Four New Nortriterpenoids from Schisandra lancifolia

Four new highly oxygenated nortriterpenoids, lancifodilactones O–R ( 1 – 4 ), together with six known ones, i.e., 5 – 10 , were isolated from the leaves and stems of Schisandra lancifolia. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments and mass spectrometry. Compounds 1 – 3 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against NB4, A549, SHSY5Y, PC‐3, and MCF‐7 cell lines. No compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicity, the IC₅₀ values being above 50 μM .     

Further Daphniphyllum Alkaloids from the Leaves of Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.

Five new polycyclic Daphniphyllum alkaloids, macropodumines F ( 1 ) and G ( 2 ), 17‐oxoyuzurimine ( 3 ), and macropodumines H ( 4 ) and I ( 5 ), were isolated from the leaves of D. macropodum Miq ., collected in Sichuan Province, China. The structures and relative configurations of the new compounds – as well as of four known, related alkaloids – were elucidated on the basis of in‐depth spectroscopic and mass‐spectrometric analyses, by chemical derivatization, and by comparison of spectroscopic data with those of known compounds.     

Further Alkaloids from the Leaves of Trigonostemon lii

Four new indole alkaloids, trigonoliimines D–G ( 1 – 4 , resp.), were isolated from Trigonostemon lii. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments.     

Taccalonolides W – Y,Three New Pentacyclic Steroids from Tacca plantaginea

Three new pentacyclic steroids, taccalonolides W–Y ( 2 – 4 , resp.), have been isolated from the whole plants of Tacca plantaginea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments.     

Juncenolides H – K,New Briarane Diterpenoids from Junceella juncea

Chemical investigation of the Taiwanese gorgonian coral Junceella juncea resulted in the isolation of four new briarane‐type diterpenoids, juncenolides H, I, J, and K ( 1 – 4 ). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, especially 1‐ and 2D‐NMR. The inhibitory effects of compounds 1 – 4 on superoxide‐anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils were evaluated.     

Daphnane‐Type Diterpenoids from the Flower Buds of Daphne genkwa

Three new daphnane‐type diterpenoids, genkwanines M–O ( 1 – 3 , resp.), together with seven known daphnane‐type diterpenoids, genkwanines D and H, genkwaine F, genkwadaphnine, yuanhuatine, yuanhuafine, and yuanhuapine ( 4 – 10 , resp.), were isolated from the flower buds of Daphne genkwa during a phytochemical investigation. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, especially 2D‐NMR spectra (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY).     

New Isoprenylated Aurones from the Flowers of Rosa damascena

A phytochemical investigation of the flowers of Rosa damascena resulted in the isolation of three new isoprenylated aurones, damaurones C–E ( 1 – 3 , resp.), together with six known compounds, 4 – 9 . The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments.     

Highly Acylated 3,4‐Secograyanane Diterpenoids from the Fruits of Pieris formosa

From the fruits of Pieris formosa, four new highly acylated 3,4‐secograyanane diterpenoids, secorhodomollolides E–H ( 1 – 4 , resp.), along with two known ones, secorhodomollolides C and D ( 5 and 6 , resp.), were obtained. Their structures were established mainly by spectroscopic methods, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry.     

Five New Aromatic Glycosides from Carthamus tinctorius

Five new aromatic glycosides, 1 – 5 , named as carthamosides B₄–B₈, together with three known compounds, 4′‐(hydroxyphenacyl)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 6 ), benzyl‐O‐α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 7 ), and 4‐(methoxybenzyl)‐O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 8 ), have been isolated from the air‐dried flower of Carthamus tinctorius. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods.     

Identification of Six New Minor Diarylheptanoids from the Seeds of Alpinia katsumadai

Phytochemical investigation of the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai (Zingiberaceae) led to the isolation and identification of six new diarylheptanoid derivatives, katsumains D–G ( 1 – 4 ), 3‐(acetyloxy)‐alpinikatin ( 5 ), and 5‐(acetyloxy)alpinikatin ( 6 ). The structures of 1 – 6 were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments.     

Itosides A – I,New Phenolic Glycosides from Itoa orientalis

Eight new benzoylated gentisyl alcohol (=2‐(hydroxymethyl)benzene‐1,4‐diol) glucosides, itosides A–H ( 1 – 8 ), together with the new pyrocatechol (=benzene‐1,2‐diol) glycoside itoside I ( 9 ) were isolated from the bark and twigs of Itoa orientalis (Flacourtiaceae). In itosides B–D ( 2 – 4 ), the gentisyl alcohol moiety was esterified by 1‐hydroxy‐6‐oxocyclohex‐2‐ene‐1‐carboxylic acid, while itosides E–H ( 5 – 8 ) contained instead an additional 2‐hydroxybenzoic acid moiety. The compounds were accompanied by the known derivatives 4‐hydroxytremulacin ( 10 ), poliothyrsoside ( 11 ), poliothyrsin ( 12 ), homaloside D ( 13 ), tremulacin, and pyrocatechol β‐D ‐glucopyranoside. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods.     

