六聚同多酸阴离子M_6O_(19)~(n-)(M=Mo,W,n=2;M=Nb,Ta,n=8)电子结构和化学性质的密度泛函理论研究

采用B3LYP方法在LanL2DZ水平上计算了六聚同多阴离子 (M6On-19,M =Mo和W ,n =2 ;M =Nb和Ta ,n =8)的电子结构 ,分析了它们的前线轨道、分子静电势 (MEP) .计算结果表明 ,Nb6O8-19和Ta6O8-19是电子给体 ,而Mo6O2 -19和W6O2 -19则是电子受体 ,这与它们在溶液中具有不同的化学性质是一致的     

Lindqvist型[M6-nMonO19]p-阴离子（M=W,Nb,Ta）电子性质的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法探讨了取代Mo原子对[W6-nMonO19]2-,[Nb6-nMonO19]p-和[Ta6-nMonO19]p-体系的M—Ot(M=W,Nb,Ta)键的活化作用.计算结果表明,随着取代Mo原子数的增多,[M6-nMonO19]2-(M=W,Nb,Ta)中M—Ot键的键能逐渐减小,因此Mo原子的引入使M—Ot键活化.在[W6-nMonO19]2-中,Mo—Ot键的键能小于W—Ot键的键能,因此,Mo—Ot键比W—Ot键易断裂,与实验结果一致.而在[Nb6-nMonO19]p-和[Ta6-nMonO19]p-体系中,Mo—Ot键的键能大于M—Ot(M=Nb,Ta)键的键能.Nb和Ta原子的端氧Ot的电荷大于Mo原子的端氧Ot的电荷,初步预测,当[Nb6-nMonO19]p-和[Ta6-nMonO19]p-与有机胺反应时,Nb—Ot和Ta—Ot键优先断裂,易与有机胺的氮原子成键.     

Dawson结构杂多阴离子(P2M18O62)6-(M=Mo,W)的电子结构和催化性质的理论研究

用第一原理密度泛函理论的离散变分方法(DFT-DVM)计算典型的Dawson结构杂多阴离子(P₂M₁₈O₆₂)^6-(M=Mo,W)的电子结构,比较两者之间的差异。结果表明,Dawson结构中极位和赤道位的原子有不同的化学行为,还原电子将主要进入赤道位的金属原子。(P₂Mo₈O₆₂)^6-的反应活性中心主要是配位金属原子Mo、极位桥氧O_pb、赤道位端氧O_et和赤道位中心氧O_ei;(P₂W₁₈O₆₂)^6-的反应活性中心主要是配位金属原子W、极位桥氧O_pb、赤道位端氧O_et.(P₂Mo₈O₆₂)^6-的氧化性强于(P₂W₁₈O₆₂)^6-,而酸性则与此相反。这与Keggin结构(PM₁₂O₄₀)^3-杂多阴离子的情况相同。     

金属四重键化合物M2X4(PMe3)4(M=Cr,Mo,W;X=F,Cl,Br,I)结构和电子光谱的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法,在TZ2P-STO基组水平下,对金属四重键化合物M2Cl4(PMe3)4(M=Cr,Mo,W)和Mo2X4(PMe3)4(X=F,Cl,Br,I)的几何结构进行优化,分析了电子结构,并运用TDDFT方法对其低占据激发态进行了计算.考虑相对论效应的ZORA方法能够较好地重现M2X4(PMe3)4的几何结构.M2X4(PMe3)4的电子结构分析表明其d电子的组态为σ2π4δ2,前线轨道能级顺序为πlig<πd/σd<δd<δd*.金属原子和卤素配体的改变虽然使轨道能量发生变化,但没有影响轨道的排布顺序.TDDFT方法对M2X4(PMe3)4δd→δd*和πd→δd*跃迁能量的计算较为准确,对πlig→δd*(LMCT)跃迁能量的计算误差较大.金属原子、卤素配体以及相对论效应对激发能的影响可以根据分子轨道能级的变化给予解释.     

小镍团簇Nin(n=2～6)电子结构和拓扑分析

在UBP86/TZVP水平上计算了小镍团簇(Ni<,n>,n=2～6)的稳定基态结构并用自然键轨道(NBO)和分子中的原子量子理论(QTAIM)分析了这些团簇的电子结构.计算结果表明,Ni团簇基态结构具有较高自旋多重度.QTAIM分析表明镍团簇中Ni-Ni键均为金属键.除Ni<,2>团簇中Ni-Ni键为纯粹的σ键外,其...     

