微波辅助萃取-气相色谱质谱法检测生物体内的多溴联苯醚

建立了微波辅助萃取-气相色谱质谱法测定生物样品中的多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的方法,优化了萃取剂的种类、萃取剂用量、萃取时间等微波萃取条件和GC-MS仪器分析条件。正己烷-丙酮混合溶剂提取后,经实验室自制的多层硅胶柱分离纯化,用气相色谱-质谱进行测定,该方法基质加标回收率在60%～77%之间,相对标准偏差在11%～18%之间,方法的检测限为0.03～0.20ng/g,适用于生物样品中PBDEs的测定。     

电子电气产品中多溴联苯和多溴二苯醚的高效液相色谱/串联质谱法测定

样品经超声提取后,用液相色谱-串联质谱法分析,采用同位素质量数定性,外标法定量。本法对五溴联苯(5-PBB)、八溴联苯(8-PBB)、十溴联苯(10-PBB)、五溴二苯醚(5-PBDE)、八溴二苯醚(8-PBDE)、十溴二苯醚(10-PBDE)定量限为50 mg.kg-1;对以上六种多溴联苯、多溴二苯醚分别添加50 mg.kg-1、100 mg.kg-1、150 mg.kg-1并进行10次测定的回收率为85.5%～107%;精密度为1.10%～6.60%;采用标准品加入法对塑料、橡胶的空白样品分别添加5-PBB、8-PBB、10-PBB、5-PBDE、8-PBDE、10-PBDE各0 mg.kg-15、0 mg.kg-1、100 mg.kg-1、150 mg.kg-1、200 mg.kg-1,并进行测定,得到线性相关系数在0.9963～0.9995。     

高效液相色谱法检测丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料中多溴联苯醚

建立了超声萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)塑料中12种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的方法。样品经甲苯/异辛烷(V/V=5/1)提取,离心(5000r/min),过0.45μm滤膜净化。用Waters-C18液相色谱柱(5μm,4.6×250 mm)分离,以甲醇、乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在波长226nm处检测,外标法定量。多溴联苯醚在5~500mg/L的范围内,有良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),检出限为0.07~0.2mg/L,萃取率在87.4%~103.1%之间,相对标准偏差小于2.0%。     

ABS塑料中阻燃剂多溴联苯醚的检测方法

用甲苯为溶剂在索氏萃取器中将丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)塑料中用作阻燃剂的多溴联苯醚从试样中萃取分离,并经浓缩、纯化后用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定其含量.此类化合物中的总溴量(萃取前、后的含量)系在另一份单独样品中按相同的方法前处理后用能量色散X射线荧光光谱法(EDXRFS)测定.对EDXRFS测定的精密度作了检测,测得其相对标准偏差(n=11)小于5%.对GC-MS测定的精密度和回收率也作了检测,测得其相对标准偏差(n=7)为1.83%,回收率在85.1%～87.1%之间,其检出限(3S/N)为0.10 mg·L-1.     

超声萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用测定海洋沉积物中39种多溴联苯醚残留

建立了超声萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定海洋沉积物中39种多溴联苯醚残留的分析方法.样品用V(正己烷):V(二氯甲烷) =1:1混合溶液提取,超声(控制水浴温度为25 ℃)提取60 min,采用硅胶和氧化铝净化,负化学离子源-气相色谱-质谱法进行检测,39种组分图谱在49 min 内能得到很好的分离. 39种混合样品的检出限为0.003～0.10 μg/kg; 加标回收率为66.2%～118.6%;相对标准偏差为0.8%～18.2%.用于实际样品分析,结果令人满意.     

微波辅助萃取-气相色谱测定纺织品中多溴联苯(醚)类阻燃剂

建立了微波辅助萃取-气相色谱-微电子捕获检测纺织品中8种多溴联苯及多溴联苯醚类阻燃剂的方法.通过萃取剂选择实验和正交实验,确定了以25 mL正己烷: 二氯甲烷混合溶剂(2:3, V/V)为萃取剂,萃取温度60℃, 仪器功率400 W,萃取10 min的微波萃取条件,并用流速梯度和柱温程序结合的方法优化了气相色谱分析条件.方法的检出限为0.12～0.99 μg/kg;标准加入回收率为75.5%～112.9%;精密度1.3%～11.8%(n=6),适用于纺织品中痕量多溴联苯(醚)类阻燃剂的监测分析.     

高效液相色谱法测定皮革中20种溴代阻燃剂

建立了皮革中20种多溴联苯和多溴联苯醚阻燃剂的高效液相色谱测定方法。采用V(二氯甲烷):V(正己烷)=3:2混合溶剂作为提取溶剂,常温超声萃取30 min,经硅胶固相萃取柱净化,蒸发浓缩至近干后用甲苯定容。用甲醇-缓冲溶液(pH 7)为流动相梯度洗脱,C18反相萃取柱分离目标物质,于226 nm检测。通过优化色谱梯度洗脱条件,有效排除了溶剂峰对低取代物的干扰。结果表明,目标物质质量浓度在5.0~25.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.996,定量限(S/N=10)为5.20~41.7 mg/kg,选定物质六溴联苯和十溴联苯醚的加标回收率为91.3%~102.9%。该法对所采用的20种目标物质中的16种都具有良好的分离效果,且对高溴代物的响应较好,可弥补气相色谱法对高溴代物灵敏度低的问题。方法可用于皮革中多溴联苯和多溴联苯醚的检测。     

气相色谱质谱法分析土壤中多溴联苯和多溴联苯醚类化合物

建立了气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析土壤中的18种多溴联苯(PBBs)和多溴联苯醚类(PBDEs)化合物的方法.利用快速溶剂萃取(ASE)技术和凝胶净化系统(GPC)进行土壤样品的前处理,(13)C标记物作为进样内标和替代标,采用电子轰击源气相色谱质谱法(GC-EI/MS )分析-溴至七溴代PBBs和PBDEs,负...     

