变截面梁动力响应的频域传递矩阵计算方法

为提高变截面梁振动分析的计算效率,提出了基于频域传递矩阵法的动力计算算法．首先,选择线速度、角速度、弯矩和剪力作为求解变量,通过Laplace变换将变截面梁的动力响应时域偏微分方程转换为频域常微分方程;然后,通过求解频域方程并结合协调和边界条件建立变截面梁的频域传递矩阵;通过构造傅里叶级数展开形式的时域响应函数,对变截面梁传递矩阵方法求解的频响函数进行Laplace逆变换,建立了变截面梁的固有特性计算和时域瞬态响应计算方法,最后,借助数值仿真软件,开发了变截面梁动力响应分析的计算程序．完成对算例的仿真计算和分析,并与有限元计算结果进行对比,数值结果验证了该方法的正确性和有效性．     

有限元瞬态响应分析软件的一种并行开发方法

瞬态响应分析是有限元动力分析的重要内容之一，而串行计算机上运行的有限元软件在解题规模和速度上都受到很大限制。为此，基于系统集成思想对串行有限元软件进行并行开发。分析得出了瞬态响应分析并行开发的重点——位移方程组的瞬态响应，给出了线性方程组并行求解的思路和实现方法。用一个实例系统的实现验证了上述开发思路，从而也为并行应用软件开发探索了一条新的途径；最后对并行求解程序进行了算例验证。     

周期变速旋转运动电流变夹层梁的参激振动

采用多尺度法对周期变速旋转运动电流变夹层梁的动力稳定性进行了研究. 假设电流变夹层梁绕固定轴线做随时间变化的简谐周期运动,将变速度转动梁作为一个时变参激振动系统,分析了不同结构和控制参数对失稳区域的影响. 仿真结果表明,改变外加控制电场强度的大小和梁的结构参数,可改变旋转电流变夹层梁发生动力失稳的临界角速度和失稳区域. 故在一定的条件下,可以通过控制作用于电流变夹层梁的电场强度来调节旋转运动柔性梁的振动特性,提高结构的动力稳定性.      

铝面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弹性弯曲的二维模型

将面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁的弯曲问题按平面应力问题研究,采用弹性理论建立了铝面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弯曲变形的微分方程,利用奇异函数把作用在梁上的外载荷表示为分布载荷,推导出了铝面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弯曲变形时的挠曲线表达式．采用该方法对面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弯曲挠度进行计算,将求得的计算结果与有限元法结果及实验数据进行对比,发现该方法求得的梁中点挠度更接近实验值,这说明该方法可靠的．该方法给出了铝面板PMI泡沫芯夹层梁弯曲时的挠度计算通式,而且梁中点挠度计算公式的表达形式也较为简便,可方便工程设计人员在工程实际中推广应用．     

阻尼夹层筋板结构有限元动力分析

在小变形线弹性理论基础上，导出了粘弹性阻尼夹层筋板壳结构的有限元动力方程，构造了壳单元、阻尼夹层壳单元和开口薄壁梁单元。采用这些单元可以很好地模拟具有不连续阻尼夹层处理的筋板壳结构。数值分析采用［３］中提出的两次渐近法。通过一块阻尼加筋板的特征分析和振动测量，证实了所建立的有限元两次渐近法的良好精度和广泛的工程适用性。     

考虑桥面板空间组合作用的组合空腹夹层板桥刚度研究

针对组合空腹夹层板桥的刚度计算,基于实体单元模型的参数化分析结果,提出了采用刚度放大系数来修正杆系模型结果的实用方法.推导了考虑剪切变形的简支钢空腹梁的等代抗弯刚度,并乘以刚度放大系数来分析混凝土板对结构的影响;与已有试验进行对比,验证壳-实体有限元建模方法的正确性,进一步分析了混凝土板和钢空腹梁截面参数对刚度放大系数...     

