ZnO/SiO2的激光诱导发光光谱研究

用激光诱导发光光谱技术对一系列不同ZnO担载量的ZnO/SiO2及在不同焙烧气氛下制备的ZnO/SiO2材料进行了深入的研究,发现在空气气氛中焙烧的ZnO/SiO2主要出现ZnO的橙色发光带(中心位于670nm),但在氩气气氛中焙烧制得的样品主要呈现ZnO的绿色发光带(中心位于540nm),且明显观察到橙色发光带和绿色发光带之间的转化.ZnO的可见光区发光带可能是由ZnO中的氧缺陷引起的,高浓度的氧缺陷引发绿色发光带,而低浓度的氧缺陷引发橙色发光带.结果表明,激光诱导发光光谱是一种表征缺陷的有力工具,常规表征技术很难对材料的缺陷状态进行表征.XRD衍射图谱表明,样品中ZnO是以纤锌矿结构存在的,紫外-可见漫反射光谱和拉曼光谱显示,ZnO主要以大颗粒状态覆盖在SiO2表面上.     

纳米晶ZnO∶Er3+的制备及其室温上转换发射

采用化学沉淀法成功地将Er3+掺杂到纳米晶ZnO基质晶格中, 所制备的纳米晶ZnO∶Er3+粉体具有强室温发射现象, 并观测到其室温上转换发射现象. 纳米晶ZnO∶Er具有较高的上转换效率, 用978 nm激光激发, 肉眼可观察到绿色发光. 本文制备的纳米晶ZnO∶Er3+粉体发光材料不同于Er掺杂的体材料ZnO粉体.     

混合蓝色和绿色发射的高亮度白色有机电致发光器件

使用星形六苯芴类新材料1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis(9,9-diethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)benzene (HKEthFLYPh)分别制备了三种不同结构的有机电致发光器件. 在结构为indium-tin oxide (ITO)/NPB (40 nm)/HKEthFLYPh (10 nm)/Alq3(50 nm)/Mg:Ag (200 nm)的器件中, 获得了两个电致发光谱峰分别位于435 和530 nm处的明亮白光. HKEth-FLYPh是能量传输层; N,N’-bis-(1-naphthyl)-N,N’-diphenyl-(1,1’-biphenyl)-4,4’-diamine (NPB)是空穴传输层和蓝色发光层; tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3)是电子传输层和绿色发光层. 结果表明, 当驱动电压为15 V时, 器件的最大亮度达到8523 cd·m-2; 在5.5 V时, 器件达到最大流明效率为1.0 lm·W-1. 在电压为9 V时, CIE色坐标为(0.29, 0.34). 此外, 通过改变HKEthFLYPh层的厚度, 发现蓝色发射的相对强度随着HKEthFLYPh层厚度的增加而增强.     

固液态均荧光发射的四苯乙烯基衍生物的合成

为了打破传统荧光材料的聚集荧光淬灭(ACQ)的应用限制,通过共价键连接聚集诱导发光(AIE)分子与平面ACQ分子,可以构建在溶液中和固态下都具有荧光发射特性的化合物。分别通过多步反应合成了带有烷基硫醚的萘酰亚胺衍生物3和连接炔吡啶的四苯乙烯衍生物7。化合物3和化合物7通过酰胺缩合,合成了一种四苯乙烯-萘酰亚胺二联体化合物8,化合物8兼具ACQ和AIE分子的特性。结果表明：溶液状态下化合物8具有蓝色荧光发射,其最大发射峰位于452 nm,固态下为黄绿色荧光,最大发射峰位于487 nm。利用三氟乙酸对其荧光进行调控能够实现CIE色坐标为(0.33, 0.32)的单分子白光发射。     

ESIPT和TICT荧光发射的电子结构特征及发射能计算

采用含时密度泛函理论(TDDFT)与单激发组态相互作用(CIS)相结合的计算方案对八种结构相似的水杨酰苯胺衍生物及其类似物第一激发单重态(S1)进行考察, 证实它们的荧光发射分属分子内质子转移(ESIPT)和分子扭转-电荷转移(TICT)两种不同机制且结论与已知实验事实相符. ESIPT发光的化合物在电子跃迁前后无明显的电荷转移发生, 发射能计算的适用泛函是OLYP和BLYP等无Hartree-Fock(HF)交换成分的纯泛函; TICT发光的化合物在电子跃迁前后发生明显的电荷转移, 其适用泛函为含约37% HF交换成分的混合型泛函(例如mPW1B95和MPW1K). 按上述原则来选择适用泛函, 即可在TDDFT/6-31G(d)//CIS/3-21G(d)理论水平上正确预测水杨酰苯胺衍生物和类似物的发射能, 平均精度可达0.2 eV. 兼具质子转移与电荷转移双反应通道的化合物, 两者的竞争遵从能量最小原理, 结果使荧光发射仅选择其中一个通道进行. 泛函的选择只与实际发生的反应有关, 与并未实际发生的反应通道无关. 附加的八个算例进一步表明, 此成功的计算方案可望推广应用于其它类型的ESIPT和TICT荧光有机物.     