大流量采样-GC-NCI-MS测定环境空气中的多溴联苯醚

建立了大流量采样-气相色谱负化学电离质谱法测定环境空气中痕量多溴联苯醚的方法.用PS-1型大流量空气采样器采集环境空气样品,样品经提取、纯化后采用气相色谱负化学电离质谱法测定环境空气中多溴联苯醚.方法的线性范围在5～10000 pg/m3之间,检出限1～50 pg/m3.用于检测2006年5月在广州市采集的环境空气样品,多溴联苯醚组分含量在5.4～4989 pg/m3范围.该方法适合用于监测环境空气中的痕量PBDEs.     

色谱-负离子化学源-质谱联用仪测定人体血液中多溴联苯醚

建立了血液样品中多溴联苯醚的分析方法。血液样品采用离心和分离,提取血清。血清经过正己烷和甲基叔丁基醚的混合溶液(体积比1∶1)萃取,萃取前加入回收率指示物,然后经干燥得到脂肪重量;脂肪再经正己烷溶解、酸洗和酸性硅胶柱(硅胶与浓硫酸的重量比为2∶1)净化后,加内标,进气相色谱-负化学离子源-质谱(GC-NCI-MS)联用仪,采用选择离子检测(SIM)法和内标法定性和定量。结果表明加标回收率为76.0%~106.0%;方法检出限0.01~0.1ng;仪器检出限为0.5~2.0pg。该方法检测血液中8种多溴联苯醚的同系物,灵敏度高、重现性好和回收率良好,可用于人体血液样品的检测。     

Furyl- and thienyl-silatranes and germatranes

We review our research on the synthesis and study of the physical and biological properties of furyl- and thienylgermatranes and -silatranes.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 725–732, June, 1992.     

Review and patents and literature

The use of the insect cell/baculovirus expression system for producing recombinant proteins of bacterial, plant, insect, and mammalian origin has become widespread. The popularity of this eukaryotic expression system is due to many factors, including (1) potentially high protein expression levels, (2) ease and speed of genetic engineering, (3) ability to accommodate large DNA inserts, (4) protein processing similar to higher eukaryotic cells (e.g., mammalian cells), and (5) ease of insect cell growth (e.g., suspension growth). The following review of the literature discusses two engineering aspects of recombinant protein synthesis by insect cell cultures: bioreactor scale-up and insect cell line selection. Following this review patent abstracts and additional literature pertaining to expression of recombinant proteins in insect cell culture are listed.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Preparation and photolysis of poly-p-ethylacrylophenone and poly-p-chloroacrylophenone and their copolymers with styrene and methyl methacrylate

Poly-p-ethylacrylophenone (PPEtAP) and poly-p-chloroacrylophenone (PPClAP) and their copolymers with styrene (PEtAP/S) and (PClAP/S) and with methyl methacrylate (PEtAP/MMA) and (PClAP/MMA) were prepared. Quantum yields of main-chain scissions at 366 nm at room temperature in benzene solution are of the same order as those of the unsubstituted polyacrylophenone and its copolymers. Substitution with chlorine and ethyl group in the para position compared to the unsubstituted polyacrylophenone and its copolymers leads to an increase of the lifetime for the n–π^* excited triplet state, as is evident from the measured quenching constants of photolysis. The low-temperature emission spectra of the copolymers are similar to the spectra of the model compounds in a polymer film. For the homopolymer, however, the character of the emission spectrum changes considerably.     

Concentrations and distributions of trace and minor elements in Chinese and Canadian coals and ashes

A total of 35 trace and minor elements including some of environmental significance were determined in each of a selection of 15 Chinese and 6 Canadian thermal coals and their ashes by using the SLOWPOKE-2 nuclear reactor facility of the University of Toronto. The concentrations and distributions of these constituents among the coals and their combustion products (viz. ash and volatile matter) are presented together with an interpretation of their significance in relation to the large scale combustion of these coals as thermal fuels in industrialized countries such as China and Canada. The detailed results showed wide variations in trace impurity concentrations (up to a factor of 100 and more) among the coals studied with few large differences between those of Chinese and Canadian origin except that the rare earths, Sc, Th, U, I, and Se were much higher in the former, other halogens, As and Na were lower. Values for elemental enrichment factors (EF) relative to normal crustal abundances indicated that only As(EF=13), Br(5.7), I(16), S(230), Sb(11) and Se(320) were appreciably enriched in coal. During static ashing at 750°C most of the halogens, S and Se were volatilized whereas most other inorganic constituents were highly retained and concentrated in the ash by factors of 6 to 11.