考虑微观粘滑的连接梁结构动力响应分析

连接的存在对结构的动力学响应有重要影响.界面的微观/宏观粘滑运动引起结构刚度和阻尼的非线性.传统的结构动力学研究中通常采用等效线性化的方式处理含连接结构的动响应分析问题.本文从连接界面微/宏观滑移运动引起结构非线性和阻尼迟滞的物理机理出发,利用一种弹簧-滑块并联系统模型模拟界面上的微/宏观粘滑行为,以该模型描述的本构关系为基础,推导了能应用于平面梁结构有限元动响应分析的非线性连接单元.利用上述模型和单元研究了含连接平面梁结构的动响应问题.设计了实验件,进行了力锤冲击实验,并将数值计算结果与实验结果进行了对比和分析.结果表明,界面微/宏观粘滑是引起干摩擦阻尼的主要原因,考虑非线性微/宏观粘滑运动对含连接结构的动响应分析至关重要.本文的模型和方法能够有效地预测含连接结构的非线性动力学响应,特别是在瞬态响应的高振幅阶段.     

结构动力分析自适应有限元方法综述

结构动力分析自适应有限元方法主要研究有限元动力分析的误差估计理论,建立适用于复杂结构动力分析的有限元网格自适应过程．介绍了结构动力问题自适应有限元方法的重要发展,包括固有振动和动响应分析的误差估计及相应的自适应策略;且简要介绍了几种现有的网格生成技术及其特点．最后指出这种方法存在的问题和今后的研究方向．     

层状饱和土中管桩瞬态扭转振动研究

对瞬态扭转激振荷载作用下层状饱和土中端承管桩的动力响应问题进行了研究。首先借助Laplace变换和分离变量法解耦Biot波动方程,土层层间动力相互作用简化为分布式线弹簧,并结合桩-土交界面上的应力和位移连续边界条件,导出了各节段管桩在Laplace变换域内扭转动力响应的解析表达式;然后,根据阻抗函数传递原理,并对得到的解进行Laplace数值逆变换,最终获得了瞬态扭转荷载作用下层状饱和土中管桩动力响应的时域解答。研究表明：桩顶作用三角形或半正弦荷载情况下,最大桩顶扭转角产生时刻落后于最大荷载对应时刻;且当桩周土渗透系数处于相对较高和较低范围内,桩顶转角几乎保持不变,在中间范围内则随渗透系数增大而增大;硬夹层的存在将使桩身上部扭矩增大,下部扭矩减小,软夹层下规律相反。     

变截面多稳态梁结构减振吸能分析与优化设计

基于多稳态梁结构具有吸能且可重复使用的特点,本文研究包含变截面多稳态梁的单胞结构及其周期性排布的减振吸能效应及其优化设计方法。对多稳态结构进行考虑几何非线性的位移加载/卸载有限元仿真,根据其载荷-位移曲线分析多稳态结构的减振吸能原理,并研究串联与并联周期性排布形式对结构整体吸能特性的影响规律。研究基于多参数调控的变截面梁结构形状表征方法,根据多稳态结构储能特点建立变截面多稳态单胞结构的结构优化模型,通过求解优化问题获得总质量不变条件下最优变截面梁结构形状。进一步地通过对优化结果的有限元分析验证优化的有效性,并对结构进行瞬态冲击荷载下动响应分析,证明多稳态结构的冲击保护作用。     

黏弹夹芯板的有限元建模及实验研究

从有限元分析和数值模拟及实验验证的角度研究了黏弹夹芯板的频率依赖振动特性。夹芯板中间层为黏弹性材料,其刚度和阻尼的频率依赖性行为直接影响系统的模态频率和阻尼,并导致振动模式求解的复杂化。采用三阶七参数Biot模型描述黏弹性材料频率相关的黏弹性行为。开发了三层四节点28自由度的夹芯板单元,基于经典板理论和哈密顿原理建立了黏弹夹芯板的有限元动力学方程。通过引入辅助耗散坐标,将Biot模型和黏弹夹芯板的有限元动力学模型结合起来,并将其转化为常规二阶线性系统形式,极大简化了求解非线性振动特性的过程。对一边固定、另三边自由的黏弹夹芯板进行了前三阶固有频率和损耗因子的预测,并与实验结果对比。数值模拟结果和实验结果吻合良好,说明所提有限元方法是正确有效的。     

