石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定化探样品中痕量金

化探样品经650 ℃高温灼烧1.5 h后,用HNO3-HCl(1+1)溶解.取一块聚氨酯泡沫塑料(3 cm×2 cm×1 cm)吸附富集样品溶液中痕量金,通过将上述富集金的聚氨酯泡沫塑料置于硫脲溶液中沸水浴保持20 min,使金被释放出来,所得溶液供石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪测定.对石墨炉原子化条件和基体改进剂抗坏血酸的用量进行了试验并予以优化.方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.06 ng·g-1.方法用于测定国家标准样品,测得值的相对标准偏差(n=11)小于6.0%.     

铊(Ⅲ)直接氧化鲁米诺化学发光测定岩矿样品中的痕量铊

液相化学发光主要是利用离子的催化作用进行测定。有几种高价金属离子能直接氧化鲁米诺化学发光。U.Fritsch等研究了铊(Ⅲ)在磷酸盐介质中直接氧化鲁米诺化学发光测定微量铊的方法,检测限为0.1ppm。本文在研究介质对铊(Ⅲ)-鲁米诺体系化学发光反应影响的基础上,选择H_3 BO_3-KOH介质测定铊,提高了灵敏度,检测限达到1ng/mL。铊浓度在4×10~(-9)—1×10~(-5)g/mL范围内有良好线性关系。用泡沫塑料从岩矿试液中分离铊。     

泡沫塑料吸附分离石墨炉原子吸收测定地质样品中微量铊

地球化学样、单矿物及一些岩石样品常需分析微量铊,其含量有时小于10~(-5) ％。测定这样微量的铊尚无很好的方法。石墨炉原子吸收法灵敏度高,适于微量铊的测定,但已有方法都使用有机溶剂萃取分离,效果差。用泡沫塑料吸附方法作为一种分离富集手段,能解脱制备为水性溶液,很适合于石墨炉原子吸收分析,目前,已应用于测金、砷及稀土等。本文就聚氨醋泡沫塑料富集分离微量铊进行了研究,在含适量卤素离子(Br~-、Cl~-或F~-)的稀     

泡沫塑料富集–石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定贝类水产品中痕量铊

采取微波消解的前处理手段消解样品,经泡沫塑料分离富集后,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定贝类水产品中痕量铊。以1.5 mL Fe3+,2 mL H2O2和5%王水介质作为吸附体系将样品中铊分离富集,再以硝酸钯、抗坏血酸作为基体改进剂进行测定。铊的质量浓度在0～50μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.999 7,方法的检出限可达0.07μg/g。测定结果的相对别准偏差为1.53%～4.01%(n=7),加标回收率为87.1%～98.3%。泡沫塑料富集–石墨炉子吸收光谱法测定贝类水产品中痕量铊是一种准确、安全、便捷的检测方法。     

L''''vov平台石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定化探样品中痕量铊

在3—4ml体积中用聚氨酯泡沫富集铊,EDTA解脱,(NH_4)_2SO_4为改进剂,使用L'vov平台和最大功率升温,原子化停气,测量峰面积氖灯校正背景,石墨炉AAS测定化探样中痕量铊。特征量为15pgTl,检出限(2S)29pg。10μg/ml和60μg/ml铊溶液的相对标准偏差分别为8.5％和1.1％。方法快速,分析结果满意。     

新显色剂2,6-二氯-4-氨磺酰基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯与铊(Ⅲ)显色反应的研究及应用

本文研究了用新显色剂2,6-二氯-4-氮磺酸基苯基重氮氮基偶氮苯光度法测定铊(Ⅲ)的高灵敏方法。在Triton X-100存在下,于pH10.3的Na_2B_4O_7-NaOH介质中,铊(Ⅲ)与该试剂可生成1:4的稳定红色配合物,最大吸收波长位于515nm处,摩尔吸光系数为1.32×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。Tl(Ⅲ)浓度在0～18μg/25mL范围内符合比尔定律。方法用于粉煤灰中痕量铊的测定,结果满意。     

测定痕量铊的泡沫塑料吸附分离-镉试剂2B分光光度法

研究了在 pH11.5～12.5的NH3 -NH4Cl介质和TritonX -100存在下 ,镉试剂2B与铊 (Ⅲ )的显色反应。铊 (Ⅲ )与镉试剂2B形成摩尔比为1∶4的红色配合物 ,在测定波长500nm处 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为9.3×104 L·mol-1·cm-1 。室温下显色反应瞬间完成 ,配合物至少稳定12h ,线性范围是0～800μg/L。建立了采用聚胺酯泡沫塑料吸附铊 (Ⅲ ) ,与其他干扰元素分离 ,在水相体系快速、准确测定地质样品中痕量铊的方法。该法回收率为97.0 %～106 % ,5次测定的相对标准偏差不大于4.1 % ,其结果与原子吸收测定值吻合     

非螯合物浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收法测定水中痕量铊(Ⅲ)

建立不需形成螯合物的浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收法测定水中铊Ⅲ的新方法。用浊点萃取技术富集水中铊Ⅲ,石墨炉原子吸收法测定。经考察,浊点萃取环境水体中铊Ⅲ的最优条件为pH12,90℃水浴2h,Triton X-114浓度2.0g/L;在优化后实验条件下,方法测定铊Ⅲ的检出限为0.018μg/L;相对标准偏差为8.89%~13.7%(C=0.1μg/L及1.0μg/L,n=7);加标回收率为98.0%~101%。本法适于水中痕量铊Ⅲ的测定。     

活性炭吸附-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤样品中铊

土壤试样用经盐酸-硝酸-高氯酸-氢氟酸混合酸溶解后,以活性炭吸附分离样品溶液中痕量铊,用热的草酸铵溶液进行淋洗分离,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中痕量铊。以0.06μg·L~(-1)氯化钯溶液作为基体改进剂,选择灰化温度、原子化温度分别为700℃和1 700℃。铊质量浓度在0.006～200μg·L~(-1)范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,方法检出限(3s/k)为0.2 pg。方法用于分析土壤样品,回收率在93.3%～106.2%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.6%～1.8%之间。     

交联羧甲基淀粉预富集-悬浮体进样-石墨炉原子吸收法测定水样中铬(Ⅲ)和铬(Ⅵ)

以交联羧甲基淀粉(CCMS)为吸附剂,悬浮体进样-石墨炉原子吸收法(GFAAS)测定环境水样中Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)形态。研究了溶液pH值、吸附时间、溶液体积、共存离子等对CCMS吸附Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的影响。结果表明:在pH=6.0时,吸附15 min,CCMS可以选择性地吸附Cr(Ⅲ),对Cr(Ⅵ)不吸附,从而实现Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的分离。将吸附Cr?的CCMS加0.1%的琼脂制成悬浮体直接进石墨炉检测,用1 mL 1%盐酸羟胺将Cr(Ⅲ)还原成Cr(Ⅵ),测总铬。方法对Cr(Ⅲ)的检出限为0.044μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为10.4%(初始浓度CCr(Ⅲ)=1.0μg/L,n=11),富集倍数为50倍。将本方法应用于环境标准样品的测定,测得结果与标准值相符。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.