Anyonic quantum walks

The one dimensional quantum walk of anyonic systems is presented. The anyonic walker performs braiding operations with stationary anyons of the same type ordered canonically on the line of the walk. Abelian as well as non-Abelian anyons are studied and it is shown that they have very different properties. Abelian anyonic walks demonstrate the expected quadratic quantum speedup. Non-Abelian anyonic walks are much more subtle. The exponential increase of the system’s Hilbert space and the particular statistical evolution of non-Abelian anyons give a variety of new behaviors. The position distribution of the walker is related to Jones polynomials, topological invariants of the links created by the anyonic world-lines during the walk. Several examples such as the SU(2)_k and the quantum double models are considered that provide insight to the rich diffusion properties of anyons.     

Interferometry of non-Abelian anyons

We develop the general quantum measurement theory of non-Abelian anyons through interference experiments. The paper starts with a terse introduction to the theory of anyon models, focusing on the basic formalism necessary to apply standard quantum measurement theory to such systems. This is then applied to give a detailed analysis of anyonic charge measurements using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer for arbitrary anyon models. We find that, as anyonic probes are sent through the legs of the interferometer, superpositions of the total anyonic charge located in the target region collapse when they are distinguishable via monodromy with the probe anyons, which also determines the rate of collapse. We give estimates on the number of probes needed to obtain a desired confidence level for the measurement outcome distinguishing between charges, and explicitly work out a number of examples for some significant anyon models. We apply the same techniques to describe interferometry measurements in a double point-contact interferometer realized in fractional quantum Hall systems. To lowest order in tunneling, these results essentially match those from the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, but we also provide the corrections due to processes involving multiple tunnelings. Finally, we give explicit predictions describing state measurements for experiments in the Abelian hierarchy states, the non-Abelian Moore-Read state at ν=5/2 and Read-Rezayi state at ν=12/5.     

Dynamical role of anyonic excitation statistics in rapidly rotating bose gases

We show that for rotating harmonically trapped Bose gases in a fractional quantum Hall state, the anyonic excitation statistics in the rotating gas can effectively play a dynamical role. For particular values of the two-dimensional coupling constant g=-2pih2(2k-1)/m, where k is a positive integer, the system becomes a noninteracting gas of anyons, with exactly obtainable solutions satisfying Bogomol'nyi self-dual order parameter equations. Attractive Bose gases under rapid rotation thus can be stabilized in the thermodynamic limit due to the anyonic statistics of their quasiparticle excitations.     

Engineering complex topological memories from simple Abelian models

In three spatial dimensions, particles are limited to either bosonic or fermionic statistics. Two-dimensional systems, on the other hand, can support anyonic quasiparticles exhibiting richer statistical behaviors. An exciting proposal for quantum computation is to employ anyonic statistics to manipulate information. Since such statistical evolutions depend only on topological characteristics, the resulting computation is intrinsically resilient to errors. The so-called non-Abelian anyons are most promising for quantum computation, but their physical realization may prove to be complex. Abelian anyons, however, are easier to understand theoretically and realize experimentally. Here we show that complex topological memories inspired by non-Abelian anyons can be engineered in Abelian models. We explicitly demonstrate the control procedures for the encoding and manipulation of quantum information in specific lattice models that can be implemented in the laboratory. This bridges the gap between requirements for anyonic quantum computation and the potential of state-of-the-art technology.     

Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in optical lattices

We describe a general technique that allows one to induce and control strong interaction between spin states of neighboring atoms in an optical lattice. We show that the properties of spin exchange interactions, such as magnitude, sign, and anisotropy, can be designed by adjusting the optical potentials. We illustrate how this technique can be used to efficiently "engineer" quantum spin systems with desired properties, for specific examples ranging from scalable quantum computation to probing a model with complex topological order that supports exotic anyonic excitations.     