Flavonoid Constituents from Spiraea brahuica

Sparins A–C ( 1 – 3 , resp.), three new flavonoids, were isolated from the CHCl₃ subfraction of the EtOH extract of the whole plant of Spiraea brahuica, along with 3′,7‐di‐O‐methylquercetin ( 4 ) and luteolin 7‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 5 ), reported for the first time from this species. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques including MS and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy.     

Three New Limonoids from the Leaves of Cipadessa cinerascens

Three new limonoids, cipadesins G–I ( 1 – 3 ), together with four known ones, were isolated from the leaves of Cipadessa cinerascens. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR data.     

Xestospongienols A–L,Brominated Acetylenic Acids from the Chinese Marine Sponge Xestospongia testudinaria

Chemical examination of the Chinese marine sponge Xestospongia testudinaria resulted in the isolation and characterization of twelve new brominated acetylenic acids, namely xestospongienols A–L ( 1a – 1d, 2a – 2d , and 3a – 3d ), together with the known analog 4 . The structures of xestospongienols A–L were determined on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, IR, and MS analysis in association with the modified Mosher method. The structural patterns are characteristic of brominated unbranched C₁₆‐alkyl chains containing polyene and acetylene moieties.     

Three New Diterpenoids from Isodon nervosus

Three new ent‐kaurane diterpenoids, rabdonervosins D–F ( 1 – 3 ), were isolated from the leaves and stems of Isodon nervosus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR analyses. Compounds 1 – 3 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against HepG2, CNE2, PC‐9/ZD, HeLa, MCF‐7, and HCT116 cell lines. No compounds exhibited potent cytotoxicity.     

Phochinenins A – F,Dimeric 9,10‐Dihydrophenanthrene Derivatives,from Pholidota chinensis

Six new compounds, phochinenins A–F ( 1 – 6 ), dimerized from 9,10‐dihydrophenanthrene and dihydrostilbene through direct coupling or an oxygen bridge, along with eight known compounds, were isolated from the whole plants of Pholidota chinensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic investigations (1D‐, 2D‐NMR, and HR‐EI‐MS).     

Novel Flavonoids in Dragon's Blood of Daemonorops draco

The three novel methylene bis[flavonoids] 1 – 3 , the novel 2‐flavene 4 , the new naturally occurring flavan 5 , and the new retro‐dihydrochalcone 6 were isolated from dragon's blood of Daemonorops draco, together with seven known compounds. The structures were elucidated by extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopic analysis.     

Phenylglycol Metabolites from Cultures of the Basidiomycete Mycena pruinosoviscida BCC 22723

Mycenadiols A–D ( 1 – 4 , resp.), phenylglycols possessing an ethynyl or vinyl (ethenyl) group were isolated from cultures of the basidiomycete Mycena pruinosoviscida BCC 22723. The structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR‐spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by synthesis. Compounds 1 – 4 are synthetically known, but, they have not been previously isolated from natural sources.     

Unusual Nortriterpenoid Saponins from Stauntonia chinensis

Four new saponins, yemuosides YM₁₇–YM₂₀ ( 1 – 4 , resp.), were isolated from the rattan of Stauntonia chinensis DC. (Lardizabalaceae) along with a known saponin, nipponoside D ( 5 ). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence as 20,30‐dihydroxy‐29‐noroleanolic acid 28‐O‐α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl ester ( 1 ), 20,29‐dihydroxy‐30‐noroleanolic acid 28‐O‐α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl ester ( 2 ), 29‐hydroxy‐30‐norolean‐20(21)‐enolic acid 28‐O‐α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl ester ( 3 ), 29‐hydroxyoleanolic acid 28‐O‐α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl ester ( 4 ), and 23,29‐dihydroxyoleanolic acid 28‐O‐α‐L ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl ester ( 5 ). Yemuoside YM₁₇–YM₁₉ ( 1 – 3 , resp.) contain novel unusual nortriterpene aglycones.     

New Cytotoxic Myrsinane‐Type Diterpenes from Euphorbia prolifera

Four new myrsinol diterpenes, proliferins A–D ( 1 – 4 , resp.) were isolated from the EtOH extracts of the roots of Euphorbia prolifera, along with four known compounds, euphorprolitherin B ( 5 ), euphorprolitherin D ( 6 ), SPr5 ( 7 ), and 14‐desoxo‐3‐O‐propionyl‐5,15‐di‐O‐acetyl‐7‐O‐nicotinoylmyrsinol‐14β‐acetate ( 8 ). Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods, including HR‐ESI‐MS, and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR techniques. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1, 3 , and 4 against cancer cells was evaluated, with compound 1 being active against A2780 cancer cells.