Cu(Ⅰ)Y分子筛表面酸性对其吸附脱硫性能的影响

用固相离子交换(SSIE)和液相离子交换(LPIE)法制备了不同离子交换度的Cu(Ⅰ)Y分子筛,采用吡啶吸附红外光谱(Py-IR)表征了分子筛的表面酸性,并用固定床吸附穿透实验评价了分子筛的吸附脱硫性能.结果表明,不同的离子交换法改性后,Cu(Ⅰ)Y分子筛仍然保持了完整的Y型分子筛结构.Cu+的交换量和表面酸性的分布显著地影响分子筛的吸附脱硫性能,固相离子交换后随离子交换度的增加,分子筛表面Br(o)nsted (B)酸逐渐转化为Lewis (L)酸,吸附性能增强.对不同离子交换法制备的Cu(Ⅰ)Y分子筛吸附脱硫性能与表面酸性关联后,发现分子筛表面B酸量减少,提高了分子筛的吸附脱硫活性.     

Cu(I)Y分子筛表面酸性对其吸附脱硫性能的影响

用固相离子交换(SSIE)和液相离子交换(LPIE)法制备了不同离子交换度的Cu(I)Y分子筛, 采用吡啶吸附红外光谱(Py-IR)表征了分子筛的表面酸性, 并用固定床吸附穿透实验评价了分子筛的吸附脱硫性能. 结果表明, 不同的离子交换法改性后, Cu(I)Y分子筛仍然保持了完整的Y型分子筛结构. Cu⁺的交换量和表面酸性的分布显著地影响分子筛的吸附脱硫性能, 固相离子交换后随离子交换度的增加, 分子筛表面Brönsted (B)酸逐渐转化为Lewis (L)酸, 吸附性能增强. 对不同离子交换法制备的Cu(I)Y分子筛吸附脱硫性能与表面酸性关联后, 发现分子筛表面B酸量减少, 提高了分子筛的吸附脱硫活性.     

改性Y分子筛的酸碱性能及吸附性能的研究

吡啶、吡咯、苯、甲苯、乙苯作为探针分子，在Li＋, Na＋, K＋, Cs＋改性的Y型分子筛上进行吸附，用TPD及IR方法系统地研究了不同碱金属离子改性的Y型分子筛的酸碱性能和吸附性能的变化. 结果表明，按Li、Na、K、Cs的顺序, 随着碱金属离子半径的增大, 其L酸酸强度依次减弱，L碱的强度逐渐增强.由于改性Y型分子筛所含碱金属离子的不同，其对芳烃的吸附的强弱及吸附量的大小亦不同.随着骨架外的阳离子的半径逐渐增大，碱的强度逐渐增强，与芳烃的作用愈强烈，导致TPD脱附峰温增高及芳烃和侧链上的C－H伸缩振动谱带向低波数位移愈多.由于位阻的原因，对含同一种碱金属离子的分子筛来说，随着芳烃侧链C数的增加，芳烃的吸附量逐渐减小.     

离子改性Y沸石吸附脱除二氧化碳中的乙醛

对比了纳米ZSM-5分子筛,5A分子筛,NaY分子筛,活性炭对二氧化碳中乙醛气体的吸附穿透性能,其中NaY穿透时间最长,与其较强的孔内极性和孔径大小有关。采用碱金属及碱土金属离子交换Y分子筛阳离子的方法改变其静电场强度,同时运用XRF、ICP手段对阳离子交换的Y分子筛进行了表征。结果表明,MgY的静电场最强,其乙醛穿透吸附量最大;程序升温脱附和再生实验表明,在150℃时,氮气吹扫4次再生后,MgY的乙醛穿透吸附量保持在550mg/g以上。     

噻吩在稀土离子改性Y型分子筛上吸附与催化转化研究

以NaY、HY、液相Ce离子交换改性Y分子筛(L-CeY)和稀土离子改性超稳Y分子筛(HRSY-3)为研究对象,运用XRD、N₂吸附、NH₃-TPD和Py-FTIR表征样品的物化性能;采用原位红外光谱技术与程序升温脱附-同步质谱检测联用技术(TPD-MS)研究噻吩在活性中心上的吸附及催化转化行为.结果表明,稀土离子改性不改变分子筛晶体的基本结构但改变其精细结构,并形成一定的介孔,同时降低分子筛强酸位的强度,并生成与稀土离子物种有关的弱L酸位.REY与HY均可通过B酸中心的质子化作用活化噻吩,而稀土离子物种促进氢转移反应及低聚反应的进行,进而利于噻吩裂化反应的进行.     