Measurement-only topological quantum computation

We remove the need to physically transport computational anyons around each other from the implementation of computational gates in topological quantum computing. By using an anyonic analog of quantum state teleportation, we show how the braiding transformations used to generate computational gates may be produced through a series of topological charge measurements.     

Anyon-fermion mapping and applications to ultracold gases in tight waveguides

The Fermi-Bose mapping method for one-dimensional Bose and Fermi gases with zero-range interactions is generalized to an anyon-fermion mapping and applied to exact solution of several models of ultracold gases with anyonic exchange symmetry in tight waveguides: anyonic Calogero-Sutherland model, anyons with point hard-core interaction (anyonic Tonks-Girardeau gas), and spin-aligned anyon gas with infinite zero-range odd-wave attractions (attractive anyonic Tonks-Girardeau, or AATG, gas). It is proved that for even N>or=4 there are states of the AATG gas on a ring, with anyonic phase slips which are odd integral multiples of pi/(N-1), of energy lower than that of the corresponding fermionic ground state. A generalization to a spinor Fermi gas state with anyonic symmetry under purely spatial exchange enables energy lowering by the same mechanism.     

Measurement-only topological quantum computation via anyonic interferometry

We describe measurement-only topological quantum computation using both projective and interferometrical measurement of topological charge. We demonstrate how anyonic teleportation can be achieved using “forced measurement” protocols for both types of measurement. Using this, it is shown how topological charge measurements can be used to generate the braiding transformations used in topological quantum computation, and hence that the physical transportation of computational anyons is unnecessary. We give a detailed discussion of the anyonics for implementation of topological quantum computation (particularly, using the measurement-only approach) in fractional quantum Hall systems.     

Implementation of single-qubit and CNOT gates by anyonic excitations of two-body topological color code

The anyonic excitations of topological two-body color code model are used to implement a set of gates. Because of two-body interactions, the model can be simulated in optical lattices. The excitations have nontrivial mutual statistics, and are coupled to nontrivial gauge fields. The underlying lattice structure provides various opportunities for encoding the states of a logical qubit in anyonic states. The interactions make the transition between different anyonic states, so being logical operation in the computational bases of the encoded qubit. Two-qubit gates can be performed in a topological way using the braiding of anyons around each other.     

从一维光晶格中释放的任意子噪声关联函数研究

首先求解具有delta函数型相互作用的任意子气体的含时薛定谔方程,给出了其多体波函数的解析解,并在此基础上详细分析了无相互作用情形和有相互作用情形下任意子噪声关联函数的特性.对于有相互作用的任意子气体,其噪声关联呈现出与无相互作用情形下不同的特性:散射相位具有一定的空间分布,一系列线性而不是尖峰出现在噪声关联函数中;线性的宽度、取向以及位置与任意子的统计参数和粒子间相互作用强度的关系都非常密切.特别地,在TG极限下,也就是相互作用趋于无限大的情形下,粒子间散射相位变为,任意子的噪声关联函数图样与无相互作用情形下的图样完全相反.     

从一维光晶格中释放的任意子噪声关联函数研究

首先求解具有delta函数型相互作用的任意子气体的含时薛定谔方程,给出了其多体波函数的解析解,并在此基础上详细分析了无相互作用情形和有相互作用情形下任意子噪声关联函数的特性。对于有相互作用的任意子气体,其噪声关联呈现出与无相互作用情形下不同的特性：散射相位具有一定的空间分布,一系列线性而不是尖峰出现在噪声关联函数中;线性的宽度、取向以及位置与任意子的统计参数和粒子间相互作用强度的关系都非常密切。特别地,在TG极限下,也就是相互作用趋于无限大的情形下,任意子的噪声关联函数图样与无相互作用情形下的图样完全相反。     

The quantum geometry of spin and statistics

Both, spin and statistics of a quantum system can be seen to arise from underlying (quantum) group symmetries. We show that the spin–statistics theorem is equivalent to a unification of these symmetries. Besides covering the Bose–Fermi case we classify the corresponding possibilities for anyonic spin and statistics. We incorporate the underlying extended concept of symmetry into quantum field theory in a generalised path integral formulation capable of handling general braid statistics. For bosons and fermions the different path integrals and Feynman rules naturally emerge without introducing Grassmann variables. We also consider the anyonic example of quons and obtain the path integral counterpart to the usual canonical approach.     

