用小波和分维数方法处理喘振实验数据

本文针对离心压缩机喘振的实验数据，采用小波分析，发现喘振先兆的频率与后来发生的喘振频率接近，且喘振先兆和喘振均为周期性的脉动．用分维数方法进行处理分析，通过计算压缩机系统不同工况下的关联维数，可以看出关联维数是信号复杂程度的度量．以上工作为实施喘振的主动控制提供了依据．     

阻力对透平压缩机系统稳定性的影响

建立了一个考虑管道阻力作用的透平压缩机系统喘振点计算模型，通过算例计算分析了阻力对喘振点的影响．结果表明阻力对系统具有稳定性作用，较大的阻力可以明显地推迟喘振的发生。对于管道很长的压缩系统，在估算喘振点时应当考虑沿程阻力的影响．另外还提出了一种提高压缩系统稳定性的结构，通过进口阀门提供局部阻力可以构做出几乎无喘振的压缩系统，同时计算分析表明此结构对于低压低速压缩机系统具有一定的实用意义，而对于高压高速系统则造成性能的严重下降．     

高速离心式压气机喘振特性的实验与数值模拟研究

利用实验与数值模拟结合的方法对高速离心式压气机进行喘振特性研究。实验通过调节压气机出口管道流量调节阀实现压气机从平稳工况到喘振的动态过程。实验发现,喘振阶段叶轮轮盖动态压力及叶轮进口附近气流速度会受到失速团的影响在单个周期增长阶段产生剧烈高频震荡,安装叶片扩压器时,压气机性能曲线较无叶扩压器时大幅度左移,且两种情况下压气机喘振频率等相差较大。同时建立全流道数值模型,采用气腔模型对深喘进行模拟预测,减少气腔容积,压气机喘振频率和压力振荡幅值均增加,但增加幅度逐渐减小。     

透平压缩机系统深度喘振的温升计算

本文将一维非定常不可压流体力学方程组,应用于整个低速透平压缩机系统.在已知深度喘振的瞬态流量变化特性后,可计算出系统中各处在某一时刻的温度值,并从而分析了系统及结构对深度喘振过程中温升所产生的影响.     

S波段长脉冲相对论速调管放大器的初步研究

根据脉冲缩短机理分析结果和本工作提出的抑制措施，S波段RKA的高频系统采用了高阶工作模式，输入腔采用5λ／4的工作模式，采用了以3λ／4为工作模式的中间腔，采用了3λ／4为工作模式的输出腔。采用Superfish程序计算了高频系统内部的电磁场分布，并且采用了Mafia程序对三维结构的输入腔和输出腔内部的电磁场分布及多种模式特性进行了分析。实验中，调试出了有载Q值可调的输入腔，频率范围为2．83-2．93GHz、有载Q值范围为25～110；设计加工了频率可调的中间腔；设计、加工和调试了有载Q值为11的输出腔。     

包含三能级原子环形腔的动态非稳与混沌过渡

在包含三能级原子的环形腔的输出光场中，观察到了由电磁感应透明（EIT）效应导致的动态非稳及混沌．该动态非稳及向混沌的过渡可以通过耦合光场而加以很好地控制．同时，由三能级EIT导致的原子相干改变了系统的吸收、色散及非线性效应，从而极大地增强了系统的动态非稳和混沌过渡特性．建立了一个理论模型来定量地解释观察到的现象．     

大温差离心机组低负荷运行防喘振策略分析

稳态强磁场实验装置水蓄冷系统是国内外具有代表性的大流量大温差水蓄冷系统之一. 系统包含两个3000 m3 的蓄水罐, 为提升蓄冷量双罐均采用了自然分层技术. 由于该技术的特性, 在蓄冷后期, 离心式冷水机组的入口水温会偏低, 这导致系统新增的12 ℃ 大温差机组在试运行阶段多发低负荷喘振故障, 影响了制冷运行的稳定度. 本文首先对离心式冷水机组的喘振机理进行了阐述, 进而分析了在改造前针对该台冷水机组所做的防喘振优化措施; 通过热气旁通改造结合相关参数的合理设置, 避免机组喘振风险; 通过优化 DDC 控制, 优化机组减载能力, 避免了低负荷振动及噪声. 本次改造为系统的安全稳定运行提供了保障.     

