恩氏粘度计的粘度测定及评定

用恩氏粘度计对某些油品的粘度值进行了实测及分析,并对该粘度的不确定度与非线性误差指标进行了评价,评判了该粘度计的适用范围。     

可动毛细管粘度计

一、前言在各种各样的粘度计之中,毛细管粘度计能够进行粘度(粘滞系数)的绝对测定,并且用比较简单的装置可以得到精度较好的测定。历来的毛细管粘度计,归根结底是通过压差或液头差以及流量来得到粘度的一种方式。此处介绍的毛细管粘度计,是具有把毛细管的两端用可动接头与固定管连接起来的构造,力测定方式的粘度计。这种力测定方式的毛细管粘度计也和上述的压差测定方式的粘度计有着同样的长处。     

一种适用于低沸点液体粘度测量的金属毛细管粘度计

本文在传统玻璃毛细管粘度计测量方法的分析基础上,初步研制了一种新的适用于低沸点液体特别是混合物粘度测量的金属毛细管粘度计。新的粘度计通过装置翻转方式来实现液体的升液过程,从而可以避免传统密封型毛细管粘度计由于放气而导致混合物成分变化的缺陷,而且实验方法更加简便,有利于粘度测量准确度的进一步提高。通过用甲苯和无水乙醇,作者对初步研制的金属毛细管粘度计进仃了检验,试验结果表明,粘度测量的误差已经可以控制在10％以内,进一步的研究工作正在继续。     

高粘度液体粘滞系数测定仪

本文对上海教学仪器厂生产的旋转式粘度计进行了改进，减小了实验误差，对实验教学和实际应用都很有意义。     

振动弦粘度计研制及MTBE饱和液相粘度实验研究

本文研制了一套高精度振动弦粘度计,测量不确定度为士2%.用新研制的粘度计,对293.15～383.15 K温度区间内的甲基叔丁醚(methyl tert-butyl ether,MTBE)饱和液相粘度进行了实验研究.利用本文实验数据拟合了甲基叔丁醚饱和液相粘度方程,方程和实验数据的平均和最大相对偏差分别为0.49%和1.21%,可以满足工程实际应用.     

气泡对液体粘度测量的影响

讨论了用奥氏粘度计测量液体粘度过程中,气泡对测量结果的影响,指出在用此法测量液体的粘度时,应注意选择粘度计,注入适量的液体,并排除气泡才能使测量结果准确无误。     

用旋转粘度计测量粘滞系数的新公式

新导出一个用旋转粘度计测量粘滞系数的公式， 并与文献上其它公式进行了比较．     

粘滞系数实验方法的再改进

将气轨与粘度计相结合,利用气轨的测速仪测量粘度计砝码匀速下降的速度,以测量液体粘滞系数,该方法既减小了计时误差,又可准确判断系统的运动状态。     

玻璃熔融态下粘度及比重的测量

本文就VAD—H型高温粘度计的原理及影响测量精度的因素进行了推导,并在实验的基础上讨论了保持测量精度的最佳条件。同时就此仪器对熔融态下玻璃比重的测量进行了探讨。最后给出了几个测量实例。     

用Flash模拟液体粘滞系数测定的实验

本文应用Flash软件模拟制作了医用物理实验一奥氏粘度计法测酒精的粘滞系数,对医用物理实验在仿真领域进行了尝试。介绍了相关操作步骤,其中实验工具、实验步骤可以由学习者自主操作,避免了实物实验中由于人为因素所导致的实验结果不准确。     

Trees at an Interface

A lattice tree at an interface between two solvents of different quality is examined as a model of a branched polymer at an interface. Existence of the free energy is shown, and the existence of critical lines in its phase diagram is proven. In particular, there is a line of first order transitions separating a positive phase from a negative phase (the tree being predominantly on either side of the interface in these phases), and a curve of localization–delocalization transitions which separate the delocalized positive and negative phases from a phase where the tree is localized at the interface. This model is generalized to a branched copolymer which is examined in a certain averaged quenched ensemble. Existence of a thermodynamic limit is shown for this model, and it is also shown that the model is self-averaging. Lastly, a model of branched polymers interacting with one another through a membrane is considered. The existence of a limiting free energy is shown, and it is demonstrated that if the interaction is strong enough, then the two branched polymers will adsorb on one another.     

Design of a Reflective Aspherical Surface of a Compact Beam-Shaping Device

A compact beam-shaping device with a reflective aspherical surface is proposed. The device converts a circular symmetric Gaussian beam from a laser into a uniform distribution on a target plane. The device consists of a laser, a reflective aspherical surface formed on the base plane inclined by 45° against the optical axis, and a spacer. The surface is designed for an optical device used as a transmitter of indoor wireless optical communication, which is one of the promising applications. The designed surface is obtained by approximation using polynomial. Beam shaping of a simulated surface and a uniform intensity distribution on the target plane is obtained. The intensity distribution generated by the surface is numerically simulated and evaluated if the surface is misaligned. It is clarified that the generated distribution is tolerable for the misalignment.     

