EFFECTS OF MICROSTRUCTURE ON THE MACROSCOPIC ELASTO-PLASTIC PROPERTIES OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

The generalized self-consistent finite-element iterative averaging method was adopted toanalyze the elasto-plastic tensile properties of SiC whiskers reinforced aluminum matrix composites.The effects of varying fiber's aspect ratio and volume fraction on the macroscopic elasto-plastic defor-mation of the composites were studied.By the analysis of microscopic stress fields,the relation be-tween the propagation of the elasto-plastic region in the matrix and the macroscopic elasto-plastic de-formation of composites was discussed.It was found that the propagation of the plastic region in thematrix between the fiber's ends would affect prominently the elasto-plastic tensile behaviour of thecomposites.It was shown that the characterization of the stress-strain response in terms of the 0.2%offset yield strength is incomplete.     

STATISTIC MODELING OF THE CREEP BEHAVIOR OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES BASED ON FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｃｒｅｅｐｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒｏｆｓｈｏｒｔｆｉｂｅｒｒｅｉｎｆｏｒｃｅＭｅｔａｌＭａｔｒｉｘＣｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅｓ (ＭＭＣｓ)ｄｅｐｅｎｄｓｏｎｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｆａｃｔｏｒｓ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｔｈｅｃｒｅｅｐｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｍａｔｒｉｘ ,ｅｌａｓｔｉｃａｎｄｆｒａｃｔｕｒｅｓｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｂｅｒ,ｇｅｏｍｅｔｒｉｃｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｂｅｒｓ,ａｒｒａｎｇｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｂｅｒｓａｎｄｔｈｅｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｆ…     

A CONDENSED METHOD FOR LINEAR COMPLEMENTARY EQUATIONS OF ELASTO－PLASTIC PROBLEMS

ＡＣＯＮＤＥＮＳＥＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＬＩＮＥＡＲＣＯＭＰＬＥＭＥＮＴＡＲＹＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＥＬＡＳＴＯ－ＰＬＡＳＴＩＣＰＲＯＢＬＥＭＳＹｉｎＦｕｘｉｎ（殷福新）ＳｕｎＨｕａｎｃｈｕｎ（孙焕纯）（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＪｕｌｙ２５．１９９４）ＡＣＯＮ...     

A CONDENSED METHOD FOR LINEAR COMPLEMENTARY EQUATION OF ELASTO－PLASTIC PROBLEMS

ＡＣＯＮＤＥＮＳＥＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＬＩＮＥＡＲＣＯＭＰＬＥＭＥＮＴＡＲＹＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＥＬＡＳＴＯ－ＰＬＡＳＴＩＣＰＲＯＢＬＥＭＳＹｉｎＦｕｘｉｎ（殷福新），ＳｕｎＨｕａｎｃｈｕｎ（孙焕纯）（ＲｅｃｅｉｎｅｄＪｕｌｙ２５．１９９４）ＡＣＯ...     

A FURTHER STUDY OF THE THEORY OF ELASTIC CIRCULAR PLATES WITH NON－KIRCHHOFF－LOVE ASSUMPTIONS

ＡＦＵＲＴＨＥＲＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＴＨＥＴＨＥＯＲＹＯＦＥＬＡＳＴＩＣＣＩＲＣＵＬＡＲＰＬＡＴＥＳＷＩＴＨＮＯＮ－ＫＩＲＣＨＨＯＦＦ－ＬＯＶＥＡＳＳＵＭＰＴＩＯＮＳＣｈｉｅｎＷｅｉ－ｚａｎｇ（钱伟长）ＲｕＸｕｅ－ｐｉｎｇ（茹学萍）（ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＵｎｉ...     

EVOLUTION OF THE MICROCRACKS IN WHISKER TOUGHENING CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

The modified equivalent inclusion theory by the authors and the internalvariable theory are employed to investigate the evolution of the microcracks in whiskertoughening ceramics and the influence of the microcracks on the mechanical propertiesof the material. The effect of residual thermostrain, whisker content and aspect ratio isconsidered. The modulus, initial nonlinear load, strength and nonlinear constitutiverelation are calculated and some important conclusions are given.     

