Efficient compensation of low-frequency magnetic field disturbances in NMR with fluxgate sensors

A simple stabilization scheme of B(0) magnetic field fluctuations is described. The method is based on external measurements of time dependent magnetic field fluctuations by fluxgate sensors and generation of a compensating correction current in a coil mounted directly on an NMR magnet. It is shown that such an approach efficiently eliminates relatively slow magnetic field variations with frequency up to approximately 100 Hz. In combination with a standard (2)H field-frequency lock system, the method enables acquisition of reproducible lineshapes and dramatically improves overall performance of a high resolution NMR spectrometer. The presented solution might substitute for the internal lock system in these case where deuterium lock is not available.     

磁性液体在磁场中产生光的双折射效应机理

磁性液体是一种特殊的高分子稳定胶体,在磁场中会产生光的双折射效应,对磁性液体在胶体学科方面展开研究,发现磁性液体在磁场中的弱絮凝行为表现异常明显,显示出特有的方向性,且又不至胶体系统失稳,证明了磁性液体中的磁性微粒在磁场中聚集成方向性的链状而又不失稳的临界状态存在。从而揭示了方向性弱絮凝是磁性液体在磁场中产生光的双折射效应的机理。     

APPROXIMATE MODEL OF INTENSE FIELD STABILIZATION FOR HYDROGEN ATOM

An approximate model is proposed to study the stabilization problem of hydrogen atoms under monochromatic intense laser field. The stabilization regime for system parameters such as laser field strength, laser field frequency and atomic magnetic quantum number are obtained by stability analysis of fixed points of the model. The results are consistent with those obtained by other methods.     

地磁环境下基于SQUID三轴磁强计的矢量稳场

超导量子干涉器件(Superconducting Quantum Interference Device,简称SQUID)是一种高灵敏度的矢量磁探测器.本文采用低温超导SQUID作为传感器,搭建了一套三轴矢量磁场稳定装置.该系统由两个三轴SQUID磁强计模块、比例积分微分(PID)控制器和反馈线圈组组成.在该系统的矢量稳场下,磁场波动峰峰值在有效带宽内可以降低四个数量级,可达pT量级,稳场效果显著.此技术可以满足大部分需要稳定磁场,如高灵敏度磁传感器的标定等应用场合.     

Formation of tight plasma pinches and generation of high-power soft x-ray radiation pulses in fast Z-pinch implosions

Argon K-shell plasma radiation source experiments were carried out on the GIT-12 generator [Bugaev, S.P. et al., 1997, Russian Phys. Journal, 40, 38] for a long (300 ns) implosion regime. The performance of a shell-on-solid-fill double gas puff was characterized in the experiments with and without an external axial magnetic field. The maximum Ar K-shell radiation yield registered in the experiments without an axial magnetic field was at the level of 1100 J/cm. This yield is consistent with the theoretically predicted yield for a short (100 ns) implosion regime. The experiments showed that the initial magnetic field which provides stabilization of the shell-on-solid-fill double gas puff was lower than that required for stabilization of a single annular gas puff. Satisfactory stabilization of the double gas puff was observed at an initial axial magnetic field of 1.4 kG. The maximum Ar K-shell radiation yield registered in the experiments with the axial magnetic field did not exceed 400 J/cm. A sharp reduction of the K-shell yield cannot be explained only by taking into account the energy losses associated with the compression of the axial magnetic field. Original Text ? Astro, Ltd., 2006.     

Off-resonance laser frequency stabilization using the Faraday effect

We present a simple technique for stabilization of a laser frequency off resonance using the Faraday effect in a heated vapor cell with an applied magnetic field. In particular, we demonstrate stabilization of a 780 nm laser detuned up to 14 GHz from the (85)Rb D(2) 5(2)S(1/2) F = 2 to 5(2)P(3/2) F' = 3 transition. Control of the temperature of the vapor cell and the magnitude of the applied magnetic field allows locking ~6-14 GHz red and blue detuned from the atomic line. We obtain an rms fluctuation of 7 MHz over 1 h without stabilization of the cell temperature or magnetic field.     