Sin/Si-n(n=2-6)的结构和电子亲合能的密度泛函理论研究

选用四种不同的密度泛函理论方法(B3LYP,BLYP,BP86,B3P86),在全电子的双ζ加极化加弥散函数基组(DZP++)下,研究Sin/Si-n (n=2 -6 )体系的结构和电子亲合能.预测Si2 /Si-2 ,Si3 /Si-3 ,Si4 /Si-4 ,Si5 /Si-5 和Si6 /Si-6 的基态结构分别为C∞h(3Σ-g ) /C∞h(2Σ+g ),D3h(3A′2 ) /C2υ(2A1 ),D2h(1Ag) /D2h(2B2g),D3h(1A′1 ) /D3h(2A″2 )和C2υ(1A1 ) /D4h(2A2u).在电子亲合能方面,B3LYP方法预测的电子亲合能是最可靠的.预测Si2,Si3,Si4,Si5和Si6的电子亲合能分别为 2. 05, 2. 34, 2. 16, 2. 48和 2. 13eV.     

MX2(AsH3)2(M=Pd,Pt;X=Cl,Br,I)的含时密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函方法(B3LYP)优化了MX2(AsH3)2[M=Pd；X=Cl(1)，Br(2)，I(3)和M=Pt；X=Cl(4)，Br(5)，I(6)]的基态结构，得到的几何参数与实验结果符合．以基态几何为基础，将TD-DFT方法用于计算标题配合物的电子吸收光谱．研究结果表明，金属的dx2-y2与配体所组成的反键轨道为LUMO轨道，从而该类配合物具有d-d跃迁属性的吸收带；在多数跃迁过程中，配体也有较大的贡献．     

双帽Keggin型杂多阴离子[PM12O40(VO)2]n-(M=Mo,n=5; M=V,n=9)的离散变分方法研究

使用密度泛函理论的离散变分方法(DFT-DVM)研究了双帽Keggin型杂多阴离子[PM₁₂O₄₀(VO)₂]^n--(M=Mo,n=5; M=V,n=9),即[PMo₁₂O₄₀(VO)₂]^5- (a)和[PV₁₂O₄₀(VO)₂]^9- (b)的电子结构,讨论了双帽的形成对Keggin型杂多阴离子的电子结构和催化性质的影响,并与其Keggin型杂多阴离子(PM₁₂O₄₀)_n-(M=Mo,n=3; M=V,n=15)的计算结果进行了对比分析,计算结果表明,双帽的形成对Keggin型杂多阴离子的电子结构产生了很大的影响,因而它们在催化活性上可能会表现出较大的差异.     

金属四重键化合物M2X4（PMe3）4（M=Cr，Mo，W;X=F，CI，Br，I）结构和电子光谱的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法，在TZ2P-STO基组水平下，对金属四重键化合物M2Cl4（PMe3）4（M=Cr，Mo，W）和Mo2X4（PMe3）4（X=F，Cl，Br，I）的几何结构进行优化，分析了电子结构，并运用TDDFT方法对其低占据激发态进行了计算．考虑相对论效应的ZORA方法能够较好地重现M2X4（PMe3）4的几何结构．M2X4（PMe3）4的电子结构分析表明其d电子的组态为σ^2π^4δ^2，前线轨道能级顺序为πlig〈πd／σd〈δd〈δd^＊．金属原子和卤素配体的改变虽然使轨道能量发生变化，但没有影响轨道的排布顺序．TDDFT方法对M2Xa（PMe3）4δd→δd^＊和π→δd^＊跃迁能量的计算较为准确，对πlig→δd^＊（LMCT）跃迁能量的计算误差较大．金属原子、卤素配体以及相对论效应对激发能的影响可以根据分子轨道能级的变化给予解释．     

(Mo_3S_4)_2M~(8+)(M=Mo,Sn,Cu_2)型夹心簇合物的电子结构研究

经对一系列夹心簇合物(H_2O)_9Mo_3S_4MS_4Mo_3(H_2O)_9~(8+)(M=Mo,Sn,Cu_2)的量子化学计算和分析,发现该簇合物是通过配体Mo_3S_4~(4+)中的多中心d-pπ轨道与中心原子键合成簇,其成簇机理与经典的以有机共轭环为配体的夹心配合物十分相似,研究了夹心簇的构型、磁性及电子光谱等性质的分子轨道本质,揭示了多中心d-pπ键的变化与簇合物性质的内在联系。     