不同分子筛的氮氩分离性能

采用水溶液离子交换法制备了不同离子交换的13X和4A分子筛,并在25℃下测 定了它们的静态吸附等温线和动态穿透曲线。研究发现,Ca~(2+)离子和Li~+离子 交换的13X和4A分子筛对氮的吸附性能都明显优于其相应的钠型分子筛,而它们对 氩的吸附量变化不大,说明这两种离子交换的分子筛是较好的氮氩分离吸附剂。从 动态吸附的结果来看,所研究的各种分子筛都有一个最优的吸附分离压力,在本论 文研究的压力范围内,这个最优压力在0.6MPa附近。通过穿透曲线推算出的混合气 体吸附量和纯气体吸附量的对比可以得出,对于氮氩吸附选择性较高的分子筛,氮 的存在对氩的吸附量有较大的影响。     

NaY分子筛的改性及吸附脱氮性能

采用离子交换法用NH⁺₄、Zn²⁺、Cu²⁺、Cr³⁺阳离子改性NaY分子筛,并利用XRD、FT-IR和低温N₂吸附-脱附等方法对改性的分子筛进行了表征。XRD 和FT-IR表征结果表明,改性后的分子筛骨架完好。Cr改性Y分子筛(CrY)的比表面积、孔体积及平均孔径均较小,但存在部分介孔。研究了改性分子筛对含喹啉模拟燃料的吸附脱氮,喹啉分子尺寸的模拟结果为0.711 6 nm×0.500 2 nm,说明其并不易进入Y型分子筛0.74 nm的微孔。吸附脱氮结果表明,CrY的脱氮效果最好,CuY和ZnY次之,NH₄Y效果最差,改性分子筛的吸附脱氮性能与金属离子的价态有关,同价金属离子改性后的分子筛,吸附时间对其影响趋势相同,且金属离子价态越高,改性分子筛的吸附脱氮性能越好。吸附温度对CrY和NH₄Y分子筛吸附脱除喹啉的影响不大,可在室温下使用,但高温有利于CuY和ZnY吸附脱氮。XRD表征结果表明,焙烧后CrY分子筛骨架已完全塌陷失去了绝大部分吸附脱氮性能。     

镧改性的CuHY分子筛中铜离子的分布及其对吸附脱硫性能的影响

在氮气气氛下采用等体积浸渍法制备了载Cu的HY和LaHY分子筛.用x射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附、氨程序升温脱附和X射线光电子能谱对分子筛进行了表征.通过多晶XRD确定了Cu2+离子在Y型分子筛笼内的结构与分布,并测定了分子筛在含二苯并噻吩(DBT)的模拟柴油中的吸附脱硫性能.结果表明,前驱体CuCl2中的大部分Cu物种与HY和LaHY分子筛进行了离子交换.对于La3+改性的CuHY分子筛(CuLaHY),进入分子筛超笼中的Cu2+离子与骨架氧和水分子配位,牢固地定位于Y型分子筛超笼的SⅡ及SⅢ位;对于CuHY分子筛,超笼中的Cu2+离子只接近于SⅡ及SⅢ位.极少部分CuCl分子高度分散在分子筛笼内,没有定位.处于超笼中SⅡ及SⅢ位的Cu2+离子对模拟柴油中的DBT分子具有吸附作用,是吸附脱硫的活性中心.CuLaHY分子筛的吸附脱硫性能优于CuHY分子筛.当模拟柴油中含有萘时,萘与DBT分子会产生竞争吸附.     

CuNaY分子筛的有效吸附位与其脱硫性能的关联性研究

以液相离子交换法制备了一系列不同Cu负载量的Cu Na Y分子筛;采用XRD及N2吸附-脱附表征分子筛的微观结构和织构性质,采用动态吸附法考察其对噻吩模拟油的吸附脱硫性能,结合NH_3-TPD和Py-FTIR方法对CuNaY分子筛的酸量和有效Cu~+物种进行定量分析,研究了CuNaY分子筛的表面酸性和铜物种形态结构对其吸附脱硫性能的影响机制。结果表明,通过改变铜负载量可有效调控改性Y分子筛的表面酸性以及铜物种化学形态;适量铜物种的引入可以最大限度的形成有效吸附位,从而获得最优吸附脱硫性能,而过量的Cu物种会在Y分子筛笼内形成多核铜物种结构,导致有效吸附位点的减少,影响其对噻吩的吸附能力。     

CuCl改性Y型分子筛的CO吸附性能研究

利用自发单层分散原理,讨论了在NaY,NH4Y,CuY分子筛上CuCl分散改性情况,并对所得到的改性分子筛进行了CO吸附性能研究。实验结果表明,在低CuCl担载量时,CuCl可在这三种载体表面达到原子水平分散,其分散容量分别为0.58g/gNaY,0.68g/gNH4Y和0.41g/gCuY。由于CO与Cu^+可生配位化合物,经CuCl改性的Y型分子筛对CO显示出较高吸附性能。其中,0.6gCuCl/gNH4Y分子筛表现出最高的CO吸附容量,在室温、常压下可达123mL/gNH4Y.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.