激光调Q CAI

从激光调Q速率方程出发,分析推导了激光调Q过程中,腔内光子数与工作物质内反转粒子数间的关系.再根据激光调Q的过程中,对腔Q值控制方式不同,将激光调Q技术分为:转镜调Q、声光调Q、电光调Q、饱和吸收调Q和脉冲透射式调Q.用C语言进行了激光调Q CAI软件的开发研制,获得了将文学、图形、动画和计算融为一体的,直观而生动地将调Q的理论和过程再现于屏幕的CAI课件.介绍了课件的内容、结构及其特点.     

基于宽度抛物线型和渐变孔径的超高Q低V 一维光子晶体纳米梁腔的设计

设计了基于宽度抛物线型和孔径渐变的一维(1-D)光子晶体 (PhC)纳米梁腔.通过FDTD的计算模拟, 设计的这种纳米梁腔可以实现超高Q值1.8× 10⁷, 同时拥有超小模体积V～ 0.04(λ/n)³, 在继承抛物线型和渐变孔径型纳米梁腔高Q的基础上,进一步降低了模体积V. 我们设计的这种腔具有紧凑, 低制造工艺要求以及高Q/V 值等优点,在未来应有广泛应用.     

LD抽运被动调Q固体激光器的脉冲稳定性

报道了二极管激光抽运Cr,Nd∶YAG被动调Q Nd∶YVO₄ 1064nm激光输出.为了提高被动调Q激光的输出稳定性，谐振腔采用长腔，增益介质位于谐振腔中间位置.实验中获得了稳定的被动调Q激光输出.在最高入射抽运功率为17.5W时，脉冲重复频率达到71.3kHz，脉冲宽度为0.4μs.调Q脉冲幅度不稳定性低于±10%，脉冲时间波动性低于±3.5%.     

用时域ABCD矩阵对调Q锁模激光器的研究

用时域ABCD矩阵讨论了调Q锁模脉冲激光器输出脉冲的宽度和啁啾特性,主要给出了调Q元件作为幅度调制元件时的时域ABCD矩阵,并将光脉冲在激光腔中往返一周的ABCD矩阵写出,用此矩阵讨论了它对锁模脉冲的影响.给出了Nd:YAG激光器中用Cr⁴⁺:YAG作调Q元件时的调Q锁模脉冲激光器特性,并讨论了腔内色散、饱和吸收强度、增益带宽对输出脉冲特性的影响.用时域ABCD矩阵大大简化了计算过程.     

窄线宽线形腔调Q双包层掺钕光纤激光器

对LD泵浦调Q双包层掺Nd³⁺光纤激光器进行了实验研究.在Littrow结构的体光栅与二向色镜构成的线形腔结构中,利用声光Q开关(AQM)调Q,在1064nm得到了光谱线宽约为0.08nm稳定的激光脉冲序列.脉冲重复频率从1kHz到10kHz可调.在重复频率1kHz时得到脉冲宽度约800ns,最大单脉冲能量180μJ,脉冲峰值功率225W,激光平均功率180mW,并对激光输出脉冲能量进行了计算,计算结果与实验符合很好.     

抗共振环稳定被动调Q 激光的作用

本文从理论出发,分析抗共振环(Anti-ResonantRing-ARR)稳定调Q 激光脉冲的作用.将新型调Q晶体Cr⁴⁺:YAG置于ARR中心,在平-ARR介稳腔中获得能量起伏0.34%的高稳调Q单脉冲输出.     

腔内光强空间分布对被动调Q激光器速率方程解的影响

在被动调Q激光器速率方程中考虑腔内光强的高斯分布,数值求解该速率方程所得的理论结果比采用平面波近似所得的理论结果更接近于Cr⁴⁺:YAG调QNd³⁺:YAG激光器的实验结果.     

