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随着热像系统时域噪声等效温差(NETD)的不断下降,残余固定图形噪声(RFPN)的不稳定性成为制约系统性能,特别是制约系统识别能力的一个关键因素。通过分析热像系统响应非均匀性产生的机理,介绍一种扫描型热像系统获得场景平均辐照度点的方法,实现了以场景平均辐照度点为校正基准点的动态校正。采用该方法研制的热像系统在(0~50)℃场景动态范围内可使系统的RFPN小于15mK。通过样机冬、夏两季外场试验以及各种环境试验,验证了该校正方法在热像系统温度发生变化以及场景辐照度发生变化时具有良好的适应性。 相似文献
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分析了生物超微弱发光的光子图像特点,从而看出对光子图像进行统计研究的必要,讨论了生物超微弱发光的统计分布,分析了生物超微弱发光在光子成像系统中的探测概率和光子图像的探测极限。 相似文献
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针对人眼无意识的抖动导致图像位置在眼底成像设备上无规律变化而无法有效观察指定区域的问题,提出了一种视网膜图像实时动态稳像算法.该算法依据图像匹配理论,在图像探测的同时引入图像有效区域实时"计算-移位".利用时间上相邻的视频序列图像近似对应于眼底同一位置的特点,通过"采集-运算"找到当前采集图像的中心区域.把当前图像的中心区域与第一帧采集图像的中心区域进行相关匹配,获取当前视网膜图像相对第一帧图像抖动的偏移方向和偏移量,然后把当前图像移位,循环执行此过程,并剔除无法匹配的图像,使得屏幕上的图像始终是在同一个位置的静态图像.实验证明:本文提出的算法解决了自适应眼底成像设备在对视网膜细胞观测时因为人眼自然抖动而造成的图像不稳定问题;解决了人眼在可见光波段的激光照明下受到较强刺激而无法长时观测的问题,实现了细胞和微血管同平台同算法观测;是采用拼接技术实现大视场图像的前提. 相似文献
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本文的目的是给出一种计算线跃迁概率的方法并同时研究线跃迁概率对热等离子体的温度、密度的敏感性。 对于有界原子,利用含温Thomas-Fermi统计势求解了径向Dirac波动方程,给出了计算电偶极线跃迁的严格理论公式和金元素在不同温度、密度下若干谱线的计算结果。 相似文献
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为满足高速飞行器对目标快速识别和打击的需求,针对大观测场高速机载光电探测系统像质退化严重、像质补偿元件机构复杂、像差校正实时性较差的问题,提出采用可变形反射镜作为动态像质补偿器对传统高速动态成像光学系统像质进行补偿和改进.利用基于像清晰化函数最优化的自适应光学动态像质补偿技术的优化算法对系统动态像差进行闭环实时校正,通过仿真对所提出的方法进行可行性分析和验证.仿真结果表明:与校正前相比,该校正方法使光学系统在60°大角度观测场内泽尼克动态像差变化量的峰谷值最大下降17.5%,点列图弥散斑均方根半径降低至10.61%,校正后的系统残余像差小,在整个观测场内,像质均接近光学衍射极限. 相似文献
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K. Chrzanowski 《Opto-Electronics Review》2007,15(2):82-87
Infrared reflective collimators are important components of expensive sophisticated test systems used for testing thermal
imagers. Too low quality collimators can become a source of significant measurement errors and collimators of too high quality
can unnecessarily increase cost of a test system. In such a situation it is important for test system users to know proper
requirements on the collimator and to be able to verify its performance. A method for evaluation of infrared reflective collimators
used in test systems for testing thermal imagers is presented in this paper. The method requires only easily available optical
equipment and can be used not only by collimator manufactures but also by users of test equipment to verify performance of
the collimators used for testing thermal imagers. 相似文献
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为了能对红外热成像系统的性能进行准确的评价,必须对其MTF进行准确测试。利用高精度双黑体反射靶标评估系统,并依据刀口靶测试原理,首先在计算机中进行微分运算,获得线扩展函数,然后再进行傅里叶变换,最终获得MTF。通过对CEDIT ⅡA型热像仪MTF的测试和分析,发现MTF的测试主要受输入差分信号强度,脉冲电平的去除与否,以及采集到的信号是否滤波等因素的影响。该测试评估系统能保证背景辐射的均匀性和稳定性,且受环境温度变化的影响极小,因此可大大提高测量的准确性和可靠性。 相似文献
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We report here the results obtained by applying a local and realistic theory to photon intereference phenomena [1], recently observed in a set of experiments performed by Mandel and co-workers [4,6]. In these papers Mandel discarded the possibility of a rational explanation of his results, in the sense that the high visibility obtained was according to him far above the maximum allowed by a classical theory. We shall see how a small set of hypotheses, highly plausible for a realistically minded physicist, drives us to a large visibility in agreement with these experiments. 相似文献
