纳米复合永磁材料晶粒择优取向的研究

利用熔体快淬技术制备了（Nd11.4Fe82.9B5.7）0．99M1（其中M=Zr，Nb，Ga，Zr＋Ga，Nb＋Ga）快淬带。发现Ga元素的添加对Nd2Fe14B相晶粒的C轴垂直于带面取向是有利的。复合添加Zr＋Ga或Nb＋Ga可获得较好的磁性能，并且进一步提高了快淬带晶粒的择优取向。取向度随厚度改变发生明显的变化，当带厚约为120μm时取向度最高。热处理可使淬带织构度增加，但导致晶粒粗化。利用深冷技术对纳米晶复合快淬带进行超低温处理。发现深冷处理有利于快淬带织构度的增强，且晶粒尺寸几乎不变。     

复合添加合金元素对纳米双相Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe永磁体微观结构和磁性能的影响

采用正交实验法系统地研究了复合添加合金元素Ga ,Nb ,Zr,Hf和Pr对纳米双相Nd9-xPrxFe86 .5-y -z -m -nGayNbzZrmHfnB4 .5(x =0 ,2 2 5 ;y ,z ,m ,n =0 .5 ,1.0 )快淬带微观结构和磁性能的影响。结果表明 :复合添加合金元素可以大大地降低Nd2 Fe1 4B和α Fe相的晶粒尺寸 ,并促使快淬带在低辊速下非晶化 ;在退火后样品带中 ,没有发现晶粒的不均匀长大 ,但大量添加合金元素会导致晶粒形貌不够理想。另一方面 ,由于各元素间的交互作用 ,复合添加合金元素使磁性能的变化规律非常复杂。实验发现 ,当Nb的含量为 0 .5 %时 ,增加Pr和Ga的添加量并降低Zr和Hf的添加量可以明显地改善磁性能。成分为Nd2 .2 5Pr6 .75Fe84 .5Ga1 .5Nb0 .5B4 .5的合金 ,在 15m·s- 1 辊速下获得的最佳磁性能为Jr=1.0 5 3T ,iHc=5 3 0 .9kA·m- 1 ,(BH) max=12 4kJ·m- 3。     

Nd10.5Pr2.5Fe80Nb1B6非晶快淬薄带等温晶化行为及矫顽力研究

研究了Nd10.5Pr2.5Fe80Nb1B6非晶快淬薄带在943,973和1003 K等温晶化与薄带组织和矫顽力的关系.结果表明,Nd10.5Pr2.5Fe80Nb1B6快淬薄带在943 K等温晶化所需晶化孕育时间为12 min,973 K时为5Inin,而1003 K时不足5lIlin.Ndl 0_5%,‰NbB6在1003K晶化25 min后所得的(Nd,Pr)2Fe14B平均晶粒尺寸为163 nm,添加Nb显著延缓了Nd10.5Pr2.5Fe80Nb1B6快淬薄带晶化后的晶粒尺寸长大.加Nb,Pr能有效提高Nd10.5Pr2.5Fe80Nb1B6的矫顽力.在973 K晶化处理19min时得到平均晶粒尺寸为96 nm的(Nd,Pr)2Fe14B单相组织,其最大矫顽力为1616 kA·m-1.     

单辊快淬法制备高性能各向异性Nd_2Fe_(14)B/α-Fe纳米复相永磁材料

采用熔体快淬工艺制备了成分为Nd-Fe-B-P和Nd-Fe-B-P-Zr快淬带,组织结构研究和磁性能研究表明:添加P元素有利于Nd2Fe14B相晶粒沿C轴择优取向,形成(00L)织构;(00L)织构的形成使材料产生各向异性,沿垂直带面方向:Hci=495 k A·m-1,Jr=1.18T,(BH)max=190 k J·m-3。进一步添加元素Zr虽然有利于晶粒细化,但却抑制了织构的形成,得到的合金条带为各向同性磁体。     

Nd10.1Fe(83.7-x-y)CoxZryB6.2永磁材料结构和磁性能的研究

采用熔体快淬及晶化热处理工艺制备Nd10.1Fe(83.7-x-y)CoxZryB6.2纳米晶永磁材料. 在快淬速度为18 m·s-1时, 经710 ℃/4 min晶化处理后, Nd10.1Fe76Co5Zr2.7B6.2粘结磁体出现最佳磁性能, 分别为Br=0.67 T, JHc=754 kA·m-1, (BH)max=75.1 kJ·m-3. 粘结磁体的磁性能对于快淬速度非常敏感. 随着合金元素的添加, 出现最佳磁性能的快淬速度逐渐减少. 为了得到最佳磁性能, 除了选择合适的快淬速度外, 添加合适的合金元素变得非常重要.添加Zr元素抑制了亚稳相的析出以及细化了晶粒尺寸.比较不加Zr元素的Nd10.1Fe78.7Co5B6.2, 添加Zr元素晶化温度增加了9 ℃, 表明Zr元素也增加了快淬薄带的热稳定性.     

