laser pump on the intensity correlations of the resonance fluorescence light from a single atom is studied. It is found that the contributions due to a non-Markovian dephasing of the laser light can be neglected in many cases. The amplitude fluctuations and the attendant non-factorizability of the intensity correlation function are shown to lead to a stronger correlation of the intensities of the resonance fluorescence light considered.     

溶剂对石墨烯量子点荧光性质的影响

采用柠檬酸热解法制备了石墨烯量子点(GQDs),研究了非极性溶剂戊烷,极性溶剂乙醇、丙酮、乙二醇对GQDs荧光性质的影响。透射电子显微镜(TEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)图像表明,制备的GQDs尺寸分布在2~12 nm(平均尺寸为4.9 nm),分散均匀,高度分布在0.5~2 nm。吸收光谱表明,GQDs具有明显的紫外吸收特性,吸收峰位于259 nm和274 nm。光致发光谱表明,GQDs的发光具有明显的溶剂依赖性。GQDs在极性溶剂乙醇、丙酮、乙二醇中,发光峰的位置依赖于激发波长,发射波长在可见光区。而在非极性溶剂戊烷中,GQDs表现出对激发波长不依赖的荧光性能,且发射波长在近紫外。     

Effect of pure and mixed solvents on the solubility, crystal growth and morphology of ethyl p-dimethylamino benzoate (EDMAB): An organic nonlinear optical material

The effects of pure and mixed solvents of ethanol and acetone on solubility, nucleation and growth of ethyl p-dimethylamino benzoate (EDMAB) were investigated. It was found that solubility of EDMAB increased as the volume ratio of acetone increased in the mixed solvent. Growth experiments were performed at 32 °C using pure and mixed solvents with different volume ratios of ethanol and acetone. Bulk single crystals of EDMAB were grown-in the experiment conducted using mixed solvent of 25% acetone and 75% of ethanol, whereas thin platelet crystal of EDMAB was obtained in the experiment conducted using pure ethanol. The acetone rich system resulted in uncontrolled nucleation with large number of tiny crystals, possibly due to high vapor pressure of acetone. The grown crystals were subjected to various analytical studies such as powder X-ray diffraction, Vickers microhardness, dielectric studies as a function of frequency and optical transmission and the powder Kurtz method.     

铽配合物荧光及在农用光波长转换塑料薄膜中的应用

选择荧光效应强的稀土元素铽,以磺基水杨酸作为第一配体,以聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇2000等为协配体,对乙醇溶液和水溶液两个体系中形成的配合物荧光进行了研究。试验确定了铽、磺基水杨酸以及聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇2000为优良协配体的最佳用量。进一步研究发现,表面活性剂的加入对不同配合物的荧光均会产生增强效果,十二烷基磺酸钠效果最好;同时探索了酸度对体系荧光强度的影响。对于获得的铽-磺基水杨酸-聚乙烯醇配合物,其荧光激发波长为342 nm,而荧光发射波长为545 nm,将该配合物以适当比例掺加到农用塑料薄膜中,制备出可以使太阳光的紫外部分转换为作物光合作用需要的绿光的稀土光转换膜。     

Change in the intensity of light scattering in a magnetite colloid under the simultaneous action of electric and magnetic fields

The change in the intensity of light scattering in a colloidal solution of magnetite particles in kerosene under the simultaneous action of coaxial and mutually perpendicular electric and magnetic fields has been studied. It has been found that, at certain strengths of mutually perpendicular fields, the change in the scattering intensity is maximal. The effect observed has been interpreted on the basis of the Rayleigh-Debye-Gans anisotropic approximation within the model of orientation of aggregates of magnetite particles under the joint action of the fields.     

