An efficient and solvent-free one-pot synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines under microwave irradiation

An efficient synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines using lanthanum oxide as a catalyst from aldehydes,β-ketoester and ammonium acetate without solvent under the irradiation of microwave is described.Compared with the classical Hantzsch reaction,this new method has the advantage of good yield(90-98%) and short reaction time(40-80 s).     

An expeditious and one-pot synthesis of unsymmetrical 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions

A one-pot synthesis of some unsymmetrical 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles via cyclocondensation of benzoylhydrazines with orthoesters under solvent-free and microwave conditions are described here. The reaction is efficiently catalyzed by silica- supported sulfuric acid as it provided the title compounds in high yields and relatively short times. The catalyst is reusable and can be applied several times without considerable decrease in the yields and rates of the reactions.     

Rapid and efficient one-pot synthesis of octahydroquinazolinone derivatives using lanthanum oxide under solvent-free condition

A simple, efficient and cost-effective method for the synthesis of octahydroquinazolinone derivatives using dimedone, urea/thiourea and aromatic aldehydes using lanthanum oxide as a catalyst under solvent free condition in microwave irradiation is reported. The present method does not involve any hazardous organic solvents. This catalyst has promising features for the reaction response such as the shortest reaction time, excellent product yields, simple work-up procedure and purification of products by non-chromatographic methods.     

Microwave-assisted efficient, one-pot, three-component synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles under solvent-free conditions

A novel synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles is described from a one-pot, three-component reaction between nitriles, hydroxylamine, and aldehydes under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions in excellent yields.     

Catalyst-free and solvent-free method for the synthesis of quinoxalines under microwave irradiation

A facile procedure for the synthesis.of quinoxalines is being reported starting from benzil and 1,2-diaminobenzene. Thereactions were carried out catalyst-free, solvent-free and under microwave irradiation conditions in high yield (84-98%) with short time (3-6 rain) and environmental benign, as well as convenient operation. The structures of all the compounds have been confirmed on the basis of their IR, 1H NMR, and/or 13C NMR, mass spectral data.     

Microwave-assisted efficient synthesis of spiro-fused heterocycles under solvent-free conditions

Spiro-fused heterocycles were synthesized in good to high yields by a pseudo four-component reaction of an aldehyde, urea and a cyclic β-diester or a β-diamide such as Meldrum’s acid or barbituric acid derivatives using microwave irradiation under solvent-free conditions.     

Zinc perchlorate catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones under solvent-free conditions

Abstract

In this paper, we report zinc perchlorate hexahydrate [Zn(ClO₄)₂?6H₂O] as a highly effective catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under solvent-free conditions. These improved reaction conditions allow the preparation of a wide variety of substituted dihydropyrimidinones in high yields and purity under mild reaction conditions. Compared with the classical Biginelli reaction, this method has the advantage of excellent yields and short reaction time in solvent-free conditions.     

A microwave-assisted, copper-catalyzed three-component synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones under mild conditions

The synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones via a clean multi-component Biginelli reaction under microwave irradiation is reported. The copper-catalyzed process proved to be simple, efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly.     

Solvent-free synthesis of 2-amino-4-arylthiazoles under microwave irradiation

2-Amino-4-arylthiazoles were prepared in a one-pot solvent-free procedure by reaction of p-substituted acetophenones with thiourea and iodine under microwave irradiation.     

An efficient Biginelli one-pot synthesis of new benzoxazole-substituted dihydropyrimidinones and thiones catalysed by trifluoro acetic acid under solvent-free conditions

An efficient synthesis of benzoxazole-substituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones(DHPMs) using trifluoro acetic acid as the catalyst for the first time from an aldehyde,β-keto ester and benzoxazole-substituted urea/thiourea under solvent-free conditions is described.Compared to the classical Biginelli reaction conditions,this new method consistently has the advantage of excellent yields(80-91%) and short reaction time(40-130 min) at reflux temperature.     

Phosphomolybdic acid-catalyzed efficient one-pot three-component aza-Diels-Alder reactions under solvent-free conditions: a facile synthesis of trans-fused pyrano- and furanotetrahydroquinolines

trans-Fused pyrano- and furanotetrahydroquinoline derivatives have been synthesized via a one-pot three-component aza-Diels-Alder reaction of aryl imines formed in situ from aromatic amines and arylaldehydes with cyclic enol ethers,such as 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and 2,3-dihydrofuran,in the presence of 1 mol % of phosphomolybdic acid under solvent-free conditions at room temperature in good to excellent yields.     