铌和锆对(Nd,Pr)2Fe14B/α-Fe快淬合金晶化和磁性能的影响

研究了Nb和Zr添加对快淬纳米双相(Nd,Pr)2Fe14B/α-Fe合金晶化行为和磁性能的影响. 结果表明 (Nd0.4Pr0.6)8.5Fe85.5B6合金非晶晶化时, 在α-Fe相初始晶化后, 出现了(Nd,Pr)3Fe62B14亚稳相, 最终亚稳相分解形成(Nd,Pr)2Fe14B和α-Fe两相组织; (Nd0.4Pr0.6)8.5Fe84.5Nb0.5Zr0.5B6非晶晶化时, 同时析出α-Fe相和(Nd,Pr)2Fe14B相. 这说明添加Nb和Zr可避免亚稳相的形成并细化晶粒, 最大磁能积(BH)max从复合添加前的107.5上升到143.6 kJ·m-3. 而且, Nb和Zr原子在非晶晶化过程中可以部分取代Nd和Pr的晶位, 使稀土原子可以参与形成更多的硬磁相, 进一步提高了内禀矫顽力iHc. 合金(Nd0.4Pr0.6)8.5Fe84.5Zr0.5Nb0.5 B6经690 ℃退火10 min后磁性能最优, Br=1.10 T, iHc=534.2 kA·m-1, (BH)max=143.6 kJ·m-3.     

添加镝的Nd-Fe-B纳米晶单相合金的微结构与磁性能研究

采用单辊快淬法制备了Nd12.3-xDyxFe79.7Zr0.8Nb0.8Cu0.4B6.0(x=0,0.5,1.5,2.5)合金纳米晶单相永磁薄带,研究了合金薄带晶化处理后,成分、组织结构与磁性能之间的关系.X射线衍射分析(XRD)表明,淬态合金主要由非晶相和Nd2Fe14B相组成,完全晶化后由Nd2Fe14B相和少量α-Fe组成.高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)分析表明,经充分退火后,Nd2Fe14B晶体完整,晶粒间几乎没有边界相.随着Dy含量增加,晶粒尺寸细化,矫顽力大幅提高.x=0.5合金综合磁性能最佳,经过700℃晶化处理10min后,其磁性能为Jr=1.09 T,Hci=1048kA·m-1,(BH)max=169.5 kJ·m-3.     

双相纳米晶永磁体的研究

Nd8 .5Fe75Co5Cu1 Nb1 Zr3B6 .5合金熔体经 18m·s- 1 快淬 ,在 670℃ / 4min退火处理后 ,制备成的粘结磁体的最佳磁性能为 :Br=0 .68T(6 8kGs) ,JHc=62 0 .3kA·m- 1 (7 8kOe) ,(BH) max=74kJ·m- 3(9 3 3MGOe)。在低Nd合金中复合添加Zr和Cu ,提高了内禀矫顽力 ,改善了磁滞回线的矩形度 ,从而提高了最大磁能积。     

Nd-(Fe,Co,Zr)-B纳米复合磁体的研究

利用XRD,TEM和DTA研究了不同淬火辊速度、晶化处理温度与时间对α-Fe／Nd2Fe14B型Nd10.5Fe78.8-xCo5.0ZrxB5.7纳米晶复合磁体结构和磁性能的影响规律。冷却辊速为25m·s^-1的Nd10.5Fe78.8-xCo5.0ZrxB5.7快淬态条屑具有纳米晶复合磁体结构,不经晶化处理就可获得较好的永磁性能。研究了Zr的添加和晶粒尺寸对性能的影响规律。添加0．5％（原子分数）Zr的合金进行700℃×10min的晶化处理后可获得较好的永磁性能。分析了微观结构和性能变化的机制。     

添加铝对纳米合金Nd10.5Fe78-xCo5ZrxB6.5（x=0～5）的微观结构与磁性能的影响

研究了Zr元素对Nd10.5Fe78-xCo5ZrxB6.5(x=0，2，4，5)纳米晶双相永磁材料的磁性能与结构的影响。结果表明：适量地添加2％的Zr可以显著增强合金的内禀矫顽力，而且可以有效抑制α—Fe和Nd2Fe14B晶粒的长大，细化晶粒，改善结构。在Nd10.5Fe76Co5Zr2B6.5(x=2)合金中可以获得分布更加均匀、晶粒尺寸约为20nm的微观结构。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.