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聚酰胺/粘土纳米复合材料的掉备,结构表征及性能研究 总被引:52,自引:2,他引:52
聚酰胺/粘土纳米复合材料,由于粘土以纳米悄度均匀地分散在聚酰胺基体中以及粘土与基体间强的化学结合,较常规填充增强聚酰胺复合材料具有更高强度,模量,耐热,气体阻隔等性能,是一种性能优异的聚酰胺材料,本文重点综述了混杂材料的制备,结构表征,特殊的界面相互作用,力学性能,结晶行为及结晶动力学等方面的研究,并展望了该材料的应用前景。 相似文献
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聚酰胺/粘土纳米复合材料 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:17
聚酰胺/粘土纳米复合材料是一种新型的有机-无机纳米复合材料。在无机物含量远少于常规填充复合材料的情况下就可以具有较好的力学性能、阻隔性能等,热稳定性能也显著提高,并具有阻燃性和各向异性。是一种性能优异的、具有广泛应用前途的纳米复合材料。综述了该纳米复合材料的制备、性能和应用前景等。 相似文献
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插层聚合制备聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料及其结构性能表征 总被引:32,自引:0,他引:32
将插层聚合的概念引入烯烃聚合,制备了聚丙烯/蒙脱土(PP/MMT)纳米复合材料。X射线衍射和TEM分析结果表明,蒙脱土在聚丙烯基体中达到了纳米级的分散,动态力学性能研究结果表明,在高于Tg的温度区域内PP/MMT纳米复合材料的储能模量(E′)成倍增加,加入8%的蒙脱土(MMT),PP/MMT的E′提高近3倍。PP/MMT的玻璃化转变温度Tg有一定程度的提高,随蒙脱土含量的增加,PP/MMT的热分解温度和热变形温度(HDT)都有大幅度提高。 相似文献
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一种液晶共聚酯/粘土纳米复合材料的制备及其相转变温度 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
一些无机微粒被广泛用做聚合物的增强材料,其中特别引起人们注意的是一种粘土,即蒙脱土(montmorillonite).蒙脱土具有层状结构,其特点一是微粒尺寸小,二是可以和多种单体发生插层聚合反应,给出聚合物/蒙脱土纳米复合材料[1~3].纳米复合材料指的是其基质中分散相的尺寸至少有一维小于100nm数量级的复合材料.由于其纳米尺度效应、大的比表面积以及强的界面相互作用,纳米复合材料的物理力学性能优于相同组分常规复合材料.因此,无论从基本理论研究角度还是从应用角度上看,对聚合物纳米复合材料的研究都… 相似文献
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尼龙6/石墨纳米导电复合材料的制备与性能 总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30
通过原位插层聚合制备了尼龙 6 /石墨纳米导电复合材料 ,其室温导电渗滤阈值为 =0 75vol% ,远远低于常规导电粒子填充的聚合物复合材料 .当石墨体积分数为 2 0vol%时 ,室温电导率可达 10 -4 S/cm .透射电镜研究表明 :由于石墨经高温膨胀后其片层被剥离导致了片状石墨粒子具有巨大的径厚比 ,经原位插层聚合其片层厚度进一步被剥离为几十个纳米 ,同时原位插层聚合使得石墨粒子能够均匀分散在尼龙 6基体中 ,因而导致了该导电复合材料的低渗滤阈值和高导电性能 . 相似文献
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插层聚合聚丙烯-蒙脱土纳米复合材料的微观结构形态 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
使用偏光显微镜,扫描电镜,透射电镜和广角X射线衍射法研究了插层聚合法制备的聚丙烯-蒙脱土(PP-MMT)纳米复合材料的微观结构和形态发展。结果表明,随着插层聚合反应的进行,较大的初级MMT粒子逐渐剥离成较小的次级粒子。次级粒子由2-20片的单个MMT片层组成,其层间充满了PP分子链。提出了插层聚合过程中PP-MMT复合材料的形态发展模型。另外,MMT的加入对PP的球晶形态也有重要影响,PP完整的球晶随MMT的加入逐渐变小和趋于扭曲甚至破坏。 相似文献
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Chao Jun JING Liu Sheng CHEN Yi SHI Xi Gao JIN 《中国化学快报》2005,16(8):1117-1120
The synthesis of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-l,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV) in the presence of organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) was reported and the exfoliated MEH-PPV/OMMT nanocomposites was obtained by controlling the ratio of the monomer to the OMMT. 相似文献
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Summary: Nylon 6/clay nanocomposites (N6CN) with different cooling histories were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and variable‐temperature X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Above the melting temperature, new endothermic peaks appeared in the DSC trace for N6CN. All the neat nylon 6 samples presented amorphous XRD patterns when heated up to the melting range. However, for N6CN samples, undefined crystalline structures remained in the substantially molten polymer matrix up to 300 °C.