STUDY ON TENSILE FAILURE MECHANISM AND HYBRID EFFECT OF INTRAPLY HYBRID COMPOSITES

The random critical-core model is adapted to investigate the tensile failure mech-anism and hybrid effect of unidirectionally arrayed hybrid composites with alternating low andhigh elongation fibers.By utilizing the model in conjunction with the results of the stress con-centration analysis in which the interfacial damage between fiber and matrix is considered,amicroscopic statistical analysis of both the first failure and ultimate failure of hybrids is per-formed.The variations of the first failure strain,the ultimate failure strain and the hybrid effectas the interfacial shear strength are obtained quantitatively.The concept of the hybrid effect forstrains has been clarified.The present results are compared with available experiment data anda reasonable agreement is found between the analytical predictions and the experimental results.     

PLASTIC POST－BUCKLING OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED COLUMN WITH A SOLID RECTANGULAR CROSS－SECTION

ＰＬＡＳＴＩＣＰＯＳＴ－ＢＵＣＫＬＩＮＧＯＦＡＳＩＭＰＬＹＳＵＰＰＯＲＴＥＤＣＯＬＵＭＮＷＩＴＨＡＳＯＬＩＤＲＥＣＴＡＮＧＵＬＡＲＣＲＯＳＳ－ＳＥＣＴＩＯＮＣｈｅｎｇＹａｏｓｈｕｎ（程尧舜）（ＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎ...     

THE VALIDITY OF THE MODIFIED MORI-TANAKA METHOD FOR COMPOSITES WITH SLIGHTLY WEAKENED INTERFACE

This paper presents a direct Mori-Tanaka approach to calculate the effective moduli ofparticle-reinforced composites and fiber-reinforced composites with spring like imperfect interfaces.Bya comparison between these results and those obtained from the approximate Mori-Tanaka method de-veloped by Qu for composites with slightly weakened interface,the validity of the Qu's method is re-vealed.     

THE STUDY ON A KIND OF CONTROL SYSTEM WITH NONLINEAR PARABOLIC DISTRIBUTED PARAMETERS

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｔｈｅａｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓｓｕｃｈａｓｔｈｅａｅｒｏｓｐａｃｅｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇｈｅａｔｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎ[1,2 ],ｔｈｅｌａｒｇｅ＿ｓｃａｌｅｃｏｎｃｒｅｔｅｐｏｕｒｉｎｇ ,ｔｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ ,ｔｈｅｐｏｗｄｅｒｍｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｙａｎｄｔｈｅｆｉｒｅｓａｆｅｔｙｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ[3,4],ｔｈｅｒｅｉｓｏｎｅｋｉｎｄｏｆｎｏｎｌｉｎｅａｒｐａｒａｂｏｌｉｃｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｓｙｓｔｅｍｗｉｔｈｍｏｖｉ…     

The effective properties of composites with fiber-end cracks

The paper describes use of self-consistent finite element method (SCFEM) for predicting effective properties of fiber composite with partially debonded interface. The effective longitudinal Young's modulus and shear modulus for unidirectional fiber reinforced composites with fiber-end cracks are calculated. Numerical results show that the effective properties are considerably influenced by the fiber-end cracks. The effects of microstructural parameters, such as fiber volume fraction, modulus ratio of the constituents and fiber aspect, on the effective properties of the composites were discussed. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

界面特性对短纤维金属基复合材料蠕变行为的影响

基于短纤维增强金属基复合材料(MMC)的单纤维三维模型(三相)，利用粘弹性有限元分析方法对影响金属基复合材料的蠕变行为的因素进行了较为系统的分析。研究中主要讨论了界面特性和纤维取向角对金属基复合材料的蠕变性能的影响。研究结果发现，界面特性诸如厚度、模量和应力指数都对纤维最大轴应力和稳定蠕变率产生影响：稳态蠕变率随界面模量的增大而逐渐减小，当高于基体模量时基本保持不变；纤维轴应力的变化与蠕变率正好相反。稳态蠕变率随界面厚度、应力指数的增加而增大；而轴应力则随之减小。同时不同的纤维取向也影响金属基复合材料蠕变时的轴应力分布和稳态蠕变率。     