Slave anyons in the t-J model at the supersymmetric point

We discuss the properties of the supersymmetric t-J model in the formalism of the slave operators. In particular we introduce a generalized abelian bosonization for the model in two dimensions, and show that holons and spinons can be anyons of arbitrary complementary statistics (slave-anyon representation). The braiding properties of these anyonic operators are thoroughly analyzed, and are used to provide an explicit linear realization of the superalgebra SU(1|2). Finally, we prove that the hamiltonian of the t-J model in the slave-anyon representation is invariant under SU(1|2) for J = 2t.     

Spin supersolid in an anisotropic spin-one Heisenberg chain

We consider an S=1 Heisenberg chain with strong exchange (Delta=J(z)/J(perpendicular)) and single-ion uniaxial anisotropy (D) in a magnetic field (B) along the symmetry axis. The low-energy spectrum is described by an effective S=1/2 XXZ model that acts on two different low-energy sectors for a finite range of fields. The vacuum of each sector exhibits Ising-like antiferromagnetic ordering coexisting with the finite spin stiffness obtained from the exact solution of the XXZ model. In this way, we demonstrate the existence of a spin supersolid phase. We also compute the full Delta-B quantum phase diagram using a quantum Monte Carlo method.     

Non-Abelian anyon superconductivity

Non-Abelian anyons exist in certain spin models and may exist in quantum Hall systems at certain filling fractions. In this work, we studied the ground state of dynamical SU(2) level-kappa Chern-Simons non-Abelian anyons at finite density and no external magnetic field. We find that, in the large-kappa limit, the topological interaction induces a pairing instability and the ground state is a superconductor with d+id gap symmetry. We also develop a picture of pairing for the special value kappa=2 and argue that the ground state is a superfluid of pairs for all values of kappa.     

Logarithmic terms in entanglement entropies of 2D quantum critical points and Shannon entropies of spin chains

Universal logarithmic terms in the entanglement entropy appear at quantum critical points (QCPs) in one dimension (1D) and have been predicted in 2D at QCPs described by 2D conformal field theories. The entanglement entropy in a strip geometry at such QCPs can be obtained via the "Shannon entropy" of a 1D spin chain with open boundary conditions. The Shannon entropy of the XXZ chain is found to have a logarithmic term that implies, for the QCP of the square-lattice quantum dimer model, a logarithm with universal coefficient ±0.25. However, the logarithm in the Shannon entropy of the transverse-field Ising model, which corresponds to entanglement in the 2D Ising conformal QCP, is found to have a singular dependence on the replica or Rényi index resulting from flows to different boundary conditions at the entanglement cut.     

Quantum field theory of anyons

For a Minkowski spacetime of dimension three, particles of arbitrary, real spin and intermediate (-) statistics, called anyons, are studied within the framework of relativistic quantum field theory. The localization properties of interpolating fields for anyons and the relation between the spin of anyons and their statistics are discussed on general grounds. A model of a quantum field theory exhibiting anyons is described. Our results might be relevant in connection with the fractional quantum Hall effect and two-dimensional models of high-T _c superconductors.     

An explicit realization of fractional statistics in one dimension

An explicit realization of anyons is provided, using the three-body Calogero model. The fact that in the coupling domain, -1/4<g<0, the angular spectrum can have a band structure, leads to the manifestation of the desired phase in the wave function, under the exchange of particles. Concurrently, the momentum corresponding to the angular variable is quantized, exactly akin to the relative angular momentum quantization in two dimensional anyonic system.