用于氢过氧自由基光谱和动力学分析的腔衰荡光谱装置

基于近红外腔衰荡光谱技术(CRDS)结合闪光光解,搭建了一套用于瞬态自由基探测的高灵敏度实验装置。通过扫描自主设计的光学谐振腔腔长,实现激光器与腔的模式耦合,基于线性回归求和(LRS)算法对衰荡曲线进行拟合,获得衰荡时间,在20.3 km有效光程和6.25 s采集时间下,系统可实现5.05×10–11cm^–1的探测灵敏度。使用266 nm Nd:YAG激光器光解臭氧(O₃)和乙炔(C₂H₂)的混合物产生氢过氧自由基(HO₂·),测量了HO₂·在6638.203 cm^–1位置处的特征吸收,获得了分辨率为0.002 cm^–1的吸收光谱。在2 kPa条件下,通过测量HO₂·自反应的衰变获得了6638.203 cm^–1处HO₂·的吸收截面(σ)为3.3×10^–19cm²/molecule,对应的吸收谱线强度(S)...     

半导体微盘腔激光器的腔模结构分析

应用光流线量子力学理论，分析了微盘激光器的腔模结构，为半导体微盘谐振腔的＂回廊耳语模＂~［７］（ＷｈｉｓｐｅｒＧａｌｌｅｒｙＭｏｄｅ）现象做出了理论解释，并对不同尺寸的微盘可能存在的模式做出了理论计算，为微腔激光器的设计。制作及输出光模式的预测提供了理论依据。     

傅立叶变换激光腔内吸收光谱方法研究吸收谱线的强度与线形

Based on Fourier-transform intra-cavity laser absorption spectroscopy (FT-ICLAS) setup reported, a signal differential module is introduced to reduce the noise rising from the fluctuation of the laser power and to improve the quality of the interferogram obtained in the experiment. The capability to do quantitative measurement was demonstrated by recording the atmospheric oxygen absorption near 760 nm. The v=6 local mode stretching overtone spectra of phosphine were recorded with different sample pressure. The pressure caused self-broadening and line shift parameters of this band were achieved.     

利用激光腔内共振衰减技术研究CH2 CHO自由基的近紫外吸收光谱

Near-ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the B 2A" 0 ← X 2A" band of the vinoxy radical（CH2CHO）is recorded by cavity ringdown spectroscopy（CRDS）. The absorption spectrum shows a series of vibronic bands starting from 28786 cm - 1 and an increasing broad background towards higher photon energy. The CRDS absorption spectrum is similar to an early low-resolution absorption spectrum;and the vibronic peak positions match well with those in the laser-induced fluorescence and photofragment yield spectra.     

半导体纳米材料作为表面增强拉曼散射基底的研究进展

在总结半导体纳米材料作为表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)基底的一些相关研究工作的基础上, 讨论了半导体纳米粒子SERS基底的增强效应与纳米材料的种类、尺寸的相关性; 对半峰宽、激发波长进行了分析, 并对半导体纳米材料作为SERS基底时, 化学增强、电磁增强、纳米半导体缺陷和激子波尔半径的影响等进行了阐述.     

光腔衰荡光谱方法研究正丙醇羟基泛频光谱和分子构象

用高灵敏的光腔衰荡光谱(Cavity Ring－Down Spectroscopy)方法探测到了正丙醇波长在620和700 nm附近的高激发泛频振动光谱,将其归属于分子不同稳定构象的O－H伸缩振动（υ＝4、5）泛频吸收,谱带用高斯函数模拟后得到的每一个峰都对应于分子的一个或几个稳定构象。用局域模理论（Local Mode Theory)对同一分子的不同泛频振动(υ值不同）进行了分析指认,求出了分子羟基振动的机械振动频率常数ωe,非谐性振动常数ωeχe。与已知甲醇的常数进行了比较,得到了令人满意的结果。用密度泛函理论（DFT）、B3LYP/6－311+G**方法优化了正丙醇各种可能的稳定构象,计算所得结果与试验值吻合。     

有机银溶胶的吸收光谱和表面增强Raman光谱研究

研究了2-氨基苯并咪唑(BIMNH₂)、LiCl、NaOEt对Ag/EtOH溶胶吸收光谱和表面增强Raman散射(SERS)光谱的影响。结果表明,少量的吸附分子BIMNH₂、LiCl、NaOEt均能改变溶胶聚集状态,从而影响其吸收光谱和SERS效应。此外,Cl^-还可与Ag、BIMNH₂形成表面络合物而增强SERS效应。对Ag溶胶体系SERS光谱的溶剂效应也作了初步研究。     

光电流谱、光致发光光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱在纳米半导体光电器件研究中的联用

在纳米半导体中由于纳米效应(如量子尺寸效应),其电子结构与块体半导体有所不同。进一步地,当纳米半导体与基底和其他组分结合制成器件后,其性质又受到基底或其他组分的影响,这两点导致了基于纳米半导体的光电器件的性能以及相应表征方法也大不相同。将光电流谱、光致发光光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱三种技术有机地结合起来,可以更好地表征纳米半导体的电子性质和光电性能。本文根据纳米半导体材料与电极的电子性质特点及其测量,结合本课题组前期工作,举例介绍三种谱学方法相结合应用于探究光伏电池和电致发光器件的纳米半导体材料的性能,以及纳米半导体材料表面态的表征。     

The detection of carbon monoxide by cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy with a DFB diode laser

It has been proven that cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy is a high sensitive spectral technique. The aim of our study was to apply this spectral technique to the detection of carbon monoxide with a narrow line width tunable DFB diode laser and high Q factor optical cavity. Absorption signals were extracted from a measurement recording the average of 20 highest light intensities that leak out of the cavity. The absorption spectrum of CO centered at 6354.18 cm⁻¹ was recorded; the experiment results indicate that cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy could produce accurate high resolution spectrum. A detection sensitivity about 5.687 × 10⁻⁷ cm⁻¹ has been achieved in a 45 cm-long cell.     