Stabilization of Drift Instabilities of an Inhomogeneous Plasma by Means of an RF Electric Field

The possibility of stabilizing effects that an rf electric field imposes on drift instabilities in an inhomogeneous plasma is investigated. A two-species, nonisothermal plasma, situated in an externally applied static magnetic field is considered with the rf electric field applied in the same direction as the dc magnetic field. The plasma is "mildly" inhomogeneous in density, with a density gradient perpendicular to the confining magnetic field. Using a hydrodynamic model for the plasma it is found that under certain conditions an increase in the frequency of the drift oscillations is obtained as the result of the application of the rf electric field. The increase in the frequency of the drift oscillations results in an increase in the magnitude of the stabilizing term associated with Landau damping which in turn yields a smaller growth rate for the drift instability. Discussions of the state of the plasma for different values of the frequency of the applied electric field are presented and the feasible ranges of values of the above quantity required for stabilization are determined. It is concluded that the resulting stabilization is significant only in a very narrow rf band. Therefore, the application of this technique appears to be a difficult experimental undertaking.     

用于全光铯原子磁力仪的激光器稳频技术研究

全光铯原子磁力仪是采用光学的方法实现微弱磁场检测,激光频率稳定性直接影响磁力仪的灵敏度。分析了二向色性原子蒸气激光频率锁定(Dichroic atomic vapor laser lock DAVLL)技术用于稳定激光器频率的原理,及其在全光原子磁力仪中的应用优势,发现通常的二能级原子模型不适用于分析铯原子D2线的稳频。实验测量了不同磁场下铯原子D2线基态Fg=4和Fg=3跃迁的DAVLL光谱,发现16mT是实现DAVLL稳频的最佳磁场;在此磁场附近,基态Fg=4跃迁鉴频曲线零点相对于Fg=4→Fe=5跃迁会产生6MHz/mT的线性频移,基态Fg=3跃迁鉴频曲线零点相对于Fg=3→Fe=4线会产生-9MHz/mT的线性频移。     

Investigation of the dynamics of angular motion and construction of algorithms for controlling the angular momentum of spacecraft using a magnetic attitude control system

The problem of controlling the angular momentum of spacecraft using magnetic attitude control systems interacting with the Earth’s magnetic field is considered. A mathematical model for the angular motion dynamics of a spacecraft has been constructed. An approach to determining the parameters of the control law for a spacecraft attitude control and stabilization system that ensures angular momentum dissipation is proposed.     

Stabilization effect of Weibel modes due to inverse bremsstrahlung absorption in laser fusion plasma using Krook collisions model

In this work, the Weibel instability due to inverse bremsstrahlung absorption in laser fusion plasma has been investigated. The stabilization effect due to the coupling of the self-generated magnetic field by Weibel instability with the laser wave field is explicitly showed. The main result obtained in this work is that the inclusion of self-generated magnetic field due to Weibel instability to the inverse bremsstrahlung absorption causes a stabilizing effect of excited Weibel modes. We found a decrease in the spectral range of Weibel unstable modes. This decrease is accompanied by a reduction of two orders in the growth rate of instability or even stabilization of these modes. It has been shown that the previous analyses of the Weibel instability due to inverse bremsstrahlung have overestimated the values of the generated magnetic fields. Therefore, the generation of magnetic fields by the Weibel instability due to inverse bremsstrahlung should not affect the experiences of an inertial confinement fusion.     

Magnon instability in the free-carrier absorption in magnetic semiconductors under a strong d.c. magnetic field

The magnon damping in an electron-magnon system in the presence of a laser beam and a d.c. magnetic field is discussed. It is shown that near the laser-cyclotron resonance, and for the laser beam propagating perpendicularly to the magnetic field the magnon population in a relatively narrow range of k may grow with time.     

