Dynamic Study of Gemini Surfactant and Single-chain Surfactant at Air／Water Interface

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation are used to study the properties of gemini surfactant of ethyl-α,ω-bis(dodecyldimethylammonium bromide) (C12C2C12) and dodecyl-trimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) at the air/water interface, respectively. In the two systems,t he surfactant concentrations are both 28 wt.%, and other conditions are also the same. After reaching the thermodynamic equilibrium, the concentration profiles, the radial distributions functions (RDF) and the mean squared displacement (MSD) are investigated. The results reveal that the surface activity of C12C2C12 surfactant is higher than DTAB surfactant.     

Effect of Thermal History on Rheological Properties of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide／Anionic Surfactant SDS Complex Systems

The effects of thermal history on the rheological properties of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/sodium dodecyl sulfate complex aqueous solutions have been studied using both steady shear and dynamic temperature sweep characterizations. An abnormal rheological behavior was found that dynamic moduli of the aqueous solutions increased, while the viscosity decreased after thermal treatment,which could help to gain insight into the micro-phase evolution of the polymer/surfactant complex aqueous solutions and its dependence on temperature     

Water／Oil Biphasic Hydroformylation of Higher Olefins over a TPPTS-Rh／SiO2 Catalyst

A novel TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 catalyst, prepared by directly modifying a heterogeneous high-surface-area Rh/SiO2 catalyst with water-soluble TPPTS ligands, could decrease the resistance of masstransfer in water/oil biphasic media for the hydroformylation of higher olefins. The catalytic performancefor hydroformylation on this biphasic TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 catalyst system was higher than those of thetraditional biphasic HRhCO(TPPTS)3 systems, owing to the chemical bonds between the highly dispersedRh metal particles and the TPPTS ligands. The catalyst system is applicable for hydroformylation ofhigher olefins such as 1-dodecene.     

Study on the Phase Behavior of Supercritical CO2／Dynol—604／Water System and Solubilization of Methyl Orange in the Microemulsions

It was found that Dynol-604, a non-fluorous and no silicon-containing nonionic surfactant,was soluble in supercritical (SC) CO2. The phase behavior of SC CO2/Dynol-604/water system was studies. The results showed that one-phase water-in-CO2 microemulsions could be fromed. The solubilization of methyl orange in the microemulsions proved further the existence of water domain in the microemulsions.     

In situ Observation of the Photochromism in the Langmuir Monolayer of a Non—typical Amphiphilic Spiropyran Derivative at the Air／Water Interface

In situ photochromic process in the monolayer of aphotochromic spiropyran derivative without long alkyl chain,was investigated.The photochromism at the air/water interface under differnet surface pressures was studied by surface pressure-area isotherms,surface pressure-time curves,area-time curves and Brewster angle microscopy.Both forms of the compound were found to form monolayers at the air/water interface althouhg it does not have long alkyl chain.A large area expansion in the monolayer corresponding to a zreo^th order reaction was found at the initial stage of the UV light irradiation.A series of dynamic investigations revealed that at high pressure after phase transition in the monolayer,the surface pressure changes greatly umder alternative irradiation of UV and visible light.An obvious morphological change accompanying with the photochromism was observed in situ.     

Reduction of Azides to Amines with New Metal／Lewis Acid Systems in H2O or Aqueous EtOH

The azides were reduced to the corresponding amines by two new meml/LEwis acid systems in water or in aqueous EtOH in yields ranging from 80%-95%. The reaction rates were faster in water than in aqueous EtOH in most cases. All 16 azides with different functional groups were well reduced to the corresponding amines in excellent yields and reaction rates.     

阴离子表面活性剂在油水界面聚集的分子动力学模拟

用分子动力学方法模拟了油、水和阴离子表面活性剂组成的混合溶液从初始“均相”到“油水两相”分离的动力学过程, 研究了十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)在界面分离过程中的作用. 模拟发现, 油水两相能够在短时间内分离达到平衡, 形成一个明显的油水界面; 在SDBS存在情况下, 油水界面的分离时间随着SDBS浓度的增加逐渐增加, 达到平衡时SDBS会在界面处形成一个明显的界面膜, 并对油水界面处的水分子有限制作用. 模拟表明, 分子动力学方法可以作为实验的一种补充, 为实验提供必要的微观分子结构信息.     

Investigations of Water Morphology in Reverse Micelles: Mesoscopic Simulation and IR Spectral Analysis

Abstract

A simple model, i.e., sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate [Aerosol OT (AOT)] represented by one‐head and two‐tail beads tied together by a harmonic spring and water or isooctane by one bead, was put forward via dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation method. According to the experimental AOT/water/isooctane system, the aggregates of simulated reverse micelle can be obtained in the three‐dimensional cell. Three types of water morphology, such as bound water, trapped water, and bulky water, were distinguished using the water isodensity slice in DPD simulation. The IR spectra experiment also showed three types of water in the same system. One conclusion is that DPD simulation can be considered as an adjunct to experiments and provide other valuable information for the experiment.     

聚合物PVP与表面活性剂AOT相互作用的介观模拟

用耗散颗粒动力学模拟(DPD)方法研究了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)与2-乙基己基琥珀酸酯磺酸钠(AOT)之间的相互作用.在三维模拟格子中,聚合物链均方末端距〈r²〉随着表面活性剂浓度的增加呈现一种首先减小,接着增加,然后又减小的趋势.构型和结构分析表明,AOT的加入能够引起聚合物链的二面角分布发生改变,这意味着AOT与PVP产生了相互作用.同时表面活性剂/聚合物体系的聚集形态也可以在DPD三维模拟格子中直观显现出来.     

