Anomalous plasma phenomena of hollow cathode arc discharge

Magnetically confined argon plasma produced by hollow cathode arc discharge has been studied in different experimental conditions, with discharge current from 10–50 A, vessel argon pressure between 10^–3 and 10^–4 torr (1 torr=133·32 Pa) and axial magnetic field up to 0·12 T. The plasma density measured by a cylindrical Langmuir probe is found to be 10¹⁹ to 4 × 10¹⁹ m^–3 and the electron temperatureT _e varies between 2·5 and 4·8 eV. When an external axial magnetic field is applied the plasma temperature decreases with the increase in the magnetic field intensity until it reaches a minimum value at 0·075T and then increases with the same rate. This has been interpreted as high frequency waves excitation due to electron beam-plasma interaction, which explains the electron density jumps with the magnetic field intensity. Enhanced plasma transport across the magnetic field is studied and classified as anomalous diffusion.     

Glow discharge with an annular hollow cathode

A discharge system with peripheral discharge chambers (Penning cells) and common hollow cathode with only one cell supplied with power is studied. It is shown that a jumpwise transition from a dark discharge to a glow discharge is accompanied by the penetration of plasma into the hollow cathode.     

Laser action in a gallium hollow cathode discharge

cw laser action was observed for the 6335 and 7199 Å transitions of Ga II in a hollow cathode discharge. Charge exchange and radiative cascade processes are suggested to be responsible for the population of the upper laser levels.     

Beam-plasma mechanism for anode plasma generation in a low-pressure two-stage self-sustained discharge with a cold hollow cathode

Results are presented from experimental studies of the anode region of a low-pressure two-stage self-sustained discharge with a closed cold hollow cathode. It is shown that applying an external longitudinal magnetic field promotes the generation of a dense anode plasma, whereas the transverse field impedes this generation. It is established that the beam-plasma mechanism for plasma generation plays a dominant role in the anode region of the discharge. The geometry of the electrodes of the gas-discharge chamber is optimized.     

Electron transport properties of stationary plasma clouds generatedwith hollow cathode discharges

The electron transport properties of plasma clouds generated by a hollow cathode discharge are investigated. The voltage-current characteristic curves indicate that the electron-emitted electron current depends on both bias voltage and discharge current. The spatial dependence of the electronic density, plasma potential, and electronic temperature is measured. The energy loss rate of a high energy group of electrons with the radial distance is also presented. These experimental results are compared with a nonisothermal transport model which reproduces the spatial dependence of plasma properties     

采用空心阴极放电等离子体化学气相沉积方法制备a-CH薄膜

 研究了不同衬底-阴极距离、直流电压和H₂流量对a-CH薄膜沉积速率的影响。结果表明：衬底-阴极距离必须大于0.5cm，随着该距离的增加，薄膜的沉积速率减少；直流电压达550V时沉积速率最大；随着H2含量的增加，CH₄含量相对减少，沉积速率随之降低。用AFM观察了以该方法制得的448.4nm CH薄膜的表面形貌，表面粗糙度约为10nm。最后测出了不同条件下CH薄膜的UV-VIS谱，由此可以计算得到薄膜的禁带宽度及折射率。     

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采用蒙特卡罗模型对氮空心阴极放电等离子体鞘层离子(N2 、N )的输运过程进行了模拟研究,计算了阴极鞘层中氮离子(N2 、N )的能量及角分布的空间变化和粒子密度及平均能量随放电参数的变化规律。研究结果表明:空心阴极放电产生的氮离子,在鞘层输运过程中,N2 是密度几乎不变的低能粒子;N 是密度逐渐减少的高能粒子。随着电压增加,N 密度减小,平均能量增加;N2 密度和平均能量变化不明显。能量及入射角的相对分布规律与平板电极氮直流辉光放电基本类似,但圆筒空心阴极放电更有利于氮离子的产生。     

采用空心阴极放电等离子体化学气相沉积方法制备a-CH薄膜

研究了不同衬底-阴极距离、直流电压和H2流量对a-CH薄膜沉积速率的影响。结果表明：衬底-阴极距离必须大于0.5cm,随着该距离的增加,薄膜的沉积速率减少;直流电压达550V时沉积速率最大;随着H2含量的增加,CH4含量相对减少,沉积速率随之降低。用AFM观察了以该方法制得的448.4nm CH薄膜的表面形貌,表面粗糙度约为10nm。最后测出了不同条件下CH薄膜的UV-VIS谱,由此可以计算得到薄膜的禁带宽度及折射率。     

Atomic nitrogen laser action in a hollow cathode discharge

Near-infrared laser action of nitrogen atoms was obtained in a hollow cathode discharge. Four laser lines at wavelengths of 1358.2, 939.3, 938.7, and 862.9 nm were observed in the cw mode. In addition, the laser line at 904.6 nm was observed in quasi-cw operation in the afterglow for the first time. It is supposed that resonant charge exchange between He⁺ and N₂ followed by predissociation of N ₂ ⁺ is an important way of populating the upper laser levels.     

Fe II level populations in a hollow cathode discharge

Relative populations of 232 excited levels of the Fe⁺ ion have been measured in a hollow cathode discharge in neon and in argon. The population distribution shows that thermal charge exchange between noble gas ions and ground level Fe atoms is responsible for most of the excited Fe⁺ population. the cross section for thermal charge exchange is enhanced when the excited Fe⁺ final level has the same 3d⁶(⁵D) core configuration as the initial Fe atom ground level.     

HeKr laser with transverse hollow cathode discharge

Quasi-CW laser generation on five KrII lines in HeKr gas mixtures is observed using sectioned hollow cathode construction in which transverse discharge is realized. Gain of 19%/m and output power of 34 mW are achieved. Single longitudinal mode operation is obtained.     

CW laser oscillation in a hollow cathode He-Kr discharge

CW laser oscillation on the 4694 Å transition of Kr II has been observed in a hollow cathode He-Kr discharge.     

Intermodulated optogalvanic Zeeman spectroscopy in a hollow cathode discharge

The Zeeman and hyperfine structures of various transitions of calcium, copper, and neon are investigated by means of Doppler-free optogalvanic spectroscopy. This work demonstrates the suitability of the hollow cathode discharge to high resolution Zeeman spectroscopy of refractory and reactive elements.