全光纤调Q掺铒光纤激光器的脉冲研究

报道一种全光纤调Q掺铒光纤激光器,在其结构中采用带有光纤光栅的光纤环形镜作为调Q装置此调Q方案同时具有对腔内损耗进行调制和对激光输出波长选择的功能理论上分析了不同臂长差时的脉冲出现情况,与实验基本相符并对激光单脉冲产生及稳定性进行了分析讨论.     

用预泵浦技术实现Cr4+、Nd3+双掺YAG激光器自调Q可控输出

对LD泵浦Cr⁴⁺、Nd³⁺双掺YAG自调Q激光器进行了研究,在连续泵浦和脉冲泵浦下获得了1.064μm调Q偏振激光脉冲输出,脉冲宽度(FWHM)为30ns,单脉冲能量为0.5μJ.采用直流预泵浦技术使Q开关时间的不确定度从×10ms减小到5μs左右,并使激光Q脉冲重复率从1kHz提高到近17kHz,该方法也同样适用于其它被动调Q激光器.     

高Q值二维光子晶体缺三腔的数值模拟与分析

针对单光子源对高性能纳米腔的需要, 采用“柔性束缚"光子限制结构和时域有限差分法, 通过把时域和频域的光电场分布与理想高斯函数进行比较, 设计出一种高品质因子的光子晶体缺三腔(L3), 其Q值达Q=2.8×10⁵, 有效模式体积为V_eff=0.1813(λ/n)³, 相应的Purcell因子超过F=1.2×10⁵. 此外, 提出一种定量描述腔性能优劣程度的能量系数分析法, 通过定量对比二维高斯分布下的场分布能量与总能量, 提高了腔的优化速度与准确性. 计算结果表明, 随着腔性能的优化, Q值正比于能量系数γ值直至饱和.     

Quantum properties of one-atom maser radiation in the presence of thermal photons

The effect of thermal photons on the radiative properties of a one-atom maser is investigated. Stationary Pand Qdistribution functions are determined analytically in the approximation of strong interaction between an atom and a cavity field mode. The generation conditions are found for a one-atom maser. It is shown that taking into account thermal photons leads to a decrease in the threshold value of incoherent pumping. It is demonstrated that generation may occur in the absence of population inversion in the atomic subsystem and when losses exceed the intensity of incoherent pumping. A formula is proposed for the Fano factor of a one-atom maser in the form of the sum of the Fano factors of the microcavity radiation in the absence of thermal photons and the thermal radiation.     

谐振腔与共振线宽

本文提出了利用短谐振腔来减小铷激射器共振线宽的建议。在使用H₀₃₁模腔和石腊作涂层的圆盘状石英泡的情况下,设计了腔的几何尺寸,计算了填充因子,讨论了铷激射器的振荡条件。最后与原来的H₀₂₁模腔作比较给出了线宽。     

Atomic beam preparation for hydrogen maser operation with unpolarized atoms

The conventional atomic beam preparation technique for hydrogen maser operation consists of a six pole magnetic field focussing in combination with adiabatically changing magnetic fields in the transition region between focusser and maser cavity, which results in a state selected, polarized ensemble of hydrogen atoms. Hydrogen maser operation with state selected, but unpolarized atoms has the advantage to reduce considerably the sensitivity of hydrogen maser frequency on coherently excited, low frequency,Δm _F =±1 Zeeman transitions. The influence of the magnetic field pattern in the transition region on the energy level population probabilities for the focussed hydrogen beam has been analysed. Atomic beam preparation techniques using non-adiabatically changing magnetic field configurations in the transition region are described. The dependence of hydrogen maser oscillation on the energy level population within the atomic beam is theoretically investigated and the results are used for the analysis of the experimentally achieved atomic beam populations. It has been shown that a pulsed magnetic spin guidance field in the transition region, which switches between adiabatically changing magnetic field configurations and a sudden magnetic field reversal, results in an ensemble of hydrogen atoms with vanishing time averaged polarization, which does not deteriorate the conventionally achieved maser oscillation amplitude.     

On the hydrogen maser oscillation threshold

In the construction and evaluation of the characteristics of a hydrogen maser, the oscillation parameter q remains an important parameter but somewhat difficult to determine precisely. Among the few techniques that exist to do such an evaluation we report on the technique using a variation of the quality factor of the microwave cavity. The results are compared to the standard theoretical model of operation of the maser accepted up to now. It is found that the technique described is extremely useful for determining the operational characteristics of such a maser. Furthermore, the experimental results and theoretical analysis are in reasonable agreement, which validates to a new level the hypothesis made in the development of the theory.     

激光抽运铯束贮存泡激射器

本文提出一种铯原子束激射器的建议,其中利用了双束激光抽运选态技术和原子贮存泡方法。用密度矩阵理论分析了振荡条件,给出了激射器的振荡功率和进泡的原子束流之间的关系式。在使用TE₀₂₁模腔和石腊作涂层的环状石英泡的情况下,计算了激射器的振荡功率、线宽和腔的填充因子,对激射器的短稳亦作了相应的估计。还给出了双原子束双隔离泡的此类激射器的设想。     

小型化氢脉泽原子储存时间设计

氢微波激射器（氢脉泽）采用原子储存泡对氢原子进行囚禁,在低损耗谐振腔内形成稳定的自持振荡.本文采用具备低腔频温度系数的介质加载谐振腔替换传统的腔-泡结构,实现了氢脉泽的小型化;并分析了这种小型化方案对频率稳定度和准确度的影响.原子储存时间设计值为0.4 s,闭环后的频率稳定度为5.6×10^-15/（1 000 s）,与储存时间设计结果相吻合.     

High-power single-frequency tunable solid-state lasers

Experimental results are presented on the achievement of single-frequency tunable lasing in ruby, Nd-glass, and Nd:YAG lasers with electrooptic Q switching of the cavity by the injection of an external signal. An optimization of the parameters is carried out for lasers on neodymium ions in yttrium aluminum garnet, lanthanum beryllate, chromium-doped gadolinium scandium gallium garnet, and lanthanum hexaaluminate with passive Q switching of the cavity by means of lithium fluoride shutters containing F ₂ ⁻ color centers. High-power single-frequency generation of giant pulses is achieved, with the output wavelength tunable over the half-width of the gain lines of the active media. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 74–79 (October 1998)     

Q value related mass determinations using a Penning trap

We report here about measurements of reaction and decay Q values by precise determination of pairs of atomic masses. These were performed with the Penning trap mass spectrometer SMILETRAP. Measurements with Penning traps give reliable and accurate masses, in particular Q values, due to the fact that certain systematic errors to a great deal cancel in the mass difference between the two atoms defining the Q value. Some Q values that are of fundamental interest will be discussed here, for example, a new Q value for the ⁶Li (n,γ) ⁷Li reaction, for the β-decay of tritium, related to properties of the electron neutrino mass, and for the neutrino-less double β-decay of ⁷⁶Ge, related to the question of whether the neutrino is a Majorana particle or not. In case of the latter two we report the most accurate Q values, namely 18,589.8(12) eV for the tritium decay and 2,038.997(46) keV for the neutrino-less double β-decay of ⁷⁶Ge.     

脉冲微波激发氢原子Ramsey干涉研究

该文开展利用Ramsey干涉现象设计被动型氢原子钟的可行性研究. 该方案的核心是用脉冲微波激励氢原子发生共振跃迁. 通过理论计算确定了关键参数,研制了脉冲微波发生电路. 利用现有的被动型氢原子钟的物理部分,成功观察到氢原子共振跃迁的Ramsey干涉,将原子跃迁谱线宽度从原来的3 Hz压缩至1.2 Hz. 这为进一步提高被动型氢原子钟的稳定度指标提供了一种新思路.