聚氯乙烯结构缺陷和热不稳定性之间关系的研究 2.各种结构缺陷含量和热脱氯化氢速率之间的关系

本工作采用溴加成法、酚解法、FTIR法及臭氧裂解法分别测定了五种不饱和蒸气压下聚合的PVC样品(u-PVC)和五种商品PVC样品(s-PVC)的总双键、总不稳定氯、孤立双键和内部双键的含量.通过研究结构缺陷和PVC的平均分子量及脱HCl速率的相互关系,揭示了不饱和总双键值,总不稳定氯和孤立双键含量彼此的相关性是建立在它们分别与1/M_n的相关性基础之上,从而得出了这三种定量值测得的主要都是端基烯丙基氯结构.根据三者对脱HCl速率的良好线性相关性,首次提出了端基烯丙基氯结构在HCl催化作用下异构化成内部烯丙基氯从而成为脱HCl速率主要原因的机理.     

聚苯硫醚纤维的抗张强度与工艺和结构的关系

以熔融纺丝法制备出不同结晶度的各向同性聚苯硫醚纤维作为样品,根据密度和声速测定值确定出PPS晶相和无定形相的本征横向声模量E0⊥,c(4.40 GPa)和E0⊥,am(1.99 GPa).利用密度梯度法测定出的结晶度Xc和X-衍射法测定的晶区取向因子fc,按照Samules模型计算出不同牵伸和定型工艺下制备的PPS纤维样品的非晶区取向因子(fam),在此基础上分析PPS纤维抗张强度与牵伸定型工艺参数、结构之间的关系.结果表明,PPS纤维的最佳牵伸温度及紧张热定型温度分别在90℃和190℃附近;提高PPS纤维的牵伸温度及紧张热定型温度可以增加纤维的结晶度,在一定范围内对纤维抗张强度的增加有促进作用;但较高的牵伸温度及紧张热定型温度不利于纤维非晶区取向的提高,造成PPS纤维抗张强度降低.牵伸倍数的增加可以有效提高PPS纤维的非晶区取向程度,抗张强度也随着增加.     

Eu3+在SrZnP2O7中的发光性能和Eu3+, Bi3+间的能量传递

采用高温固相法合成了SrZnP2O7：Eu^3＋荧光粉,该荧光粉的激发主峰值位于400nm,适用于UVLED管芯的激发;在紫外激发下的发射峰由位于591和597nm（^5D0～^7F1）,616,624和629nm（^5D0～^7F2）,656nm（^5D0～^7F3）及688nm（^5D0～^7F4）4组线状峰构成,对应Eu^3＋的特征跃迁,呈现橙红色发光。分析了Eu^3＋离子浓度对样品发光效率的影响,随着浓度增加,其发射一直增强,但其发光效率已经开始减弱。Bi^3＋的加入使发光强度得到很大提高,并讨论了在SrZnP2O7基质中Bi^3＋对Eu^3＋的能量传递和敏化作用。     

发光颜色可调的白磷钙矿结构Ca8MgBi(PO4)7∶Ce3+，Tb3+荧光粉的制备、发光性能及能量传递

采用具有白磷钙矿结构的磷酸盐作为目标产物,通过高温固相法制备了发光颜色可调的Ca₈MgBi(PO₄)₇∶Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺荧光粉。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和荧光光谱等表征手段对其物相组成、微观形貌及发光性能进行了详细研究。结果表明：掺杂少量的Ce³⁺、Tb³⁺并没有改变Ca₈MgBi(PO₄)₇基质的晶体结构。荧光光谱和荧光寿命曲线确定了Ce³⁺-Tb³⁺之间存在能量传递,其能量传递机制为四极-四极相互作用,能量传递效率可达81%。固定Ce³⁺浓度而逐渐增加Tb³⁺的掺杂量时,系列Ca₈MgBi(PO₄)₇∶0.08Ce³⁺,yTb³⁺荧光粉的发...     

液相法制备取向ZnO纳米线阵列的场发射特性(英文)

采用水热合成工艺,在不同条件下制备了不同的一维取向ZnO纳米线阵列样品.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及透射电镜(TEM)对样品的晶体结构和形貌等进行了表征,对样品的场发射特性进行了分析和比较,并用Fowler-Nordheim方程对影响ZnO纳米线场发射的因素进行了研究.结果表明,具有较低生长密度分布、较高的长径比和较尖锐生长端的ZnO纳米线阵列样品具有较好的场发射特性.     

