Isolation of fusicoccin from a culture filtrate ofFusicoccum amygdali

Fusicoccin A has been isolated from a culture filtrate of the filtrate of the fungusFusicoccum amygdali Del., and it has been characterized as an α-glycoside of a tricyclic diterpenoid. The trimethylsilyl derivative of fusicoccin A has been investigated by combined GLC and mass spectrometry.     

Isolation of ecdysterone from the inflorescences ofRhaponticum integrifolium

A method has been developed for isolating ecdysterone from the inflorescences ofRh. integrifolium. The yield is 0.15% on the weight of the raw material.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 667–668, September–October, 1979.     

Isolation and structure of rosicine from Catharanthus roseus

An investigation of the alkaloidal constituents of the leaves of Catharanthus roseus has led to the isolation of a new alkaloid, “rosicine”, to which structure (1) has been assigned on the basis of spectroscopic studies. Two other alkaloids isolated have been identified as 14, 15-dehydroepivincadine and 19-hydroxytabersonine.     

Isolation of frutitsin from the seeds ofAmorpha fruticosa

The conditions for the isolation and purification of frutitsin by various solvents and mixture of solvents have been studied. The proposed method for the isolation of frutitsin permits the yield of the substance to be increased.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 619–621, September–October, 1982.     

Isolation of ecdysterone from the roots ofRhaponticum carthamoides

The solubility of ecdysterone in individual solvents and mixtures has been studied. A method has been developed for isolating ecdysterone from the roots ofRhaponticum carthamoides. Extraction from the raw material was carried out with methanol. The catty oils and tanning and resinous substances were eliminated from the concentrated and water-diluted extract by treatment with chloroform. The combined ecdysteroids were extracted from the purified aqueous solution with chloroform-isopropanol (1:1). They were freed from pigments by chromatography on alumina (Brockmann activity grade II) with elution by methanol-chloroform (1:2). The product was recrystallized from methanol-ethyl acetate (1:9), giving 0.05% (on the weight of the raw material) of ecdysterone.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirornykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 528–529, July–August, 1980.     

Stimulation of Nisin production from whey by a mixed culture of Lactococcus lactis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The production of nisin, a natural food preservative, by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (ATCC 11454) is associated with the simultaneous formation of lactic acid during fermentation in a whey-based medium. As a result of the low concentration and high separation cost of lactic acid, recovering lactic acid as a product may not be economical, but its removal from the fermentation broth is important because the accumulation of lactic acid inhibits nisin biosynthesis. In this study, lactic acid removal was accomplished by biological means. A mixed culture of L. lactis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was established in order to stimulate the production of nisin via the in situ consumption of lactic acid by the yeast strain, which is capable of utilizing lactic acid as carbon source. The S. cerevisiae in the mixed culture did not compete with the nisin-producing bacteria because the yeast does not utilize lactose, the major carbohydrate in whey for bacterial growth and nisin production. The results showed that lactic acid produced by the bacteria was almost totally utilized by the yeast and the pH of the mixed culture could be maintained at around 6.0. Nisin production by the mixed culture system reached 150.3 mg/L, which was 0.85 times higher than that by a pure culture of L. lactis.     

Isolation and properties of trypsin inhibitors from the seeds ofLupinus luteus andL. polyphyllus

From dormant seeds of European yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) and Washington lupin (Lupinus polyphyllus) inhibitors have been isolated that effectively suppress the activity of trypsin and interact nonstochiometrically with chymotrypsin. From their physicochemical properties and aminoacid compositions, the inhibitors from the species of lupin investigated belong to different types.V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, Belarusian Academy of Sciences, Minsk. A. N. Bakh Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 879–884, November–December, 1993.     

Isolation and identification of sterols from yeasts of the genusCandida

Summary By thin-layer chromatography on silica gel containing 20% of Supercel the following sterols have been isolated from a mixture of the sterols of the yeastCandida guilliermondii and identified: 5-ergost-7-en-3-ol, ergosterol, -sitosterol, 4-methylzymosterol, and 14-demethyllanosterol. The amount of ergosterol in the mixture was 96%.M. M. Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Sintezbelok [Protein Synthesis] Scientific-Research Institute of Glavmikrobioprom [Directorate of the Microbiological Industry] of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 17–22, January–February, 1975.     

Biochemical and immunochemical study of a protein preparation from the culture liquid ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis

Using ultrafiltration methods of isolation, a culture liquid ofY. pseudotuberculosis has yielded a protein fraction with a molecular mass of not less than 80–100 kDa which possesses hemagglutinating activity and the properties of an antireceptor. It has been shown for the first time by the methods of affinity chromatography, indirect hemagglutination, and indirect IEA that this protein preparation from aY. pseudotuberculosis culture interacts specifically with the Fab₂ fragment of normal human IgG.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 784–787, November–December, 1994.     

Isolation and Difference in Anti-Staphylococcus aureus Bioactivity of Curvularin Derivates from Fungus Eupenicillium sp.

With the anti-microbial and anti-tumor composite screening model, bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two structurally related bioactive compounds, curvularin and αβ-dehydrocurvularin, from ethyl acetate extract of Eupenicillium sp. associated with marine sponge Axinella sp. Further study on the structure–activity relationship demonstrated that both compounds exhibited differences in bioactive profiles which are highly associated with their minor structural differences. Both curvularin and αβ-dehydrocurvularin have similar level of anti-fungal and anti-tumorous activity, while αβ-dehydrocurvularin is active against Staphylococcus aureus with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 375 μg/ml but curvularin does not. No detectable activity against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exists for both compounds. It is suggested that the partial planar backbone structure, due to the conjugation of π electrons in the presence of a 3,4-double bond and the carbonyl group at position C-2 in αβ-dehydrocurvularin, acts as a key factor for the inhibition of S. aureus, a Gram-positive low G + C bacteria that are often the hospital-acquired and/or community-acquired pathogen.     

Chemical investigation of the stem-bark of Cedrus deodara Isolation of a new dihydroflavonol, deodarin

A new dihydroflavonol named deodarin has been isolated from the stem-bark of Cedrus deodara. From a detailed study of its reactions and spectra, it has been tentatively assigned the constitution 3′,4′,5,6-tetrahydroxy-8-methyl dihydroflavonol.     

Polysaccharides ofPolygonatum I. Isolation and characterization of polysaccharides fromPolygonatum sewerzowii

Summary The water-soluble polysaccharides of the rhizomes of thePolygonatum sewerzowii Regl. have been studied. A method has been developed for separating the polysaccharide fraction. A new native acetylated glucomannan has been isolated which has been called severan and consists of manno- and glucopyranose residues linked with one another by -1 4 bonds in a ratio of 15.4:1.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Plant Substances of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 555–559, September–October, 1978.     

Isolation and identification of roseotoxin S from cultures of the fungus Trichothecium roseum

Summary The structure of reseotoxin S, a new cyclodepsipeptide of the fungus Trichothecium roseum, is described. It consists of three amino acids and two hydroxy acids. Besides the structure, possibilities of proof and isolation as well as analytical data are given.

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Isolierung und Identifizierung von Roseotoxin S aus Kulturen des Pilzes Trichothecium roseum

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Part of the thesis of G. Stockinger for a Dr. rer. nat. degree at the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz