考虑混凝土材料非均质特性的近场动力学模型

混凝土内部微细观结构影响其损伤和破坏行为.鉴于传统连续介质力学在模拟混凝土损伤累积和渐进破坏过程中存在的问题,基于数值图像技术获得混凝土试件的内部骨料形态,采用键型近场动力学理论,建立了能够考虑混凝土非均质特性的近场动力学模型,并在ABAQUS平台下开发了相应的计算模块,进行了混凝土试样的拉伸和压缩细观破坏分析.结果表明:近场动力学模型和数值方法能够成功模拟混凝土材料的复杂破坏过程,得到的破坏现象与试验结果吻合程度较好,进一步探究了混凝土材料的破坏机制,完善了混凝土结构的破坏分析过程.     

爆炸和冲击载荷下金属材料及结构的动态失效仿真

通过数值模拟研究爆炸冲击载荷下金属材料和结构的动态失效规律,对表征爆炸冲击毁伤效应及设计新型抗冲击结构有重要意义.强动载下金属材料失效涉及材料大变形、热力耦合、材料状态变化等多个复杂物理过程,给数值仿真带来了极大挑战,其中包括裂纹、剪切带等复杂失效模式的几何描述、动态失效准则的确定、塑性与损伤耦合演化的描述等问题.针对...     

RBF-PU方法求解二维非局部扩散问题和近场动力学问题

采用单位分解径向基函数(radial basis function partition of unity,RBF-PU)方法,数值求解了二维非局部扩散问题和近场动力学问题。主要思想是对求解区域进行局部划分,在局部子区域上分别进行函数逼近,然后加权得到未知函数的全局逼近。这种基于方程强形式的径向基函数方法在求解非局部问题时,不需要处理网格与球形邻域求交的问题,避免了额外的一层积分计算,实施简便,计算量小。数值实验显示计算结果与解析解吻合较好,RBF-PU方法可以准确有效地求解非局部扩散方程和近场动力学方程。     

偏心冲击荷载作用下薄圆板动力学响应的保结构分析

关注动力学系统的局部几何性质,采用多辛分析方法研究了偏心冲击荷载作用下薄圆板振动特性.在探索偏心冲击荷载作用下薄圆板振动问题动力学控制方程的对称性和守恒律的对应关系基础上,对动力学控制方程在多辛体系下重新描述,并采用显式中点差分离散方法构造其多辛格式,通过对存在不同相对偏心距冲击荷载作用下的薄圆板振动过程的数值模拟,研究了相对偏心距对薄圆板振动特性的影响,同时,数值模拟结果也充分体现了多辛算法的良好保结构性能.该研究结果不仅为由于荷载作用位置误差带来的动力学响应偏差估计提供了依据,而且为偏心冲击动力学问题的研究提供了新的途径.     

冲击荷载作用下水中悬浮隧道的位移响应

建立冲击荷载作用下悬浮隧道的动力学模型,将悬浮隧道简化为等距离弹性支撑梁,通过Galerkin(伽辽金)法求解悬浮隧道的振动位移方程,数值模拟悬浮隧道跨中时程响应,分析张力腿竖向刚度、冲击物质量、冲击速度对悬浮隧道跨中位移的影响.结果表明:冲击荷载作用下,张力腿竖向刚度对悬浮隧道位移响应的影响显著,但具有极限性.其次,冲击物质量和冲击速度也会显著影响悬浮隧道的跨中振动位移.研究结论为未来悬浮隧道的研究和建设提供重要的理论参考.     

二维分岔槽道内非牛顿流体流动的有限元分析

本文介绍二维分岔槽道内非牛顿流体流动的有限元分析.采用Galerkin法及混合有限元法,流体看作不可压缩的非牛顿流体,满足Oldyord微分型本构方程.由有限元法形成的非线性代数方程组用连续微分法求解.结果表明有限元法适于分析复杂流场中非牛顿流体的流动.     

插值型无单元Galerkin比例边界法与有限元法的耦合在压电材料断裂分析中的应用

插值型无单元Galerkin比例边界法是一种只需在边界上采用插值型无单元Galerkin法离散且无需基本解的半解析方法,能有效求解压电材料的断裂问题.为进一歩提高这种方法的适用性,该文提出了一种用于压电材料断裂分析的插值型无单元Galerkin比例边界法耦合有限元法(finite element method,FEM)的分析方法.裂纹周边一定范围的计算域采用插值型无单元Galerkin比例边界法离散,其余区域采用FEM离散.插值型无单元Galerkin比例边界法方程和FEM方程的耦合可利用界面两侧广义位移的连续条件方便地实现.最后,给出了两个数值算例验证了该文所提方法的有效性.     

几种典型板考虑初始荷载效应的基频近似解

基于两组板考虑初始荷载效应的动力控制微分方程:一般形式的动力控制微分方程和极坐标形式的动力控制微分方程,运用Galerkin（伽辽金)法求解得到了简支矩形板、固支矩形板、简支等边三角形板、固支椭圆形板、简支圆形板和固支圆形板6种典型板考虑初始荷载效应的自由振动基频（第一阶频率）近似解．通过与相关文献提出的有限元法计算结果对比,验证了公式的正确性．基频近似解表达式简单明了,物理意义明确,清楚地说明了初始荷载及相关因素对板自由振动基频的影响,直观地说明了板的初始荷载效应这一概念．计算分析表明:初始荷载的存在增加了板的弯曲刚度,提高了板的自振频率．这种初始荷载效应对频率的影响主要受初始荷载大小、跨厚比及边界条件等因素的影响．在计算分析和设计中应考虑并重视这种初始荷载效应对板计算分析带来的影响.     

船体梁在水下近距爆炸作用下反直观动力行为的相似分析

针对漂浮船体梁结构在船舯底部近距爆炸作用下最终呈现的反直观中垂破坏现象进行了研究．首先以单发MK48鱼雷击沉DD973驱逐舰的实船打靶试验为例,建立了该问题的物理仿真模型,将水下爆炸冲击载荷的指数衰减段、倒数衰减段、倒数衰减后段和负压段压力精确加载到梁单元节点上进行求解,其中考虑了流固耦合效应、附连水质量以及重力和浮力变化的影响．之后利用相似理论对实船结构和箱型梁实验模型在中部下方近距爆炸作用下的整体动力响应进行分析,得到了决定船体梁中垂和中拱变形的相似参数及采用Rn数表示的理论预报公式,同时分析了各相似参数的物理意义和影响规律．     

基于S-R和分解定理的几何非线性问题的数值计算分析

为了探究几何非线性问题的数值求解方法,采用理论推导、MATLAB编程计算、有限元模拟相结合的方法,基于S-R和分解定理及更新拖带坐标描述法,运用插值型无单元Galerkin方法对几何非线性问题的增量变分方程进行了推导,并通过四点Gauss积分法和不动点迭代法对其进行求解.最后以平面悬臂梁的大变形问题为例进行求解计算,发现与ANSYS的计算结果拟合相似度很高,说明了所采用的几何非线性力学理论及数值计算方法的正确性和合理性,为求解几何非线性问题提供了一种新的依据.     

A non-local heat transport model in solids with discontinuities via Lagrangian particle method

A new Lagrangian non-local diffusion model, designed as a meshless particle simulation method, is proposed to predict the thermal response of solids involving discontinuous. The main idea is to understand the heat transfer process of solids via a Lagrangian treatment of a particle-discretized system, which provides a more general physical representation of the heat transfer process of solids. In contrast to the traditional differential model, the proposed mathematical model is expressed via an integral form, which can easily handle the case involving discontinuities. The spatial convergence studies show that the proposed model converges to its associated non-local solution while increasing the number of particles in a fixed cut-off radius; and it can reach the local exact solution when the cut-off radius is close to zero. The numerical examples not only verify that the proposed diffusion model converges to the continuum heat conduction model, but also show the capability of its application to heat transfer problems involving discontinuities. In particular, the computational performance of the proposed non-local thermal model is also demonstrated its computational performance in the case with practical crack propagation in a two-dimensional plate. In addition, the specific comparison between the proposed method and the well-developed peridynamics approach for heat conduction problems is carefully described with rigor via mathematical proofs and numerical results. Specifically, the proposed model is shown to be a variation of the corresponding peridynamic-type thermal diffusion model. This model not only has a formulation consistent with that of peridynamics in solid mechanics but also shows a better performance in the case with sharp corners than that of the peridynamic diffusion in [1].     

Finite element dynamic analysis of unsymmetric composite laminated beams with shear effect and rotary inertia under the action of moving loads

The finite element dynamic response of an unsymmetric composite laminated orthotropic beam, subjected to moving loads, has been studied. One-dimensional finite element based on classical lamination theory, first-order shear deformation theory, and higher-order shear deformation theory having 16, 20 and 24 degrees of freedom, respectively, are developed to study the effects of extension, bending, and transverse shear deformation. The theories also account for the Poisson effect, thus, the lateral strains and curvatures can be expressed in terms of the axial and transverse strains and curvatures and the characteristic couplings (bend–stretch, shear–stretch and bend–twist couplings) are not lost. The dynamic response of symmetric cross-ply and unsymmetric angle-ply laminated beams under the action of a moving load have been compared to the results of an isotropic simple beam. The formulation also has been applied to the static and free vibration analysis.     

