UNIFORM VIETORIS-BEGLE THEOREMS

Abstract

In this paper we generalize the well-known Vietoris-Begle theorem to uniform spaces. We formulate two uniform versions: one for the ?ech cohomology based on all finite uniform coverings and one for the ?ech cohomology based on all uniform coverings.     

Refinable maps in dimension theory

This paper studies properties of refinable maps and contains applications to dimension theory. It is proved that refinable maps between compact Hausdorff spaces preserve covering dimension exactly and do not raise small cohomological dimension with any coefficient group. The notion of a c-refinable map is introduced and is shown to play a comparable role in the setting of normal spaces. For example, c-refinable maps between normal spaces are shown to preserve covering dimension and S-weak infinite-dimensionality. These facts do not hold for refinable maps.     

Uniform universal covers of uniform spaces

We develop a generalized covering space theory for a class of uniform spaces called coverable spaces. Coverable spaces include all geodesic metric spaces, connected and locally pathwise connected compact topological spaces, in particular Peano continua, as well as more pathological spaces like the topologist's sine curve. The uniform universal cover of a coverable space is a kind of generalized cover with universal and lifting properties in the category of uniform spaces and uniformly continuous mappings. Associated with the uniform universal cover is a functorial uniform space invariant called the deck group, which is related to the classical fundamental group by a natural homomorphism. We obtain some specific results for one-dimensional spaces.     

PAIRWISE ALMOST COMPACT SPACES

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to investigate pairwise almost compact bitopological spaces. These spaces satisfy a bitopological compactness criterion which is strictly weaker than pairwise C-compactness and is independent of other well-known bitopological compactness notions. Pairwise continuous maps from such spaces to pairwise Hausdorff spaces are pairwise almost closed, the property is invariant under suitably continuous maps, is inherited by regularly closed subspaces and may be characterized in terms of certain covers as well as the adherent convergence of certain open filter bases. Some new natural bitopological separation axioms are introduced and in conjunction with pairwise almost compactness yield interesting results, including a sufficient condition for the bitopological complete separation of disjoint regularly closed sets by semi-continuous functions.     

Weaker forms of the Menger property in bitopological spaces

Abstract

In this paper we continue previous investigations on the weaker forms of the Menger property in bitopological spaces. We introduce weakly Menger property and study some topological properties of almost and weakly Menger bitopological spaces. We also consider the almost Hurewicz spaces in a bitopological context.     

Approximate extension property of mappings

The extension problem is to determine the extendability of a mapping defined on a closed subset of a space into a nice space such as a CW complex over the whole space. In this paper, we consider the extension problem when the codomains are general spaces. We take a shape theoretic approach to generalize the extension theory so that the codomains are allowed to be general spaces. We extend the notion of extension type which has been defined for the class of CW complexes and introduce the notion of approximate extension type which is defined for general spaces. We define approximate extension dimension analogously to extension dimension, replacing the class of CW complexes by the class of finitistic separable metrizable spaces. For every metrizable space X, we show the existence of approximate extension dimension of X.     

REAL COMPACTIFICATIONS THROUGH ZERO-SET SPACES

Abstract

The Alexandroff (= zero-set) spaces were introduced in [l] as the “completely normal spaces”, and have been studied in a number of more recent papers. In this paper we unify the theory of Wallman realcompactifications via the Alexandroff bases and introduce the realcompactfine Alexandroff spaces as particularly relevant to their investigation. These latter spaces are defined analogously to the A-c uniform spaces which are based on a construction of A.W. Hager [25].     

Nielsen equalizer theory

We extend the Nielsen theory of coincidence sets to equalizer sets, the points where a given set of (more than 2) mappings agree. On manifolds, this theory is interesting only for maps between spaces of different dimension, and our results hold for sets of k maps on compact manifolds from dimension (k−1)n to dimension n. We define the Nielsen equalizer number, which is a lower bound for the minimal number of equalizer points when the maps are changed by homotopies, and is in fact equal to this minimal number when the domain manifold is not a surface.As an application we give some results in Nielsen coincidence theory with positive codimension. This includes a complete computation of the geometric Nielsen number for maps between tori.     

ON THE METRIZATION LEMMA FOR UNIFORM SPACES

Abstract

We show a numeric generalization of the well-known metrization lemma for uniform spaces, thereby answering a question left open in [2] to the affirmative. An application of the new lemma in the setting of approach theory yields the conclusion that every approach uniformity has a basis of pseudo-metrics.     

LOCAL COMPACTNESS IN SEMI-UNIFORM CONVERGENCE SPACES

Abstract

Local compactness is studied in the highly convenient setting of semi-uniform convergence spaces which form a common generalization of (symmetric) limit spaces (and thus of symmetric topological spaces) as well as of uniform limit spaces (and thus of uniform spaces). It turns out that it leads to a cartesian closed topological category and, in contrast to the situation for topological spaces, the local compact spaces are exactly the compactly generated spaces. Furthermore, a one-point Hausdorff compactification for noncompact locally compact Hausdorff convergence spaces is considered.¹     

Shape fibrations and strong shape theory

The notion of shape fibration was introduced by Marde?i? and Rushing. In this paper we use ‘fibrant space’ techniques in strong shape theory to prove that every shape fibration p:E → B of compact metric spaces is contained in a map of fibrant spaces p′:E′→B′ which enjoys a certain lifting property and whose homotopy properties reflect the strong shape properties of the map p. Standard methods for studying Hurewicz fibrations are readily applied to the map p' and in this way we obtain a number of strong shape generalizations of results of Marde?i? and Rushing. We also prove the following theorem which answers a question of Rushing: A shape fibration of compact metric spaces which is a strong shape equivalence is an hereditary shape equivalence. Since the converse was known, this gives a characterization of hereditary shape equivalences.     

