丙醇-硫酸铵-水液-液体系萃取分离铂、钯、铑和金

研究了丙醇－（NH4）2SO4－水液－液体系对铂（Ⅱ）,钯（Ⅱ）,铑（Ⅲ）和金（Ⅲ）氯化亚锡络阴离子的萃取行为及体系在盐酸介质中的分相条件。实验表明在盐酸介质中体系可同时萃取铂（Ⅱ＿,钯（Ⅱ）,铑（Ⅲ）和金（Ⅲ）,对铂,钯,铑 和金的萃取率分别为99．4％,99．0％,98．3％和99．8％,方法可用于从贱金属中分离铂,钯,铑,金,对阳极泥,砂铂矿,废催化剂样品的分离分析结果与其它方法相符。     

氯化钠存在下丙醇-碘化钾体系萃取分离铂、钯的研究

研究了氯化钠存在下丙醇－碘化钾体系对铂（Ⅱ）、钯（Ⅱ）萃取行为及体系在盐酸介质中的分相条件。在盐酸介质中,体系可同时萃取铂（Ⅱ）、钯（Ⅱ）,萃取率分别为99．8％、99．4％,方法可用于从贱金属中分离铂、铯 。对阳极泥、砂铂矿、废催化剂样品中的铂、钯进行了分离,分析结果与其它方法相符,并对萃取机理也进行了探讨。     

丙醇-硫酸铵双水相体系萃取金(Ⅲ)-氯化物-罗丹明B

水溶性聚合物如聚乙二醇 (ＰＥＧ )、吐温(Ｔｗｅｅｎ) 80的水溶液在电解质存在下萃取分离贵金属离子已有报道[1] ;小分子的有机物如乙醇、丙醇在硫酸铵、氯化钠等电解质存在下也能分为两相形成双水相体系 ,可应用于金属离子的分离[2 ] ;该类体系也可以用于萃取分离贵金属络阴离子[3,4] 。我们发现金 (Ⅲ )与氯离子在碱性染料罗丹明Ｂ(ＲｈＢ)参与下所形成的三元缔合物 ,可被丙醇 硫酸铵双水相体系定量萃取而与大量常见贱金属分离 ,体系同时具有溶剂萃取法及溶剂浮选法的优点 :既可以分离简单贵金属络阴离子[3,4] ,又可以分离贵金属三元缔…     

离子交换分离富集极谱法连续测定金、铂、铱和铑

由于贵金属在自然界的相对含量较低及其在工农业生产、信息、生物、医学、能源、新材料诸方面的广泛使用,使得研究连续测定贵金属元素的分析方法显得尤为重要。本实验探索了极谱法连续测定贵金属的一种新途径,对其测定体系和仪器条件进行了最优化研究,使之适合于Au、Pt、Ir及Rh的快速连续测定。方法准确、快速、简便、耗样少、测定成本低。     

贵金属冶金物料中微量钯,铂,铑的双波长分光光度法同量测定的研究

本文提出了用二苄基二硫代乙二酰胺（ＤｂＤＯ）为显色剂分光光度测定铑的方法，并进一步研究了该试剂与钯、铂的反应，从而建立了可在一个试样中同时测定该三元素的方法。在２～３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ溶液中，钯与ＤｂＤＯ在室温显色，用氯仿萃取并用８．４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ振荡有机相，然后在４５４ｎｍ测定。在萃余液中加入ＳｎＣｌ２，并在沸水浴中加热，使铂、铑的ＤｂＤＯ络合物生成，再用氯仿萃取，８．４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ     

丙醇-氯化钠-水体系萃取铑(Ⅲ)-氯化亚锡-2-巯基苯并噻唑络合物的研究与应用

研究了丙醇－氯化钠双水相体系萃取铑（Ⅲ）－氯化亚锡－2－巯基苯并噻唑（MBT）络合物的萃取行为及在丙醇萃取相中的光度性质；实验表明，在HCl介质中，铑（Ⅲ）的萃取率是99％，方法可从Fe、Al、Pb、Zn、Ca等常见金属基体中分离铑（Ⅲ），并建立了双水相体系萃取分光光度法测定微量铑（Ⅲ）的新方法。     