Electronic Structure of TiAl-2M(M=V,Nb,Ta,Cr,Mo,W,Mn) Alloy

1INTRODUCTIONTitaniumaluminidesbasedonY-TiAlarereceivingconsiderableattentionaspo-tentialcandidatesformaterialsinhightemperatureaerospaceapplication.Theirlowdensity,hightemperaturescreepresistance,highoxidationresistanceandstrengthmakesthemexcellentpotentialenginematerials.Howevertheirlowductilityandlowfracturetoughnessatroom'temperaturesaremajorhindrancestotheirpracticaluti-lization.TheTiAlalloymayhaveanelongationabout2%t'},furtherimprovementisnecessarybeforethesematerialscouldbeusedin…     

[M6Om(C25N4H18)n]2-(M=W, Mo; n=1, 2; m=17,18)的二阶非线性光学性质的理论研究

运用密度泛函理论(DFT)的BP86方法, 对[M6Om(C25N4H18)n]2-(M=W, Mo; n=1, 2; m=17,18)进行了几何结构优化, 其中Mo系列结构化合物优化的几何结构与实验值吻合较好. 在净电场为零的条件下, 运用DFT/LB94方法计算了体系的二阶非线性光学系数β值: 体系1和2的βvec值分别为154.4×10-30和124.8×10-30 esu. 表明它们具有较大的二阶非线性光学系数, 且Mo系列比W系列的β值大. 而体系3和4的βvec值分别为218.0×10-30和191.8×10-30 esu. 体系3和4的βvec值分别比体系1和2的大, 表明增加给体的数目有利于提高NLO响应, 但都小于它们的2倍.     

Stability,Infrared Spectra and Electronic Structures of (ZrO2)n(n=3-6)Clusters:DFT Study

The stability, infrared spectra and electronic structures of (ZrO₂)_n (n=3–6) clusters have been investigated by using density‐functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6‐31G* level. The lowest‐energy structures have been recognized by considering a number of structural isomers for each cluster size. It is found that the lowest‐energy (ZrO₂)₅ cluster is the most stable among the (ZrO₂)_n (n=3–6) clusters. The vibration spectra of Zr? O stretching motion from terminal oxygen atom locate between 900 and 1000 cm^?1, and the vibrational band of Zr? O? Zr? O four member ring is obtained at 600–700 cm^?1, which are in good agreement with the experimental results. Mulliken populations and NBO charges of (ZrO₂)_n clusters indicate that the charge transfers occur between 4d orbital of Zr atoms and 2p orbital of O atoms. HOMO‐LUMO gaps illustrate that chemical stabilities of the lowest‐energy (ZrO₂)_n (n=3–6) clusters display an even‐odd alternating pattern with increasing cluster size.     

Robust, alkali-stable, triscarbonyl metal derivatives of hexametalate anions, [M6O19[M'(CO)3]n](8-n)- (M = Nb, Ta; M' =Mn, Re; n = 1, 2)