Endpoints of set-valued dynamical systems of asymptotic contractions of Meir–Keeler type and strict contractions in uniform spaces

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of the set-valued dynamical systems of asymptotic contractions of Meir–Keeler type and set-valued dynamical systems of strict contractions in uniform spaces and we present a method which is useful for establishing conditions guaranteeing the existence and uniqueness of endpoints of these contractions and the convergence to these endpoints of all generalized sequences of iterations of these contractions. The result, concerning the investigations of problems of the set-valued asymptotic fixed point theory, include some well-known results of Meir and Keeler, Kirk and Suzuki concerning the asymptotic fixed point theory of single-valued maps in metric spaces. The result, concerning set-valued strict contractions (in which the contractive coefficient is not constant), is different from the result of Yuan concerning the existence of endpoints of Tarafdar–Vyborny generalized contractions (in which the contractive coefficient is constant) in bounded metric spaces and provides some examples of Tarafdar–Yuan topological contractions in compact uniform spaces. Definitions and results presented here are new for set-valued dynamical systems in uniform, locally convex and metric spaces and even for single-valued maps. Examples show a fundamental difference between our results and the well-known ones.     

PROXIMAL LIMIT SPACES

Abstract

The proximal limit spaces are introduced which fill the gap arising from the existence of proximity spaces, uniform spaces, and uniform limit spaces. It is shown that the proximal limit spaces can be considered as a bireflective subcategory of the topological category of uniform limit spaces. A limit space is induced by a proximal limit space if and only if it is a S₁-limit space.     

SYNTOPOFORMIC SPACES (SYNTOPOGENOUS LIMIT SPACES)

Abstract

Császár generalized the uniform spaces, the proximity spaces and the topological spaces to syntopogenous spaces. Cook and Fischer generalized the uniform spaces to uniform limit spaces. Finally Marny generalized the proximity spaces to proximal limit spaces. Analogously we generalize the syntopogenous spaces to syntopoformic spaces (syntopogenous limit spaces). These spaces include all the above mentioned in a suitable sense. We extend some of the well-known results of compactness and completeness to syntopoformic spaces.     

Intrinsic characterization of Alexander-Spanier cohomology groups of compactifications

In this paper we construct a uniform Alexander-Spanier cohomology functor from the category of pairs of uniform spaces to the category of abelian groups. We show that this functor satisfies all Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms on the category of pairs of precompact uniform spaces, is precompact uniform shape invariant and intrinsically, in terms of uniform structures, describes the Alexander-Spanier cohomology groups of compactifications of completely regular spaces.     

There is no upper bound of small transfinite compactness degree in metrizable spaces

In [J.M. Aarts, T. Nishiura, Dimension and Extensions, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1993], Aarts and Nishiura investigated several types of dimensions modulo a class P of spaces. These dimension functions have natural transfinite extensions. The small transfinite compactness degree trcmp is such transfinite dimension function extending the small compactness degree cmp. We shall prove that there is no upper bound for trcmp in the class of metrizable spaces, i.e. for each ordinal number α there exists a metrizable space Xα such that trcmpXα=α. We also give a characterization of the dimension dim of a separable (compact) metrizable space in terms of the function cmp of the product of this space with a nowhere locally compact zero-dimensional factor.     

PRODUCTS IN TOPOLOGY

Abstract

Examples are provided which demonstrate that in many cases topological products do not behave as they should. A new product for topological spaces is defined in a natural way by means of interior covers. In general this is no longer a topological space but can be interpreted as categorical product in a category larger than Top. For compact spaces the new product coincides with the old. There is a converse: For symmetric topological spaces X the following conditions are equivalent: (1) X is compact; (2) for each cardinal k the old and the new product X^k coincide; (3) for each compact Hausdorff space Y the old and the new product X x Y coincide. The new product preserves paracompactness, zero-dimensionality (in the covering sense), the Lindelöf property, and regular-closedness. With respect to the new product, a space is N-complete iff it is zerodimensional and R-complete.     

THE FORGETFUL FUNCTOR Cont → Prox IS TOPOLOGICAL

Abstract

It is shown that the forgetful functor from the category of contiguity spaces to the category of generalized proximity spaces is topological, and that the right adjoint right inverse of this functor extends the inverse of the forgetful functor from the category of totally bounded uniform spaces to the category of proximity spaces.     

Dimension of compact metric spaces

We give a survey of old and new results in dimension theory of compact metric spaces. Most of the relatively new results presented in the survey are based on the cohomological dimension approach. We complement the survey by stating the basics of cohomological dimension theory and listing some of its applications beyond the dimension theory.