氯化钠-碘化钾-丙醇体系萃取分离汞

在无机盐存在下 ,乙醇水溶液可以分成液 -液两相 [1] .我们通过研究发现 ,在丙醇水溶液中加入无机盐 ,丙醇与水也能分成液 -液两相 .金属离子的缔合物可以在丙醇 -水两相中进行分配 ,其分离操作方式及萃取分离的特点类似于乙醇体系 ,即以丙醇作为萃取溶剂建立均相萃取、异相分离的萃取体系 .本文研究表明 ,在丙醇与水分相条件下 ,Hg( )与 I- 形成的 Hg I2 - 4能被丙醇相萃取 ,控制一定的酸度 ,能使 Hg( )从 Fe( )、Co( )、Ni( )、Mo( )、Mn( )、Zn( )的混合液中分离出来 .正丙醇和氯化钠均为 AR级 ,北京化工厂产品 ;碘化钾 ,A…     

微波辅助聚乙二醇-硫酸铵双水相体系萃取铂、钯及非等温动力学

微波辅助聚乙二醇-硫酸铵双水相体系萃取铂、钯及非等温动力学     

双水相萃取结合液相色谱法分离蛋白质

建立了PEG/( NH4)2SO4双水相体系萃取富集,结合液相色谱分离分析多种蛋白质的方法.考察了无机盐种类和浓度、PEG分子量、pH值和温度等因素对双水相形成以及对细胞色素C、肌红蛋白、牛血清白蛋白、溶菌酶、胰蛋白酶分配行为的影响.结果表明,上述5种蛋白在室温、pH 3.5～9.0范围内,可在15％ PEG-4000/10％ (NH4)2SO4双水相体系中得到富集,且主要集中在下相.同样条件下,血清中的高丰度蛋白在上下相均有分配,下相分配量较大.通过双水相萃取分离蛋白质及对液相色谱一定时间段的色谱峰收集,可初步实现血清中高丰度蛋白质的分离去除.     

正丙醇-氯化钠-4-(2-吡啶偶氮)-间苯二酚双水相萃取光度法测定工业废水中的Zn~(2+)

研究了在简单的丙醇-氯化钠双水相体系中4-(2-吡啶偶氮)-间苯二酚(PAR)与Zn2+形成的配合物的分配行为,建立了分离和测定工业废水中Zn2+的双水相萃取光度分析方法。结果表明,在pH=8.0的Na2B4O7-HCl缓冲溶液中,PAR与Zn2+形成的配合物被萃取到丙醇中,其最大吸收波长为493nm,与PAR和丙醇水溶液的混合液相比,发生了88nm的红移。在该条件下,Zn2+在0.05~0.25μg·mL-1范围内符合比尔定律,其相关系数为0.9989,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为2.26×104 L·mol-1·cm-1。该方法测定工业废水中的Zn2+与原子吸收法结果一致。     

Separation of Iron(III) with Ammonium Thiocyanate‐H2O‐n‐Propyl Alcohol Extraction System in the Presence of Sodium Chloride

The behavior and conditions of liquid‐liquid extraction‐separation of Fe(III) by ammonium thiocyanate‐H₂O‐n‐propyl alcohol system in the presence of NaCl were studied, and the possible reactive mechanism of extraction of Fe(III) was deduced. The study showed that, in the presence of a given amount of NaCl, phases were separated thoroughly between n‐propyl alcohol and water. In the process of phase separation, the complex [Fe(SCN)_n]^(3‐n) formed by NH₄SCN and Fe(III) was quantitatively extracted into the n‐propyl alcohol phase. The extracted Fe(III) exists in the n‐propyl alcohol phase mainly as the forms of Fe(SCN)₂⁺ and Fe(SCN)₃. Also, the relationship between extraction yield of Fe(III) and the amount of NH₄SCN agreed well with the quadratic equation E = 0.54 + 58.14x ? 8.39x² (E and x represent the recovery rate of Fe(III) and the volume (mL) of 0.1 M NH₄SCN respectively). The quadratic R‐Square is 0.9990. With this method, Fe(III) can be completely separated from Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Al(III), Bi(III) and Cd(II) at pH 1.0?2.0. The present method was applied in determining Fe(III) in samples with satisfactory results such as relative standard deviation from 2.06% to 2.89% and recovery rate in the range of 98.4?101.4%.     