Performance of metallic honeycomb-core sandwich beams under shock loading

Stainless steel square honeycomb core sandwich and solid monolithic beams have been subjected to high-pressure, short-duration impulses using a shock simulation technique involving high-speed impact of Al foam projectiles. The experiments have been designed to achieve two objectives: (i) to demonstrate the benefits of sandwich construction, and (ii) to assess the fidelity of dynamic finite element calculations in simulating the structural response. The results affirm that, when subjected to impulse levels representative of those associated with nearby explosions, the sandwich beams exhibit smaller displacements than the solid beams at equivalent weight. The benefit is especially large at lower impulses where the effective dynamic strength of the honeycomb core prevents crushing. The measurements and finite element simulations having greatest relevance to the shock resistance are found to correspond closely, particularly the displacements and the core crushing strains. One implication is that the dynamic finite element model has the requisite fidelity at impulse levels of interest.     

高速颗粒流冲击下负泊松比力学超材料夹芯梁的动态响应及缓冲吸能机理

建立了颗粒流子弹发射有限元模型,利用离散元和有限元的联合模拟方法,研究了高速颗粒流冲击负泊松比内凹蜂窝夹芯梁的动态响应及缓冲吸能机理。分析了加载冲量、冲击角、芯材强度以及颗粒流子弹与面板间的摩擦力等因素对夹芯梁动态响应的影响。研究结果表明:夹芯梁在正向颗粒流子弹冲击载荷作用下表现为局部凹陷和整体弯曲的耦合变形模式,面内设计芯材因胞壁弯曲呈现局部内凹的变形模式,面外设计芯材因胞壁屈曲呈现局部褶皱的变形模式。在等面密度的条件下,采用面外设计的硬芯夹芯梁面板的跨中最大挠度比采用面内设计的软芯夹芯梁小,但初始冲击力峰值和冲击力整体水平较高,冲击力响应时间较短。夹芯梁前后面板的跨中最大挠度与冲击载荷近似呈对数线性递增关系。与正向冲击相比,斜冲击下夹芯梁的变形模式具有非对称性,局部凹陷程度减小;在颗粒流子弹不同冲击角度作用下,夹芯梁前后面板的跨中最大挠度、初始冲击力峰值以及传递到夹芯梁的动能和动量占比随冲击角度的增大而减小,而颗粒流子弹与夹芯梁面板间的摩擦因数对夹芯梁的动态响应无显著影响。     

Spectral strip-element method for beams treated with active constrained layer damping

For vibration analysis of beams fully treated with active constrained layer damping (ACLD), a new approach called spectral strip-element method (SSEM) based on the spectral finite element method (SFEM) is proposed. It can avoid difficulties in solving the characteristic equation with higher orders and unknown parameters for wave numbers when using the SFEM; simultaneously, advantages of a very few elements and high accuracy of the SFEM are kept. A numerical example shows that the proposed method is very effective and reliable, compared with the exact solutions resulted from the spectral transfer matrix method (STMM).     

A theoretical analysis of the dynamic response of metallic sandwich beam under impulsive loading

The objective of this paper is to analytically study the dynamic response of a fully clamped metallic sandwich beam under impulsive loading. The membrane factor method is employed to derive the solutions for large deflections and time responses of the sandwich beam, in which the interaction of bending and stretching is considered. Moreover, tighter ‘bounds’ of the solutions are obtained. It is shown that the present solutions are in good agreements with the previous finite element results and lie in the bounds of the solutions. It is clear that core strength and membrane force induced by large deflections have significant effects on the dynamic response of sandwich beam with increasing the transient deflections. The present method is efficient and simple for the dynamic response analysis of large deflections of metallic sandwich structures.     