绝对式高能量激光能量计温度特性研究

对绝对式量热法高能量激光能量计吸收腔的内、外壁温度差特性进行了详细的理论研究和实验验证。用第二非齐次边界条件和第二齐次边界条件的热传导方程分别建立了吸收腔在激光加热过程中和激光加热结束后的温度分布，利用模拟实验对激光照射吸收腔的过程进行模拟，得到内、外壁温度差的实验数据。利用数值模拟法，对理论分析结果作数值分析，理论分析结果与实验数据非常接近，从而证明了在激光加热过程中，虽然吸收腔内外壁存在固定的温度差，但当激光结束后，该温度差将迅速减小，吸收腔达到热平衡。     

激光腔靶辐射时间特性研究

介绍了激光加热腔靶辐射时间特性研究。实验采用滤长为１．０５３μｍ，能量为３０－７５０Ｊ，脉宽为６００－１１００ｐｓ的高斯型激光脉冲，辐照柱型腔靶，用两台具有一定和时间分辨的亚千Ｘ射线能谱仪，分别观察激光入射口和Ｘ光输运口的辐射时间特性，实验结果给出了腔靶源区发射Ｘ光时间过程及其与发射口面积，形状，发射能区等的关系。     

Z箍缩动态黑腔动力学及辐射特性初步实验研究

在“强光一号”装置进行的Z箍缩动态黑腔实验中, 初步系统研究了动态黑腔的内爆动力学特性及辐射特性的一般规律. 通过高空间分辨图像, 对丝阵与泡沫黑腔碰撞前后泡沫辐射场的变化, 泡沫对不稳定性发展的抑制开展了细致研究. 实验结果显示, 动态黑腔负载内爆的辐射功率波形呈现双峰结构, 首峰和主峰分别对应于碰撞和滞止过程. 8 mm负载的内爆速度高于12 mm负载, 但其他内爆动力学参数和辐射参数均无明显差异. 实验使用的泡沫黑腔能够很好地抑制不稳定性的发展, 但在泡沫内部未能实现对辐射的均匀控制, 滞止泡沫等离子体柱上仍能轻易区分辐射较强和辐射较弱的区域. 关键词： Z箍缩动态黑腔 泡沫黑腔 动力学特性 辐射特性     

离心压缩系统喘振先兆的实验研究

本文对喘振前期的动态信号进行了测量和分析。在喘振非线性增长区域前发现了与后续喘振相关的小扰动区域。并从机理上讨论了这类小扰动出现的原因。采用小波变换等信号分析方法检测到这类小扰动的存在。设计了一种快速捕捉喘振前期小扰动幅频特征的数据处理方法。     

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Flow Arrangements on the Performance of a Micro-Channel Heat Sink

Abstract

An experimental study is carried out to investigate the effect of entrance and exit conditions that prevail due to different flow arrangements on the thermal performance of a copper micro-channel heat sink. Three flow arrangements—U-type, S-type, and P-type—were considered for the analysis with a test piece having inlet and outlet plenum dimensions of 10 mm × 30 mm × 2.5 mm with an array of parallel micro-channels having an individual width of 330 μm and a uniform channel depth of 2.5 mm. Performance evaluations for different flow conditions at inlet and outlet plenums were made by maintaining constant heat supply at 125 W, 225 W, and 375 W with varying Reynolds number ranging from 224 to 1,121. Nusselt number and pressure drop were computed by measuring temperature difference and pressure drop across the inlet and outlet plenum for various test combinations. Maximum heat transfer was observed for the U-type flow arrangement, followed by the P-type and S-type; maximum pressure drop was noted for the S-type flow arrangement, followed by the U-type and P-type arrangements for a constant Reynolds number. A detailed analysis of the experimental results indicate that from a pressure drop point of view, the P-type flow arrangement is preferred, whereas from the heat transfer point of view, the U-type is found to be a better option.     

Snapshot POD analysis of transient flow in the pilot stage of a jet pipe servo valve

The spatial evolution of a turbulent flow in the pilot stage of a jet pipe servo valve at the inlet pressure and deflection angle of the jet pipe is investigated using a large eddy simulation (LES). The pressure of the same flow field is measured by a high frequency dynamic pressure sensor in the experiments and is compared with the results of the LES, as well as their root-mean-square (RMS) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) results. The results of experiments and LES are in good agreement, indicating that LES is able to predict the flow dynamics. Velocity datasets based on LES are utilised to conduct the snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition (snapshot POD) technique. The snapshot POD analysis results of the first 4 modes show a full ability to directly visualise details of the coherent structures. The influences of the inlet pressure and deflection angle of the jet pipe are also discussed. Under different inlet pressures, the velocity eigenfunctions of the first mode are similar, while the locations and strengths of the vortices in high modes are different. The Lamb-Oseen vortices that affect the trajectory of jet streams are observed in the vicinity of the entrances of receiver channels only in the first mode, and several spindly vortices appear in the region of ?5?y/n?相似文献   

脉动流血液通栓的晶格玻尔兹曼模型

本文把血浆看为水,红细胞当作密度为水的悬浮刚性小球,模拟脉动流在锥形管的中的通栓.首先在一定的压积和压差下,在锥形管中产生稳定的栓塞,然后用脉动流来通栓.改变脉动流的频率研究脉动流通栓的条件.     