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ER GuoKang & IU VaiPan Faculty of Science Technology University of Macau Macau SAR China 《中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学(英文版)》2011,(9)
The probabilistic solutions to some nonlinear stochastic dynamic (NSD) systems with various polynomial types of nonlinearities in displacements are analyzed with the subspace-exponential polynomial closure (subspace-EPC) method. The space of the state variables of the large-scale nonlinear stochastic dynamic system excited by Gaussian white noises is separated into two subspaces. Both sides of the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov (FPK) equation corresponding to the NSD system are then integrated over one of the sub... 相似文献
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A block-wise motion detection strategy based on compressive imaging, also referred to as feature-specific imaging (FSI), is described in this work. A mixture of Gaussian distributions is used to model the background in a scene. Motion is detected in individual object blocks using feature measurements. Gabor, Hadamard binary and random binary features are studied. Performance of motion detection methods using pixel-wise measurements is analyzed and serves as a baseline for comparison with motion detection techniques based on compressive imaging. ROC (Receiver Operation Characteristic) curves and AUC (Area Under Curve) metrics are used to quantify the algorithm performance. Because a FSI system yields a larger measurement SNR(Signal-to-Noise Ratio) than a traditional system, motion detection methods based on the FSI system have better performance. We show that motion detection algorithms using Hadamard and random binary features in a FSI system yields AUC values of 0.978 and 0.969 respectively. The pixel-based methods are only able to achieve a lower AUC value of 0.627. 相似文献
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The effects of laser beam irradiance fluctuations, such as speckle and scintillation, upon optical beam detection probability are examined in an entirely statistical context. The optical detector is assumed to possess a non-linear integrated log-normal response function, as is normally ascribed to the eye. Various statistical distribution functions purported to model these fluctuations accurately are examined from both numerical and analytical standpoints. The numerical results indicate that different models for fluctuation statistics predict detector threshold probabilities which differ from each other by more than 10%. Such variations may be significant in calculations relating to eye safety. 相似文献
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针对成像型激光探测系统动态范围不足的问题,以现有广角远心鱼眼透镜和CMOS摄像器件为硬件基础,提出通过图像处理的方法扩展系统动态范围。系统采用帧相减技术滤除背景干扰和噪声,进而进行激光光斑的识别和定位。在此基础上,针对接收激光能量的不同,提出采用不同方法扩展动态范围。当激光能量较低时,激光信号可能淹没在噪声中无法准确判读和精确定位,通过滤波技术排除噪声,提高图像信噪比,从而提高系统探测灵敏度,即扩展探测下限。对于探测上限,即当强激光入射时,由于鱼眼光学系统内会产生反射干扰光,有可能在成像面形成不规则的干扰光斑,通过光斑匹配模式识别的方法排除杂光干扰,提高识别上限。实验结果表明,该方法使系统动态范围从为70 dB提高到89 dB,提高近30%,有效扩大了探测系统的作用范围。 相似文献
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针对受高斯白噪声激励的非线性随机系统,提出了使状态响应的概率密度函数形状跟踪期望形状的调节方法.首先,确立了非线性随机系统的多项式反馈机制,同时对系统中的非线性部分进行多项式展开;然后,以Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov方程为工具,导出了与控制增益相关的各阶矩递推方程,并根据跟踪问题的要求,构造了矩逼近优化问题,用梯度搜索法求解该优化问题,获得了调节函数;再依据特征函数与概率密度函数构成Fourier对的关系,对状态响应的概率密度函数进行重构;最后,通过两个例子仿真,验证了本文方法的有效性. 相似文献