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Free Vibrations of Composite Sandwich Beams with Curvature and Debonds

In this paper experimental and numerical results concerning the dynamic response of composite sandwich beams with curvature and debonds are reported. Sandwich beams made of carbon/epoxy face sheets and polyurethane foam core material were manufactured with four different radii of curvature and debonds between the top and bottom interface of face sheet and foam core. Dynamic response was obtained using the impulse frequency response technique under clamped-clamped boundary condition. Experimental results were compared with numerical finite element model results. A combined experimental and numerical FE approach was used to determine the material properties of the skin and foam core materials based on modal vibration and static flexure tests. Results indicate that the fundamental frequency increases with increasing curvature angle, however, for higher frequencies; the natural frequencies are not significantly affected. Also, it is found that face/core debond causes reduction of the natural frequencies due to stiffness degradation.     

High-order layerwise mechanics and finite element for the damped dynamic characteristics of sandwich composite beams

A high-order discrete-layer theory and a finite element are presented for predicting the damping of laminated composite sandwich beams. The new layerwise laminate theory involves quadratic and cubic terms for approximation of the in-plane displacement in each discrete layer, while interlaminar shear stress continuity is imposed through the thickness. Integrated damping mechanics are formulated and both laminate and structural stiffness, mass and damping matrices are formed. A finite element method and a beam element are further developed for predicting the free vibration response, including modal frequencies, modal loss factors and through-thickness mode shapes. Numerical results and evaluations of the present model are shown. Modal frequencies and damping of sandwich composite beams are measured and correlated with predicted values. Finally, parametric studies illustrate the effect of core thickness and face lamination on modal damping and frequency values.     

Finite element analysis of the dynamic response of clamped sandwich beams subject to shock loading

The finite element (FE) method is employed to analyse the response of clamped sandwich beams subject to shock loadings. Pressure versus time histories representative of shock loadings are applied uniformly to the outer face of the sandwich beam; an impulse applied uniformly to the outer face of the sandwich beam is shown to model adequately shock loadings. Material elasticity and strain hardening representative of structural steels have only a minor effect upon the beam response. Further, the magnitude of the compressive strength of the core has only a limited influence upon the dynamic response of the sandwich beam for the representative range of core strengths considered. The FE results for the deflections and structural response time agree well with the rigid ideally-plastic analytical predictions of Fleck and Deshpande (J. Appl. Mech. (2003), in press).     

孔结构金属复合夹芯板抗爆炸冲击响应及吸能特性研究

采用有限元方法研究爆炸载荷下四边固支孔结构金属复合夹芯板的动力响应及吸能特性,给出了孔结构金属复合夹芯板的动力响应过程,得到夹芯板的变形模式,比较了孔结构金属复合夹芯板与非孔结构金属复合夹芯板的抗爆炸冲击性能,同时讨论了孔大小、间距、排布方式和面板质量分布等因素对孔结构金属复合夹芯板抗爆炸冲击性能的影响。研究结果表明,迎爆面外面板的孔设计使爆炸冲击波穿过孔洞直接作用在芯材上,增强了芯材的压缩,从而提高了夹芯板的能量吸收能力。同等面密度情况下,内外面板厚度比大于1的孔结构金属复合夹芯板变形挠度小于内外面板厚度比小于1的孔结构金属复合夹芯板。进一步研究发现,通过合理设计内外面板的质量分布,可以使孔结构金属复合夹芯板的抗爆炸冲击性能最优。     

金属正交波纹夹芯结构的动态压缩响应

通过理论和数值方法,对冲击载荷下金属正交波纹夹芯结构的动态压缩响应进行了研究。考虑材料应变率影响,建立了金属正交波纹夹芯结构动态响应的理论模型,同时对它的动态压缩响应进行了有限元模拟。结果表明,考虑材料应变率影响的理论模型的预测结果与有限元模拟结果吻合较好。进一步对多层正交波纹夹芯结构的动态压缩响应进行了数值模拟,获得了不同速度冲击下的变形模式,分析了层数对其动态响应的影响。研究发现,通过增加层数能够有效地增强结构的缓冲吸能能力,但层数超过4层以后增强效果不明显。