Ionic Liquid-salt Aqueous Two-phase System, a Novel System for the Extraction of Abused Drugs

Extraction of drugs from complex sample is a crucial step for determination of drugs. However, most of existing extraction methods use poisonous volatile solvents1. The traditional aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) might be an alternative, but most of phase-forming polymers have high viscidity and form an opaque solution. Recently, ionic liquids (ILs) are gaining attention for their potential use as green solvents and possible replacements for common volatile organic solvents2,3. In this work…     

曙红B-蛋白质-聚乙烯醇体系显色反应及其分析应用

用分光光度法研究了曙红B(EB)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在时的结合反应 ;在最佳反应条件下 ,以试剂空白参比 ,EB -BSA复合物的最大吸收波长在538nm ,BSA的浓度在1.6×10-8～2.8×10-7 mol·L-1 范围符合比尔定律 ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.41×106 L·mol-1·cm-1,Sandell灵敏度s=0.048μg·cm -2 ,对BSA的检出限为4.9×10 -9mol·L -1 ,方法用于人血清中蛋白质总量的测定 ,与经典的考马斯亮蓝G_250方法结果一致     

A Combined Deep Eutectic Solvent–Ionic Liquid Process for the Extraction and Separation of Platinum Group Metals (Pt,Pd, Rh)

Recovery of platinum group metals from spent materials is becoming increasingly relevant due to the high value of these metals and their progressive depletion. In recent years, there is an increased interest in developing alternative and more environmentally benign processes for the recovery of platinum group metals, in line with the increased focus on a sustainable future. To this end, ionic liquids are increasingly investigated as promising candidates that can replace state-of-the-art approaches. Specifically, phosphonium-based ionic liquids have been extensively investigated for the extraction and separation of platinum group metals. In this paper, we present the extraction capacity of several phosphonium-based ionic liquids for platinum group metals from model deep eutectic solvent-based acidic solutions. The most promising candidates, P₆₆₆₁₄Cl and P₆₆₆₁₄B2EHP, which exhibited the ability to extract Pt, Pd, and Rh quantitively from a mixed model solution, were additionally evaluated for their capacity to recover these metals from a spent car catalyst previously leached into a choline-based deep eutectic solvent. Specifically, P₆₆₆₁₄Cl afforded extraction of the three target precious metals from the leachate, while their partial separation from the interfering Al was also achieved since a significant amount (approx. 80%) remained in the leachate.     

氢氧化钠沉淀分离铜、钯的动力学研究及分析应用

进行了氢氧化钠沉淀分离铜钯的动力学研究,计算了用该法分离铜钯对测定引起的误差,将该法用于测定乙醛催化剂中的钯含量,获得满意结果。     

Assessment of environmental contamination risk by Pt, Rh and Pd from automobile catalyst

The main active components of present-day car catalysts are the noble metals Pt, Pd and Rh, belonging to the platinum group elements (PGEs). It is recognized that these elements are being spread into the environment to an as-yet incompletely known extent, mainly due to surface abrasion of the catalyst during car operation. These new pollutants have motivated extensive research on PGE determination. Our work is planned to ascertain the health and ecosystem risks of these PGEs emitted through a series of interrelated objectives that address the pathway of these elements from the catalyst to the different environmental compartments. Combined studies of catalyst surface abrasion and exhaust fumes analysis, the monitoring of Pt, Pd and Rh in airborne particles and road dust sediments and bioaccumulation studies in aquatic organisms, plants and urine enable a realistic assessment of the risk that this release represents for man and environment. In this work some previous results are presented.