Gradiometric investigation of a cesium-vapor quantum magnetometer

Experiments aimed to determine the sensitivity and the optical shift of the output frequency of a magnetometer based on optical pumping of cesium atoms and intended for a neutron magnetic resonance stabilization system are described. A gradiometric arrangement used in these experiments makes it possible to reduce the effect of magnetic field variations on measurements.     

Magnon instability by a radiation field in magnetic semiconductors and strong d.c. magnetic fields

The magnon damping in an electron-magnon system in the presence of a laser beam and a d.c. magnetic field is discussed. It is shown that near the laser-cyclotron resonance, and for the laser beam propagating perpendicularly to the magnetic field the magnon population in a relatively narrow range of k may grow with time.     

Axial discharge stabilization using a rotating magnetic field

A new axial gas discharge stabilization technique is described. Thermal instabilities and discharge constrictions are suppressed through the use of a transverse rotating magnetic field. The enhanced plasma stability observed is a result of a transverse Lorentz force that deflects the plasma column off-axis. As the magnetic field rotates, the plasma sweeps across the tube cross-section at the angular velocity of the impressed field. A 25% increase in power loading has been achieved using the stabilization technique.     

Electric-field-modified Feshbach resonances in ultracold atom–molecule collision

We present a detailed analysis of near zero-energy Feshbach resonances in ultracold collisions of atom and molecule,taking the He–PH system as an example, subject to superimposed electric and magnetic static fields. We find that the electric field can induce Feshbach resonance which cannot occur when only a magnetic field is applied, through couplings of the adjacent rotational states of different parities. We show that the electric field can shift the position of the magnetic Feshbach resonance, and change the amplitude of resonance significantly. Finally, we demonstrate that, for narrow magnetic Feshbach resonance as in most cases of ultracold atom–molecule collision, the electric field may be used to modulate the resonance, because the width of resonance in electric field scale is relatively larger than that in magnetic field scale.     

L 0 - phonon instability in the free-carrier absorption in semiconductors under strong magnetic fields

The LO- phonon damping in an electron-phonon system in the presence of a laser beam and a d. c. magnetic field is discussed. It is shown that near the laser-cyclotron resonance, and for the laser beam propagating perpendicularly to the magnetic field the LO-phonon population in a relatively narrow range of $\text{K}$ may grow with time.     

Magnetic field stabilization of a two-dimensional fluid jet: a multiple relaxation Lattice Boltzmann simulation

The stabilization of a two-dimensional fluid jet from the Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability by an external parallel magnetic field is examined by lattice Boltzmann techniques. For sufficiently strong magnetic fields, the jet does not break up into large-scale vortices but retains the major features of the jet, albeit somewhat expanded. There are time-dependent striations within the expanded jet.     

Magnetic aftereffects and the barkhausen effect in a magnesium manganese ferrite single crystal

The temperature dependence of the critical magnetic field [H₀(T)] of a magnesium manganese ferrite single crystal is analyzed, together with the changes taking place in the critical magnetic field with time, H₀(t), the temperature dependence of the domain-boundary stabilization field H_st(T), and the time required to establish the equilibrium state of the domain boundaries; the domain structure is examined, and the induced anisotropy constant is calculated; so is the activation energy of the process leading to the stabilization of the domain boundaries. The magnetic aftereffects and the Barkhausen jumps accompanying them are of a diffusion nature.     

Effect of magnetic stabilization of Rydberg atoms and multiparticle complexes in an ultracold plasma

Magnetic stabilization of Rydberg atoms and multiparticle complexes in an ultracold plasma placed in a magnetic field owing to the diamagnetic shift similar to the diamagnetic shift in semiconductors has been predicted.     

Stabilization of neoclassical tearing modes by an externally applied static helical field

The effect of a static helical magnetic field on the nonlinear growth of the neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) is investigated. The NTM is found to be stabilized by an externally applied helical field of a different helicity if the field magnitude is sufficiently large, suggesting a very simple method for stabilizing the NTM. The mechanism responsible for this stabilization is the decreased fundamental harmonic pressure perturbation of the NTM in the presence of the helical field.