Analytical prediction of break-out noise from a reactive rectangular plenum with four flexible walls

This paper describes an analytical calculation of break-out noise from a rectangular plenum with four flexible walls by incorporating three-dimensional effects along with the acoustical and structural wave coupling phenomena. The breakout noise from rectangular plenums is important and the coupling between acoustic waves within the plenum and structural waves in the flexible plenum walls plays a critical role in prediction of the transverse transmission loss. The first step in breakout noise prediction is to calculate the inside plenum pressure field and the normal flexible plenum wall vibration by using an impedance-mobility approach, which results in a compact matrix formulation. In the impedance-mobility compact matrix (IMCM) approach, it is presumed that the coupled response can be described in terms of finite sets of the uncoupled acoustic subsystem and the structural subsystem. The flexible walls of the plenum are modeled as an unfolded plate to calculate natural frequencies and mode shapes of the uncoupled structural subsystem. The second step is to calculate the radiated sound power from the flexible walls using Kirchhoff-Helmholtz (KH) integral formulation. Analytical results are validated with finite element and boundary element (FEM-BEM) numerical models.     

Waste heat recovery using looped heat pipes for air cooling

A scheme is described for the recovery of waste heat from stacks of gas turbine engines and the utilization of recovered energy for the cooling of ambient air. Relationships are summarized for the modeling of components of the cooling system. Samples are presented from performance data that is predicted by the model. Effect of size and design of system components, as well as operational variables on system performance, are discussed. It is concluded that the single most significant variable in the design of the looped heat-pipe recovery and utilization system is the geometry of the exhaust pipe of the gas turbine engine. Accordingly it is suggested that a design for the exhaust pipe of a gas turbine must consider the effects of (a) the variation of velocity of exhaust gases at different exhaust inlet temperatures, and the consequent pressure drops in the exhaust chimney pipe, and (b) the length of the exhaust pipe. The latter essentially determines the length of the heat pipe evaporator. Furthermore, the temperature drop through the air cooler is also significant, since this also influences system performance.     

高压比离心压气机叶片扩压器设计准则研究

本文对某带叶片扩压器的高压比离心压气机进行数值研究,提出Vt和Vm沿子午流道规律变化的叶片扩压器气动参数设计准则,采用该设计准则的优化结果表明,在保持原型扩压器进出口半径的条件下,压气机压比基本不变,但最高效率提高1.55％,工作裕度扩宽22.22％.同时,本文提供气动参数设计准则相应的快速优化设计流程.该气动设计准则...     

旋转总压畸变对压气机稳定性影响数值模拟

本文利用发展的预测轴流压缩系统动态失速特性及进气非均匀性影响的理论模型,系统计算分析了进气总压畸变旋转频率对下游压气机稳定性的影响。计算结果表明进气总压畸变的幅值和旋转频率对压缩系统的动态失速特性和稳定性都有强烈的影响,旋转频率对旋转失速边界和喘振边界的影响类似。但是,系统的"危险"响应频率强烈地依赖于其旋转失速的传播频率。该模型理论上是先进的,而且计算结果与现有实验数据的比较表明该模型是可靠的。     

电弧射流激励器工作特性仿真研究

为了在高超声速飞行器减阻中达到更好的减阻效果,设计了一种电弧射流等离子体激励器。采用有限元法求解非线性多物理方程,对此电弧射流等离子体激励器的工作特性进行了数值模拟,得到了激励器内部的电势、压力、温度和速度分布,综合分析了进气口气体速度、放电电流、激励器管道半径对电势、压力、温度和速度分布的影响。获得了全面的影响规律,通过仿真结果还得到:电弧射流等离子体激励器可产生最高温度为8638 K、最高速度为655 m/s的等离子体射流。当电流20 A,进气速度0.5 m/s,管道半径2.5 mm时,所需功率最小;当电流20 A,入口气体流速5 m/s,管道半径2.5 mm时,出口处平均温度最高;当电流20 A,进口气体速度10 m/s,管道半径2.5 mm时,出口处平均速度最大。并对仿真得到的放电电压进行了实验验证,在等离子体参数相似的情况下,实验结果与仿真结果吻合较好。