Ten 1:1 and 2:1 complexes of [Mn(CO)(3)](+) and [Re(CO)(3)](+) with [Nb(6)O(19)](8)(-) and [Ta(6)O(19)](8)(-) have been isolated as potassium salts in good yields and characterized by elemental analysis, (17)O NMR and infrared spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray structure determinations. Crystal data for 1 (t-Re(2)Ta(6)): empirical formula, K(4)Na(2)Re(2)C(6)Ta(6)O(35)H(20), monoclinic, space group, C2/m, a = 17.648(3) A, b = 10.056(1) A, c = 13.171(2) A, beta = 112.531(2) degrees, Z = 2. 2 (t-Re(2)Nb(6)): empirical formula, K(6)Re(2)C(6)Nb(6)O(38)H(26), monoclinic, space group, C2/m, a = 17.724(1) A, b = 10.0664(6) A, c = 13.1965(7) A, beta = 112.067(1) degrees, Z = 2. 3 (t-Mn(2)Nb(6)): empirical formula, K(6)Mn(2)C(6)Nb(6)O(37)H(24), monoclinic, space group, C2/m, a = 17.812(2) A, b = 10.098(1) A, c = 13.109(2) A, beta = 112.733(2) degrees, Z = 2. 4 (c-Mn(2)Nb(6)): empirical formula, K(6)Mn(2)C(6)Nb(6)O(50)H(50), triclinic, space group, P1, a = 10.2617(6) A, b = 13.4198(8) A, c = 21.411(1) A, alpha = 72.738(1) degrees, beta = 112.067(1) degrees, gamma = 83.501(1) degrees, Z = 2. 5 (c-Re(2)Nb(6)): empirical formula, K(6)Re(2)C(6)Nb(6)O(54)H(58), monoclinic, space group, P2(1)/c, a = 21.687(2) A, b = 10.3085(9) A, c = 26.780(2) A, beta = 108.787(1) degrees, Z = 4. The complexes contain M(CO)(3) groups attached to the surface bridging oxygen atoms of the hexametalate anions to yield structures of nominal C(3)(v)() (1:1), D(3)(d)() (trans 2:1), and C(2)(v)() (cis 2:1) symmetry. The syntheses are carried out in aqueous solution or by aqueous hydrothermal methods, and the complexes have remarkably high thermal, redox, and hydrolytic stabilities. The Re-containing compounds are stable to 400-450 degrees C, at which point CO loss occurs. The Mn compounds lose CO at temperatures above 200 degrees C. Cyclic voltammetry of all complexes in 0.1 M sodium acetate show no redox behavior, except an irreversible oxidation process at approximately 1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl. In contrast to the parent hexametalate anions that are stable only in alkaline (pH >10) solution, the new complexes are stable, at least kinetically, between pH 4 and pEta approximately 12.     

Structure and infrared spectroscopy of group 6 transition-metal carbonyls in the gas phase: DFT studies on M(CO)n (M = Cr, Mo, and W; n = 6, 5, 4, and 3)

B3LYP-based density functional theory (DFT) calculations with effective core potentials (ECPs) (LANL2DZ) on M and 6-311+G(2d) all-electron basis function sets on C and O are used to interpret the symmetry characteristic vibrational absorption patterns of CO ligands in the "naked" coordinatively unsaturated transition-metal carbonyls M(CO)n-1 (M = Cr, Mo, and W; n = 4-6) observed by a time-resolved infrared absorption spectroscopy after the UV pulse laser photolysis of M(CO)6 in the gas phase. The UV photolysis results can be reasonably explained by the trends in the calculated bond dissociation enthalpies of M(CO)n-1-CO for group 6 metal carbonyls. M(CO)n-1 produced through one CO elimination from M(CO)n is found out to keep its parent skeleton, resulting in the structure with symmetry of C4v for M(CO)5, C2v for M(CO)4, and C3v for M(CO)3.     

Electronic structures and properties of eight-coordinate metal-polyarsenic complexes MAs8n- (M = V,Nb, Ta,Cr, Mo,W, Mn,Tc, Re)

The eight-coordinate early transition metal polyarsenic complexes, MAs(8)3- (M = V, Nb, Ta), MAs(8)2- (M = Cr, Mo, W), and MAs8- (M = Mn, Tc, Re), have been studied using density functional theory (DFT). The geometry optimizations of these complexes indicate that in the most stable structures the transition metal atoms are trapped in a crownlike cavity consisting of a zigzag eight-membered ring of As8 cluster. The scalar-relativistic effects and spin-orbit coupling effects on the electronic structures and energy levels were taken into account. The stabilities of gas-phase MAs8n- ions and bonding between the As8 ring and early transition metals are discussed on the basis of population analysis, atomization energies, and decomposition reaction energies. All these complex ions are found to be diamagnetic with notable HOMO-LUMO energy gaps. The vibrational frequencies and infrared absorption intensities of the MAs8n- series are predicted theoretically. Brief theoretical calculations of the similar MoA(8)2- pnictide ions indicate that the analogous P, Sb, and even Bi complexes are likely to be stable, whereas the crownlike MoN(8)2- is not a stable complex.     

ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Structures and Properties of Eight‐Coordinate Metal—Polyarsenic Complexes MAs8n‐ (M: V,Nb, Ta,Cr, Mo,W, Mn,Tc, Re)

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