Fallopian tube assessment of the peristaltic-ciliary flow of a linearly viscous fluid in a finite narrow tube

The present theoretical assessment deals with the peristaltic-ciliary transport of a developing embryo within a fallopian tubal fluid in the human fallopian tube. A mathematical model of peristalsis-cilia induced flow of a linearly viscous fluid within a fallopian tubal fluid in a finite two-dimensional narrow tube is developed. The lubrication approximation theory is used to solve the resulting partial differential equation. The expressions for axial and radial velocities, pressure gradient, stream function, volume flow rate, and time mean volume flow rate are derived. Numerical integration is performed for the appropriate residue time over the wavelength and the pressure difference over the wavelength. Moreover, the plots of axial velocity, the appropriate residue time over wavelength, the vector, the pressure difference over wavelength, and the streamlines are displayed and discussed for emerging parameters and constants. Salient features of the pumping characteristics and the trapping phenomenon are discussed in detail. Furthermore, a comparison between the peristaltic flow and the peristaltic-ciliary flow is made as the special case. Relevance of the current results to the transport of a developing embryo within a fallopian tubal fluid from ampulla to the intramural in the fallopian tube is also explored. It reveals the fact that cilia along with peristalsis helps to complete the required mitotic divisions while transporting the developing embryo within a fallopian tubal fluid in the human fallopian tube.     

界面对金属基复合材料轴向弹塑性拉伸性能的影响及局部应力场的分析

本文建立在广义自洽有限元迭代平均化方法的基础上，计算了存在弹性界面相的ＳｉＣ晶须增强铝基复合材料的轴向弹塑性拉伸性能。研究了界面厚度以及界面在不同纤维长径比和体分比情况下对复合材料轴向拉伸性能的影响。本文同时分析了界面材料性质的分布形式对复合材料的拉伸性能及局部应力场的影响     

Analysis of stress concentrations in unidirectional composites taking into account the tensile load in the matrix

A modified shear-lag model accounting for the effect of the tensile stiffness of the matrix is proposed for solving the stress redistribution due to the failure of fibers and matrix in unidirectionally fibre-reinforced composites. The advantages of this model are simple, reasonable and accurate by comparison with the other similar modified shear-lag models. It can be further extended to study the stress redistribution with interfacial damage between fibres and matrix. This paper quantitatively discusses the influence of the tensile stiffness ratio of matrix to fibre and of the fibre volume fraction on the stress concentration in the fibres and matrix adjacent to cut fibres and matrix, and suggests that the influence of the matrix stiffness on the stress concentration can be neglected when the matrix stiffness is low, such as polymer matrix composites, and the fibre volume fraction is high. For other cases such as ceramic and metal matrix composites, the tensile load of the matrix cannot be neglected in the shearlag analysis. The project supported by the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Meso-mechanical constitutive model for ratchetting of particle-reinforced metal matrix composites