淀粉微球形成过程的介观模拟及实验

以环己烷为油相、淀粉乳液为水相、Span60和Tween60为乳化剂,对淀粉微球的形成过程进行了耗散粒子动力学(DPD)模拟及实验研究.模拟结果表明,淀粉微球的形成过程存在四个阶段,即淀粉与乳化剂分子无规则分散阶段、小聚集体形成阶段、球状聚集体形成阶段和稳定平衡阶段,并且发现油水比是影响聚集体是否能形成球状的关键因素.油水比小于7的条件下,油水两相分离较难,水相呈现片状、十字型状、柱状及椭球状等形状;当油水比增加到8,水相能形成微球且微球粒径随油水比增加而减小.同时实验结果表明,油水比为8时,微球粘连,几乎看不清球状形貌,油水比为10～20时,微球的粒径随油水比的增大而减小.实验结果很好地吻合了模拟结果.     

烷基苯磺酸盐在油水界面行为的介观模拟

采用耗散颗粒动力学(DPD)方法在介观层次上模拟了表面活性剂烷基苯磺酸盐在油/水界面的排布行为, 考察了分子结构、浓度、盐度、油相等因素对表面活性剂界面密度和界面效率的影响, 并探讨了利用表面活性剂复配协同效应提高界面活性的理论机制. 分子模拟给出的分子水平的微观信息为强化采油技术中配方筛选和表面活性剂的有效应用提供指导.     

介观模拟研究水包油型微乳液的形成及稳定性

采用耗散颗粒动力学模拟方法从介观尺度上研究了水包油(O/W)型微乳液的形成条件并对所形成的O/W型微乳液的耐环境(油水体积比、温度、盐度和剪切作用)稳定性进行分析。结果表明,油水体积比小于1:3时,油水界面张力最小,可以形成O/W型微乳液。此微乳液具有一定的耐低温稳定性,其耐温稳定性范围为0.8 kBT~1.0 kBT。在此温度范围内,1.0 kBT时的微乳液具有最好的耐盐性,αHH降低为22时微乳液才发生相转变。此外,剪切作用对不同条件下所形成的微乳液具有一定破坏作用,当温度为1.0 kBT、αHH为25时,剪切速率增加到0.009,微乳液才受到破坏,也就是说,此条件下的微乳液是稳定的。此模拟结果从介观尺度上提供了微乳液的结构变化,为微乳液的实际应用提供理论指导。     

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Sulfobetaine-Type Zwitterionic Surfactant at the Decane/Water Interface

Automated Topology Builder (ATB) and GAMESS (US) were used to build the model of a new sulfobetaine-type zwitterionic surfactant. And a serious of molecular dynamics simulations of the new sulfobetaine-type zwitterionic surfactant were performed at the decane/water interface by GROMACS, the influence of surfactant structure to the interfacial properties was investigated. The results show that the surfactant molecules can adsorb at the decane/water interface closely and reduce the interfacial tension significantly between decane and water. In another word, the model of the sulfobetaine-type zwitterionic surfactant is correct. The minimum interfacial tension could reach up to 1.6 mN · m^?1 when the number of surfactants was up to 134, which corresponds to the critical micelle concentration and consistent with the experimental values of the system.     

DPD Simulation on the Transformation and Stability of O/W and W/O Microemulsions

The dissipative particle dynamics simulation method is adopted to investigate the microemulsion systems prepared with surfactant (H1T1), oil (O) and water (W), which are expressed by coarse-grained models. Two topologies of O/W and W/O microemulsions are simulated with various oil and water ratios. Inverse W/O microemulsion transform to O/W microemulsion by decreasing the ratio of oil-water from 3:1 to 1:3. The stability of O/W and W/O microemulsion is controlled by shear rate, inorganic salt and the temperature, and the corresponding results are analyzed by the translucent three-dimensional structure, the mean interfacial tension and end-to-end distance of H1T1. The results show that W/O microemulsion is more stable than O/W microemulsion to resist higher inorganic salt concentration, shear rate and temperature. This investigation provides a powerful tool to predict the structure and the stability of various microemulsion systems, which is of great importance to developing new multifunctional microemulsions for multiple applications.     

阴离子表面活性剂在水/正烷烃界面的分子动力学模拟(英文)

利用分子动力学模拟方法研究了阴离子表面活性剂在水/正烷烃(壬烷,癸烷和十一碳烷)界面的结构和动力学特点.十六烷基苯磺酸钠作为研究对象,其中苯磺酸基团在十六碳烷的第4号碳原子上,记作4-C16.分析了不同油相和特定盐度条件下正烷烃-表面活性剂-水体系的界面特点(如密度剖面图、界面张力和径向分布函数).模拟结果表明平衡模型体系展现了一个很好的水/正烷烃界面.当加氯化钠到水溶液中,正烷烃-表面活性剂-水体系的界面张力有微小的变化,有趣的是表面活性剂二面角的反式结构分数的变化联系着界面张力的微小变化.可见,表面活性剂在界面处的结构对降低界面张力起到重要的作用.此外,还发现表面活性剂的极性头与钠离子和水分子存在较强的相互作用.