An efficient synthesis of 2-aryl-3-methoxy-2-cycloalkenones via Suzuki-Miyaura reaction under microwave irradiation

The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction of α-bromocycloalkenones with arylboronic acids has been developed by using microwave heating. This method provides a simple and rapid construction of small molecule libraries of α-arylcycloalkenones with high efficiency.     

An efficient one-pot, two-step synthesis of 4-substituted 1-heteroarylpiperazines under microwave irradiation conditions

A highly efficient one-pot, two-step microwave procedure has been developed for the synthesis of 4-substituted 1-heteroarylpiperazines. Microwave heating of heteroaryl chlorides with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) at 160 °C for 15 min yielded 1-heteroaryl-4-(2-chloroethyl)piperazines, which could be further reacted with various nucleophiles, again under microwave irradiation conditions, to give an array of 4-substituted 1-heteroarylpiperazines in good to excellent yields.     

A novel and efficient strategy for the synthesis of various carbamates using carbamoyl chlorides under solvent-free and grinding conditions using microwave irradiation

We present an efficient,fast and simple strategy of generating the intermediate carbamoyl chlorides from secondary amines using stoichiometric amounts of bis(trichloromethyl)carbonate(BTC) in solution and solvent-free conditions with excellent yields.The results obtained showed the yield increasing on whether a base was used.Finally,an efficient and rapid synthesis of variety carbamate derivatives was developed by the reaction with a high variety of different alcohols,phenols,diols and this intermediate at room temperature with grinding and in solvent-free conditions under microwave irradiation.The presence of various safe bases is shown to be effective in reducing the reaction times,increasing the yields and easing purification.The present method does not involve any hazardous phosgene.     

Microwave-assisted simple, one-pot, four-component synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyrimidines under solvent-free conditions

2,4,6-Triarylpyrimidines are synthesized via a simple, one-pot, four-component reaction between aryl methyl ketones, benzaldehydes, aromatic nitriles, and hydroxylamine under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions in good to excellent yields.     

Microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis of octahydroquinazolinone derivatives using ammonium metavanadate under solvent-free condition

Ammonium metavanadate (NH₄VO₃) has been shown to be an inexpensive, efficient, and mild catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of octahydroquinazolinone derivatives using dimedone, urea/thiourea, and appropriate aromatic aldehydes under microwave-irradiation.     

An efficient and novel method for the synthesis of sulfinate esters under solvent-free conditions

The present letter describes a reliable one-stage process for the preparation of sulfinate esters from the corresponding sulfinic acid and alcohols in the presence of N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) under solvent-free conditions.     

Immobilized ionic liquid on superparamagnetic nanoparticles as an effective catalyst for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted imidazoles under solvent-free conditions and microwave irradiation

The ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) imidazolium chloride was immobilized on superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (IL-MNPs) and used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles under solvent-free conditions using microwave irradiation. The reactions in conventional heating conditions were compared with the microwave-assisted reactions. The combined merits of microwave irradiation and immobilized ionic liquid on superparamagnetic nanoparticles make the four-component condensation with safe operation, low pollution, and rapid access to products and simple work-up.     

Facile and efficient synthesis of quinoline-4-carboxylic acids under microwave irradiation

<正>A facile and efficient method for the preparation of 2-non-substituted quinoline-4-carboxylic acids is described via the Pfitzinger reaction of isatins with sodium pyruvate following consequent decarboxylation under microwave irradiation.     

Erlenmeyer azlactone synthesis with aliphatic aldehydes under solvent-free microwave conditions

2-Phenyl-5(4H)-oxazolone (azlactone) reacts with aliphatic aldehydes upon adsorption on neutral alumina and irradiation with microwaves (<2 min). The corresponding condensation products are obtained in good yields (62-78%), indicating the satisfactory resolution of a long-standing problem plaguing the classical Erlenmeyer synthesis (poor results with aliphatic aldehydes). Plausible mechanistic reasons for the success of the procedure are discussed.