弯曲光纤针尖及其法向力压电探测技术

本文介绍一种弯曲光纤针尖及其法向力压电探测的新技术.与目前普遍采用的方法不同,弯曲针尖的制作是先利用电阻丝加热,将光纤弯曲成所需的角度,然后再在缓冲氢氟酸中腐蚀成针尖,得到曲率半径为300μm,弯曲角度为120°,长度为500μm的弯曲针尖.同激光或电弧熔拉、弯曲的方法相比,这种方法工艺简单,成本低廉.由弯曲针尖与蜂鸣器压电片组成的悬臂,利用压电片的正、逆压电效应实现弯曲针尖法向力的非光学法探测.实验表明,这种弯尖法向力的探测较直尖切变力具有更高灵敏度,探测距离提高了一倍以上,给实际应用带来很大的便利.     

Completely mixed state is a critical point for three-qubit entanglement

Pure three-qubit states have five algebraically independent and one algebraically dependent polynomial invariants under local unitary transformations and an arbitrary entanglement measure is a function of these six invariants. It is shown that if the reduced density operator of a some qubit is a multiple of the unit operator, than the geometric entanglement measure of the pure three-qubit state is absolutely independent of the polynomial invariants and is a constant for such tripartite states. Hence a one-particle completely mixed state is a critical point for the geometric measure of entanglement.     

Generalized Sasaki Projections and Riesz Ideals in Pseudoeffect Algebras

A noncommutative version of generalized Sasaki projections in pseudoeffect algebras is introduced. It is proved that an ideal in a pseudoeffect algebra is Riesz if and only if it is closed under the right and left Sasaki projections. In lattice ordered pseudoeffect algebras, it is shown that generalized Sasaki projections are one-element sets, and their explicit form is found. It is shown that if a supremum of a normal Riesz ideal in a lattice ordered pseudoeffect algebra exists, it is a central element. These results extend those obtained recently by Avallone and Vitolo for effect algebras.     

CPT-Frames for Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians

Based on the PT-symmetric quantum theory, the concepts of PT-frame, PT-symmetric operator and CPT-frame on a Hilbert space K and for an operator on K are proposed. It is proved that the spectrum and point spectrum of a PT-symmetric linear operator are both symmetric with respect to the real axis and the eigenvalues of an unbroken PT-symmetric operator are real. For a linear operator H on C^d, it is proved that H has unbroken PT- symmetry if and only if it has d different eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenstates are eigenstates of PT. Given a CPT-frame on K, a new positive inner product on K is induced and called CPT-inner product. Te relationship between the CPT-adjoint and the Dirac adjoint of a densely defined linear operator is derived, and it is proved that an operator which has a bounded CPT-frame is CPT-Hermitian if and only if it is T-symmetric, in that case, it is similar to a Hermitian operator. The existence of an operator C consisting of a CPT-frame is discussed. These concepts and results will serve a mathematical discussion about PT-symmetric quantum mechanics.     

Time adaptive variational integrators: A space-time geodesic approach

The goal of this paper is to show that the space-time geodesic approach of classical mechanics can be used to generate a time adaptive variational integration scheme. The only assumption we make is that the Lagrangian for the system is in a separable form. The geometric structure which is preserved in the integration scheme is made explicit and the algorithm is illustrated with simulation for a compact case, a non-compact case, a chaotic system which arises as a perturbation of an integrable system and the figure eight solution for a three body problem.     

Simultaneous effects of magnetic field and space porosity on compressible Maxwell fluid transport induced by a surface acoustic wave in a microchannel

Peristaltic motion induced by a surface acoustic wave of a viscous, compressible and electrically conducting Maxwell fluid in a confined parallel-plane microchannel through a porous medium is investigated in the presence of a constant magnetic field. The slip velocity is considered and the problem is discussed only for the free pumping case. A perturbation technique is employed to analyze the problem in terms of a small amplitude ratio. The phenomenon of a “backward flow” is found to exist in the center and at the boundaries of the channel. In the second order approximation, the net axial velocity is calculated for various values of the fluid parameters. Finally, the effects of the parameters of interest on the mean axial velocity, the reversal flow, and the perturbation function are discussed and shown graphically. We find that in the non-Newtonian regime, there is a possibility of a fluid flow in the direction opposite to the propagation of the traveling wave. This work is the most general model of peristalsis created to date with wide-ranging applications in biological, geophysical and industrial fluid dynamics.     

Relativity of quantum states in entanglement swapping

The entanglement swapping protocol is analyzed in a relativistic setting, where shortly after the entanglement swapping is performed, a Bell test is performed. For an observer in the laboratory frame, a Bell violation is observed between the qubits with the swapped entanglement. In a moving frame, the order of the measurements is reversed, and a Bell violation is observed even though the particles are not entangled, directly or indirectly, or at any point in time. Although the measurement results are identical, the wavefunctions for the two frames are starkly different — one is entangled and the other is not. Furthermore, for boosts in a perpendicular direction, in the presence of decoherence, we show that the maximum Bell violation can occur across non-simultaneous points in time. This is a signature of entanglement that is spread across both space and time, showing both non-local and non-simultaneous aspects of entanglement.     

同调谐振子谱空间上的对称性和参量双粒子模型

研究了同调谐振子谱空间上的对称性，通过适当的参量代换给出形象的图示. 得到归一化的本征函数解析表达式， 并证明了线性谐振子是同调谐振子的退化. 揭示出同调谐振子是参量双粒子模型，并给出该模型的相干态，该相干态自动包含用Glauber相干态构 造的奇、偶相干态. 关键词： 同调谐振子 赝角动量方法 本征值谱 本征函数 参量双 光子模型