Based on the Eshelby equivalent inclusion theory and Mori-Tanaka averaging method, a meso-mechanical cyclic elasto-plastic constitutive model is proposed to predict the ratchetting of particle-reinforced metal matrix composites. In the proposed model, a Hill-typed incremental formulation is used to simulate the elasto-plastic responses of the composites during cyclic loading with assumptions of elastic particle, elasto-plastic metal matrix and perfect interfacial bond between metal matrix and particles. A new nonlinear kinematic hardening rule extended from the Ohno-Abdel-Karim model [M. Abdel-Karim, N. Ohno, Kinematic hardening model suitable for ratchetting with steady-state, Int. J. Plasticity 16 (2000) 225-240] is employed to describe the ratchetting of metal matrix which dominates the ratchetting of the composites. With further assumption of spherical particles, the proposed meso-mechanical cyclic constitutive model is verified by comparing the predicted uniaxial ratchetting of SiC_P/6061Al composites with corresponding experiments obtained at room temperature [G.Z. Kang, Uniaxial time-dependent ratchetting of SiC_P/6061Al alloy composites at room and high temperature, Comp. Sci. Tech. 66 (2006) 1418-1430]. In the meantime, the effects of different tangent operators employed in the numerical implementation of the proposed model, i.e., continuum (or elasto-plastic) tangent operator C^ep and algorithmic (or consistent) one C^alg, on the predicted ratchetting are also discussed. It is concluded that the proposed model predicts the uniaxial ratchetting of SiC_P/6061Al composites at room temperature reasonably.     

A variational formulation for the incremental homogenization of elasto-plastic composites

This work addresses the micro–macro modeling of composites having elasto-plastic constituents. A new model is proposed to compute the effective stress–strain relation along arbitrary loading paths. The proposed model is based on an incremental variational principle (Ortiz, M., Stainier, L., 1999. The variational formulation of viscoplastic constitutive updates. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 171, 419–444) according to which the local stress–strain relation derives from a single incremental potential at each time step. The effective incremental potential of the composite is then estimated based on a linear comparison composite (LCC) with an effective behavior computed using available schemes in linear elasticity. Algorithmic elegance of the time-integration of J₂ elasto-plasticity is exploited in order to define the LCC. In particular, the elastic predictor strain is used explicitly. The method yields a homogenized yield criterion and radial return equation for each phase, as well as a homogenized plastic flow rule. The predictive capabilities of the proposed method are assessed against reference full-field finite element results for several particle-reinforced composites.     

短切碳纤维C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的动态劈裂拉伸实验

为了探究C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的动态断裂力学行为和破坏形态,利用分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar,SHPB)装置对3种不同短切碳纤维体积分数的C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料进行了动态劈裂实验,并利用扫描电子显微镜扫描了C/SiC复合材料试件的破坏界面,分析了C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的失效特征和增韧机理。实验结果表明：C/SiC复合材料在冲击劈裂实验过程中,同一短切碳纤维体积分数下试件的动态抗拉强度随着冲击气压的增大而增大; 短切碳纤维体积分数为16.0%时, 材料的抗拉强度最低; 冲击后,试件的整体破坏情况与冲击气压、短切碳纤维体积分数有关。

     

Nonlocal plasticity effects on the tensile properties of a metal matrix composite

For a metal reinforced by aligned short fibres the effect of a material length scale characterising the inelastic deformations of the metal is studied. The elastic-plastic constitutive relations used here to represent the nonlocal effects are formulated so that the instantaneous hardening moduli depend on the gradient of the effective plastic strain. Numerical cell-model analyses are used to obtain a parametric understanding of the influence of different combinations of the main material parameters. The analyses show a strong dependence on the fibre diameter for given values of all other material parameters, and it is shown that this dependence differs somewhat for different values of the fibre aspect ratio.     

On the homogenization of metal matrix composites using strain gradient plasticity

The homogenized response of metal matrix composites（MMC） is studied using strain gradient plasticity.The material model employed is a rate independent formulation of energetic strain gradient plasticity at the micro scale and conventional rate independent plasticity at the macro scale. Free energy inside the micro structure is included due to the elastic strains and plastic strain gradients. A unit cell containing a circular elastic fiber is analyzed under macroscopic simple shear in addition to transverse and longitudinal loading. The analyses are carried out under generalized plane strain condition. Micro-macro homogenization is performed observing the Hill-Mandel energy condition,and overall loading is considered such that the homogenized higher order terms vanish. The results highlight the intrinsic size-effects as well as the effect of fiber volume fraction on the overall response curves, plastic strain distributions and homogenized yield surfaces under different loading conditions. It is concluded that composites with smaller reinforcement size have larger initial yield surfaces and furthermore,they exhibit more kinematic hardening.