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X射线数字化成像系统的不足主要表现在成像末端耦合约束、微焦点约束瓶颈以及单光子成像缺陷与量子噪声约束等方面,利用传统的数字图像处理手段很难实现有效的图像滤波,而复杂的滤波算法进一步限制了其工程使用效果。为了提高X射线成像系统的光学传递能力与系统抗噪声能力,本文首先以热激发X辐射源与X射线像增强器为例,从系统层面探索成像遇到的诸多技术瓶颈,并在此基础上提出了一种针对X射线成像的积分滤波方法。然后,将空间频率固定的铅制光栅作为被测目标,通过改变中继光学耦合系统的物像关系使得像方空间频率在一定区间内连续改变,进而通过大量的实验数据实现在不同积分时间条件下的光学传递函数精确拟合。接着,分别从光学传递函数积分效果与归一化后的基频传递特性的角度验证了该滤波方法可以有效压制热触发源引入的量子噪声,避免图像产生单光子成像缺陷。实验数据表明:该方法可以提升系统成像的光学传递能力。最后,通过帧叠加与积分滤波的对比效果验证了该滤波方法的优越性。 相似文献
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模糊权值中值滤波的X射线图像消噪算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对X射线荧光图像的低亮度及噪音造成的对比度差和图像模糊的问题,提出了一种模糊权值中值滤波的图像消噪算法.先用模糊邻域检测法结合梯度检测法分离原始图像中的噪音点与非噪音点,然后在噪音点的邻域内,计算各像素点与邻域中值的模糊相似度,用相似度作中值的权值,对噪音点邻域进行加权滤波;这种算法使图像的非噪音点保持不变.实验结果表明,本文算法不仅具有较强的消噪能力,而且能够保持图像的边缘细节和纹理信息. 相似文献
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针对X射线荧光图像的低亮度及噪音造成的对比度差和图像模糊的问题,提出了一种模糊权值中值滤波的图像消噪算法.先用模糊邻域检测法结合梯度检测法分离原始图像中的噪音点与非噪音点,然后在噪音点的邻域内,计算各像素点与邻域中值的模糊相似度,用相似度作中值的权值,对噪音点邻域进行加权滤波|这种算法使图像的非噪音点保持不变.实验结果表明, 本文算法不仅具有较强的消噪能力,而且能够保持图像的边缘细节和纹理信息. 相似文献
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随着科技的发展,适用于结构分析的传统单能X射线计算机层析(CT)成像技术,已不能满足现代工业对物质组分区分与鉴定的功能成像需求。这是由于在X射线CT系统中,现有重建算法的单能假设与CT投影的多谱性不一致,导致CT重建质量差,无法组分区分。基于光子计数探测器的能谱分离成像思想,提出了基于能谱滤波分离的多谱CT成像方法,该方法通过在X射线发射端加滤波片的方式,实现能谱滤波分离,并通过变能量成像,获得近似单能的递变能量投影序列;针对滤波后噪声水平较高问题,利用EM-TV重建算法,实现了多谱CT成像,可满足组分区分的需求。仿真实验结果表明,对于密度相近的检测对象,该方法可以满足组分区分的要求。 相似文献
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本文介绍了利用曲线拟合的方法消除X光照相图像中的噪声。受X光照相系统的限制,X光照相图象一般信噪比很低。传统的消噪声方法,如均值滤波、中值滤波,很难在保证有效消除噪声的同时不对信号造成较大的损失。本文利用曲线拟合的方法对图象进行消噪声处理、地拟合曲线参数的调节,成功地做到在消除图象噪声的同时,较好地保留了图象的非噪声信息。对实际图象的处理结果表明,对于底片接收系统的颗粒噪声,该方法比传统的消噪声方法具有更大的优越性。 相似文献
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基于彩色数字图像处理的自动调焦技 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
针对彩色图像讨论了基于数字图像处理技术的自动调焦算法.根据彩色图像的特点,选取了能够表现图像清晰度的两种矢量范数——L1范数和L2范数分别作为粗略调焦和精确调焦的评价函数,以实现系统在大范围内的精确调焦.为了提高图像的质量,采用了既能保持图像细节又能滤除脉冲和高斯噪声的中值滤波算法和均值滤波算法相结合的矢量中值均值滤波器.实验结果表明,本调焦算法能够在大范围内调节焦距,且具有较高的调焦精度,调焦速度较快. 相似文献
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Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs. 相似文献
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S. G. Nedel’ko M. A. Krysyuk A. L. Apanasenko L. N. Lymarenko Z. T. Moroz 《Journal of Applied Spectroscopy》1997,64(1):55-61
Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped
with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly
described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation
(5.5·104 Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum
cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics
of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure
crystals is analyzed (preliminarily).
Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997. 相似文献
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A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output. 相似文献
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The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper. 相似文献
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We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed. 相似文献
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Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell. 相似文献
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A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques. 相似文献
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Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing. 相似文献
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Yepeng Guan 《中国光学快报(英文版)》2008,6(6)
Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate. 相似文献