On dynamic finite element analysis of viscoplastic thin-walled structures with non-local damage

In this article we propose a non-local damage model for dynamic finite element computation of viscoplastic thin-shell structures. To take void nucleation and growth into account, the free energy function is enhanced phenomenologically in terms of a non-local damage variable and its gradient on the mid-surface of shell structures. The dynamic thin-shell elastic theory including large rotations proposed by Simo and Tarnow (1994) is used to capture finite deformation. Local constitutive laws considering viscoplastic behaviour, isotropic hardening and isotropic ductile damage leading to softening in Velde et al. (2009) are employed. The performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated through the preliminary numerical simulations of shock-wave loaded structures, which are validated by comparision with the experimental results. (© 2011 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

复合材料层合板低速冲击后压缩的损伤累积模型

为了分析复合材料层合板低速冲击后的压缩性能,首先用三维动态有限元素法对两种层合板进行了低速冲击损伤模拟计算,以此作为冲击后压缩（CAI）层合板的初始损伤,然后用三维静态有限元对含损伤的层合板进行压缩破坏模拟和剩余强度计算,从而实现了层合板从冲击损伤到压缩破坏损伤全过程的模拟．结果表明,损伤投影面积和CAI强度的计算值与试验结果有较好的一致性．     

爆炸冲击载荷下航空铝合金平板动态响应数值分析方法

为得到适用于爆炸冲击载荷下航空铝合金平板动态响应的数值分析方法,采用LS-DYNA显式动力学分析软件对爆炸冲击载荷下的铝合金平板进行数值仿真计算.主要研究了不同的任意Lagrange-Euler(拉格朗日-欧拉)网格（ALE）输运步算法、流固耦合方式、流固耦合点数量、网格尺寸、有限元单元类型对计算结果的影响.通过计算结果与实验结果的分析对比,表明采用van Leer+HIS输运步算法、罚函数耦合方式、在流体网格与结构网格之间采用3个耦合点、结构网格尺寸与空气域网格尺寸比例设为2∶1、结构单元采用163号壳单元时可以较为准确地计算航空铝合金平板在爆炸冲击载荷下的动态响应,并且能提高计算效率,节约计算时间.     

动载下缝端应力强度因子计算的扩展有限元法

在扩展有限元法(extended finite element methods, XFEM)的理论框架下,重点研究了动荷载作用下稳定裂纹尖端动态应力强度因子(dynamic stress intensity factors, DSIFs)的求解方法．根据XFEM的位移模式,推导了动力XFEM的支配方程,采用Newmark隐式算法进行时间积分同时,提出一种XFEM质量矩阵的集中策略,给出了求解DSIFs的相互作用积分方法,与静态问题的相互作用积分方法相比,增加了惯性项的贡献．最后,若干典型算例的计算结果表明:XFEM可以准确评价稳定裂纹尖端的DSIFs,建议的质量矩阵集中策略是有效的,为得到正确的DSIFs,惯性项的贡献不可忽略.     

Peridynamics via finite element analysis

Peridynamics is a recently developed theory of solid mechanics that replaces the partial differential equations of the classical continuum theory with integral equations. Since the integral equations remain valid in the presence of discontinuities such as cracks, the method has the potential to model fracture and damage with great generality and without the complications of mathematical singularities that plague conventional continuum approaches. Although a discretized form of the peridynamic integral equations has been implemented in a meshless code called EMU, the objective of the present paper is to describe how the peridynamic model can also be implemented in a conventional finite element analysis (FEA) code using truss elements. Since FEA is arguably the most widely used tool for structural analysis, this implementation may hasten the verification of peridynamics and significantly broaden the range of problems that the practicing analyst might attempt. Also, the present work demonstrates that different subregions of a model can be solved with either the classical partial differential equations or the peridynamic equations in the same calculation thus combining the efficiency of FEA with the generality of peridynamics. Several example problems show the equivalency of the FEA and the meshless peridynamic approach as well as demonstrate the utility and robustness of the method for problems involving fracture, damage and penetration.     

动载荷识别的非迭代法研究

为了快速准确地识别结构在复杂环境下的承载状态，基于有限元法和Newmark-β法提出了一种非迭代反演方法，并用于识别结构上施加的动载荷.通过探寻测量信息与待演参量之间的关系，建立误差函数，根据最小二乘法实现动载荷的直接识别无需迭代，其中对待反演的分布载荷实施基函数展开，以提高算法的抗不适定性.同时奇异值分解法被用来求解病态方程组.数值算例分别讨论了测量噪声、测点数量、基函数展开、测点位置和不同时间步长对反演结果的影响，结果显示该方法在识别动载荷时具有较高的精度和效率.     

应力协调迭代法在高速冲击动力有限元中的应用

在EPIC[2][3],NONSAP[4]等弹塑性撞击动力有限元程序中,有一个共同的弱点是都采取了静力有限元方法,把位移函数用线性插值表示.单元之间应力是非协调的.因此应用虚功原理的基础不合理.为了克服以上困难,本文引入一个新的方法,即协调应力迭代法.实例表明,这种方法在冲击动力有限元计算中是稳定和精确的,同时具有减小单元刚度的作用.