SnO_2ZnO膜反射光谱的气敏灵敏度研究

研究SnO_2:ZnO薄膜在丙酮,乙醇、氨蒸汽中的气毓反射光谱,发现反射光强随气体浓度增加而减弱。这三种蒸汽具有不同的灵敏度,并解释了它的机理。     

Intensity Correlation of the Resonance Fluorescence Light in Quasi-monochromatic Chaotic Fields

The behaviour of the intensity correlation function of the resonance fluorescence light from a single atom is studied in the case of a quasi-monochromatic chaotic pump field of arbitrary mean intensity. In particular, it is found that the factorization of the intensity correlation function, which is impossible in the case of a narrow band chaotic pump field of low intensity, becomes a better approximation when the mean intensity of the pump field is enhanced.     

Specific features of the time dependence of intensity of differently polarized fluorescence components of bichromophore molecules caused by radiative dissipative interaction between their chromophores

Specific features of the time dependence of the intensity of differently polarized fluorescence components of a single bichromophore molecule and a monomolecular layer of such molecules are found. These features are related to the radiative dissipative interaction between chromophores of the molecule. The most prominent feature is the fall to zero of the intensity of fluorescence polarized perpendicular to polarization of the exciting light pulse at certain orientations of molecules with respect to the propagation direction of the light pulse. The complete quenching of this fluorescence component occurs when the excited-state population of an initially unexcited chromophore in molecules where only one of the two chromophores was excited reaches a maximum. As a result, the time dependence of the anisotropy of fluorescence of such molecular layers is described by hyperbolic secant with a maximum equal to unity at the quenching moment.     

一种测试小分子迁移的新方法

针对高聚物材料中小分子的迁移现象,结合数字图像处理技术,提出了一种基于钠光和斐索等厚原理的光学干涉法.介绍了系统测试原理,针对光学系统的设计作了详细的分析与计算;通过实验测试,设计的光学系统能够采集到清晰的干涉条纹,且满足测试精度要求,由条纹间距随时间的变化测出了丙酮和乙醇小分子迁移时高聚物折射率的变化规律为:丙酮小分...     

甲醇和乙醇的三维荧光光谱特性研究

为阐明甲醇和乙醇的光谱学特性,建立两者快速的辨析方法。采用三维荧光光谱,对甲醇和乙醇的荧光特性进行了研究。分析结果显示,甲醇的三维荧光光谱中出现了两个特征荧光峰,其荧光强度在甲醇体积浓度小于15%时与其浓度成正相关,乙醇的三维荧光光谱中出现了一个完整的特征荧光峰,其荧光强度在乙醇体积分数小于50%时与乙醇浓度成相关,甲醇比乙醇具有更高的荧光效率,以甲醇为有机溶剂研究化合物的荧光特性时,需要考虑甲醇的本底荧光。甲醇和乙醇的特征荧光峰位置差别较大,前者特征荧光峰出现在225/35 0nm和250/375nm处,而后者特征荧光峰位于240/310nm,据此可以有效辨析两种醇。     

Effect of solvent-controlled aggregation on the intrinsic emission properties of PAMAM dendrimers

Solvent-induced aggregation and its effect on the intrinsic emission properties of amine, hydroxy and carboxylate terminated, poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers have been investigated in glycerol, ethylene glycol, methanol, ethylene diamine and water. Altering the solvent medium induces remarkable changes in the intrinsic emission properties of the PAMAM dendrimers at identical concentration. Upon excitation at 370 nm, amine terminated PAMAM dendrimer exhibits an intense emission at 470 nm in glycerol, ethylene glycol as well as glycerol-water mixtures. Conversely, weak luminescence is observed for hydroxy and carboxylate terminated PAMAM dendrimers in the same solvent systems. When the solvent is changed to ethylene diamine, hydroxy terminated PAMAM exhibits intense blue emission at 425 nm. While the emission intensity is varied when the solvent milieu is changed, excited state lifetime values of PAMAM dendrimers remain independent of the solvent used. UV-visible absorption and dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments confirm the formation of solvent-controlled dendrimer aggregates in the systems. Comparison of the fluorescence and DLS data reveals that the size distribution of the dendrimer aggregates in each solvent system is distinct, which control the intrinsic emission intensity from PAMAM dendrimers. The experimental results suggest that intrinsic emission intensity from PAMAM dendrimers can be regulated by proper selection of solvents at neutral conditions and room temperature.