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A new route has been developed to produce PP/silica nanocomposites starting from porous PP reactor powder and making use of sol-gel chemistry. Silica-like, nano-sized particles were prepared in the pores of the PP reactor powder with a controlled degree of adhesion between PP and silica. Magic-angle spinning (MAS) 29Si NMR spectra showed that the chemical building blocks of the silica-like clusters are of Q3 and Q4-type. For (vinyl triethoxy silane (VTES)-grafted PP)/silica nanocomposites, VTES was grafted via solid-state modification (SSM) in porous PP particles. Subsequently, silica particles were prepared by sol-gel technology in the VTES-grafted PP. MAS 29Si NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy showed that the grafted VTES becomes part of the in-situ formed silica particles. The study on the mechanical properties of (VTES-grafted PP)/silica nanocomposites showed that the silica particles improved the impact toughness of PP by a factor of 2, when there is no chemical interaction between the particles and the matrix, while for (VTES-grafted PP)/silica nanocomposites the impact toughness decreased. This indicates that chemical bonding between the filler particles and the PP-matrix results in brittle failure and supports the hypothesis that debonding is necessary for improving the impact toughness of PP with inorganic fillers. 相似文献
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Chun Yang WANG Tong ZHAO* Center for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry the Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 《中国化学快报》2001,(10)
Thermally resistant structural materials play a key role in the progress of the electronics and aerospace industries. Polybenzoxazine, a novel ring-opening phenolic resin, with superior properties such as no volatile emission when curing, near zero shrinkage and high mechanical performance, can be deemed as alternatives of traditional phenolics. Layered clays dispersed in a polymer matrix on nanoscale reinforced the thermal resistance and mechanical performance of the composite. The prepara… 相似文献
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Two polymorphic modifications of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (calcite and aragonite) characterized by different shape and coated with fatty acids were used as reinforcement phases of Nylon 6. Nylon 6 based nanocomposites filled with 1% and 5% by weight of calcite and aragonite were prepared by melt mixing. Morphological analysis performed on the fractured surface of nanocomposites showed that the coating agent permits to obtain uniform and fine nanoparticles dispersion. DMTA analysis revealed that nanoparticles increase the glass transition temperature of Nylon 6 up to 12 °C in the case of calcite, while a less pronounced increase was recorded for aragonite. Finally, structural analyses (FT-IR and WAXS) underlined that calcite nanoparticles promote and stabilize the γ-crystalline form of Nylon 6, while in the case of aragonite nanofillers the α-crystalline form was still dominant. 相似文献
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Varsha R. Mehto Akanksha Mehto Dhirendra Kumar Gupta Rajendra Kumar Pandey 《中国化学会会志》2016,63(11):935-946
This paper presents our results on the successful fabrication of HCl‐doped polyaniline (PANI)/ZnO nanocomposites via an electrochemical synthesis route. Different weight percents of ZnO nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed in the PANI matrix. The interaction between the dispersed ZnO nanoparticle and PANI was studied using X‐ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, thermogravimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that the doping state of the PANI/ZnO nanocomposite is highly improved as compared to that of PANI. The dispersed PANI/ZnO nanocomposites exhibit enhanced PL behavior and thermal stability. 相似文献
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多组分单体接枝聚丙烯/尼龙6反应共混物结晶行为研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
用多组分熔融接枝的方法将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯 (GMA)和苯乙烯 (St)共同接枝到聚丙烯 (PP)上 ,制得具有较高GMA接枝率的多单体接枝聚丙烯 ,PP g (GMA co St) .将PP g (GMA co St)与尼龙 6 (PA6 )进行共混 ,利用扫描电镜 (SEM) ,差示扫描量热计 (DSC)和广角X射线衍射 (WAXD)对共混物的形态和结晶进行了研究 .在共混过程中 ,PP g (GMA co St)与PA6反应原位生成了PP g PA6 ,有效改善了共混物的相容性 ,分散相尺寸明显减小 .在PP g (GMA co St) PA6为 3 7的体系中 ,PP g (GMA co St)出现分级结晶现象 ,其在较低温度下的结晶属于均相成核结晶 .在PP g (GMA co St) PA6为 7 3的体系中 ,由于PA6相分散细微 ,在通常结晶温度下不结晶 ,而是在低温下均相成核与PP g (GMA co St)同时结晶 .WAXD证实体系中接枝PP ,PA6为分别结晶 ,无共晶或新的晶型产生 相似文献