Detection of Polyatomic Species in Non-Premixed Flames Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy

Quantitative determinations of polyatomic species in laboratory-scale hydrocarbon diffusion flames using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy is discussed. The diode laser used in these studies pumped the ν₄ fundamental of methane and the ν₄ + ν₅ combination band of acetylene in the 1260-1290 cm⁻¹ range in two different burner systems which supported both methane/air and ethylene/air non-premixed flames. For both molecules, the sensitivity of the measurement was a strong function of the local flame temperature, falling off rapidly as temperatures approached 2000 K. The detection limits for acetylene were lower than those for methane because of lower spectral line density in the former experiments.     

Cavity Ring Down Laser Absorption Spectroscopy of Nil

The absorption spectrum of NiI between 445 and 510 nm has been investigated using the technique of laser vaporization/reaction with free jet expansion and cavity ring down laser absorption spectroscopy. Two new transitions namely,[21.3]^2△5/2-X^2△5/2 and [21.9]^2Ⅱ3/2-X^2△5/2 systems were identified and studied. Spectra of both ^58NiI and ^60NiI isotopic molecules were observed. Equilibrium molecular constants for both electronic states are reported and the equilibrium bond length for the [21.3]^2△5/2 state and the[21.9]^2Ⅱ3/2 state was respectively determined to be 2.431 and 2.481 A.     

Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide by Wavelength-modulated Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy

Rapid, accurate, and sensitive determination of hydrogen sulfide was provided by tunable distributed feedback diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The laser wavelength scanning range covered the strongest absorption band of hydrogen sulfide. The absorption line at 1578?nm was used for analytical measurements. A homemade digital lock-in amplifier was used to demodulate the first and the second harmonic signals. Normalization of the second harmonic by the first harmonic signal provided calibration-free measurements so that interferences from light path, circuitry, and source intensity were minimized. A mass flow controller was used to introduce 0–100?ppm hydrogen sulfide for validating the analytical performance. The results demonstrated the linearity of the normalized harmonic signals with concentration with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995. The response time was approximately 3?s. The detection limit by Allan variance was 45 ppb with an integration time of 35?s. The sensitive hydrogen sulfide sensor is suitable for environmental monitoring with real-time detection.     

Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Studies of Hydrocarbons in RF Plasmas Containing Hexamethyldisiloxane

Tunable infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy has been used to detect the methyl radical and three stable molecules, CH₄, C₂H₂ and C₂H₆, in radio frequency plasmas (f=13.56 MHz) containing hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO). The methyl radical concentration and the concentration of the stable hydrocarbons, produced in the plasma, have been measured in pure HMDSO discharges and with admixtures of Ar, while discharge power (P=20–200 W), total gas pressure (p=0.08–0.6 mbar), gas mixture and total gas flow rate (=1–10 sccm) were varied. The methyl radical concentration was found to be in the range of 10¹³ molecules cm^-3, while methane and ethane are the dominant hydrocarbons with concentrations of 10¹⁴–10¹⁵ mol cm^-3. Conversion rates to the measured stable hydrocarbons (RC(C_xH_y): 2×10¹²–2×10¹⁶ molecules J^-1 s^-1) could be estimated in dependence on power, flow, mixture and pressure. Under the used experimental conditions a maximum deposition rate of polymer layers of about 400 nm min^-1 has been found.     

A Tunable Ionic Diode Based on a Biomimetic Structure-Tailorable Nanochannel

A tunable ionic diode is presented that is based on biomimetic structure-tailorable nanochannels, with precise ion-transport characteristics from ohmic behavior to bidirectional rectification as well as gating properties. The forward/reverse directions of the ionic diode and the degree of rectification can be well-regulated by combining the patterned surface charge and the sophisticated structure. This system creates an ideal platform for precise transportation of ions and molecules, and potential applications in analytical sciences are anticipated.     

铑电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱研究(英文)

本文简要介绍了将铑电极用于表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS)研究的方法 .具有较强活性的铑电极可以通过对电极施加方波电流进行恒电流粗糙获得 .对模型分子吡啶进行的表面拉曼光谱研究表明 ,该电极具有很好的稳定性和可逆性 ,并且其表面增强因子可达 4 0 0 0 .在对铑电极上一氧化碳的氧化过程进行的拉曼光谱研究中同时检测到桥式和线型吸附的C O和Pt C振动的拉曼信号 .本研究表明铑电极可作为多用的SERS基底 ,拉曼光谱可作为界面研究的通用工具 .