Luminescence of Salen Lanthanide Bimetallic Complexes: Dual Emission and Energy Transfer

The luminescence properties of the tetranuclear bimetallic lanthanide complexes Sm₂Eu₂ ( 1 ) and Eu₂Tb₂ ( 2 ), were compared with those of the analogous homometallic complexes [Sm₄(μ₃‐OH)₂(salen)₂(acac)₆(CH₃OH)₂] · CH₃OH ( 3 ) and [Eu₄(μ₃‐OH)₂(salen)₂(acac)₆(CH₃OH)₂] ( 4 ) [H₂salen = N, N′‐ethylenebis(salicylideneimine), Hacac = acetylacetonate]. X‐ray crystallographic analysis reveals that complexes 3 and 4 have planar tetranuclear structures. For the Eu₂Tb₂ configurational isomer, the Tb^III ion in complex 2 mainly serves as a sensitizer. The quantum yields and lifetime measurements for 2 support the premise that Ln/Ln energy transfer occurs in such lanthanide bimetallic complexes, along with the usual ligand‐to‐metal triplet energy pathways. Complexes 3 and 4 exhibit the characteristic metal‐centered emission.     

Blue-emitting ZnO sol and film obtained by sol-gel process

In this paper, bright blue-emitting ZnO sol and film were prepared by sol-gel process and the luminescent properties were investigated. The absorption spectrum of the sol consists of a wide band with two steps in the long wavelength region. The sol and film show a single wide blue-emission band under excitation of UV light, while the excitation spectra are composed by multiple bands. The quantum yield of the ZnO sol is 0.52 when the excitation wavelength is 348 nm. The particle size of the film is smaller than 10 nm, which results in the fine structure of the absorption and excitation spectra.     

紫外激发Sr1-x-yMgP2O7:xCe3+,yTb3+荧光粉的发光特性及能量传递

采用高温固相法合成了Sr1-x-yMgP2O7:xCe3+,yTb3+荧光粉.研究了荧光粉的晶体结构、发光特性、荧光寿命、能量传递机理和荧光粉的热稳定性.研究结果表明:在SrMgP2O7基质中,Ce3+的发射峰值为398nm,Tb3+的主发射峰值为545nm,它们分别属于5d-4f跃迁和5D4→7F5跃迁.Ce3+和Tb3+共掺时,Ce3+和Tb3+通过电偶极子-电偶极子相互作用发生能量传递,能量传递的临界距离为0.614nm.通过计算得到单掺杂Ce3+、Tb3+时热猝灭过程的激活能分别为0.122和0.111eV,Tb3+离子的发光热稳定性比Ce3+离子的好.     

聚集诱导发光超分子聚合物的光物理性能研究

将一种含具有聚集诱导发光性能(AIE)的四苯乙烯的2-脲基-4[1H]-嘧啶酮衍生物(TPE-bis UPy)在氯仿中通过四重氢键作用组装形成的超分子聚合物,再以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂利用微乳法制备了基于超分子聚合物的纳米球.这种纳米球的形貌通过SEM进行了表征,具有规整的形貌与尺寸.相比在溶液里,该超分子聚合物纳米球的荧光显著增强.通过改变单体的浓度得到了3种不同粒径的超分子聚合物纳米球,DLS表征其粒径分别为46、66和91 nm.将这3种不同粒径的TPE-bis UPy超分子聚合物纳米小球与带负电的曙红(EY)进行组装,由于静电相互作用曙红吸附在纳米球表面,拉近了TPE-bis UPy和曙红之间的距离,使得在组装体内TPE-bis UPy可以有效地将激发能传递给曙红分子,该体系的发光颜色从蓝色荧光变为黄绿色荧光,其能量传递效率分别为62%、55%和39%,洗去表面活性剂CTAB后静电作用减弱,能量传递效率显著降低,分别为46%、36%和33%.研究表明,TPE-bis UPy超分子聚合物纳米小球与曙红的组装体系内,静电作用越强能量传递效率越高;超分子聚合物纳米球粒径越小,能量传递效率越高;并且通过这种组装可以调控体系的发光颜色,能量传递也可以通过体系的发光颜色变化观察到.     

Bright White Organic Light-Emitting Diode Mixed Blue and Green Emission

Double-layer and triple-layer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated using a novel star-shaped hexafluorenylbenzene organic material, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis(9,9-diethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)benzene (HKEthFLYPh) as an energy transfer layer, N, N′-bis-(1-naphthyl)-N, N′-diphenyl-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine (NPB) as a hole-transport layer (HTL) and blue emissive layer (EML), and tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq₃) as an electron-transport layer (ETL) and green light-emitting layer. Bright white light was obtained with a triple-layer device structure of indium-tin-oxide (ITO)/NPB (40 nm)/HKEthFLYPh (10 nm)/Alq₃ (50 nm)/Mg:Ag (200 nm). A maximum luminance of 8523 cd·m⁻² at 15 V and a power efficiency of 1.0 lm·W⁻¹ at 5.5 V were achieved. The Commissions Internationale de L′Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of the device were (0.29, 0.34) at 9 V, which located in white light region. With increasing film thickness of HKEthFLYPh, light emission intensity from NPB increased compared to that of Alq₃.     

Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles as Biodiesel Blends and Their Effect on the Performance and Emission of Greenhouse Gases

Pollution and global warming are a few of the many reasons for environmental problems, due to industrial wastes and greenhouse gases, hence there are efforts to bring down such emissions to reduce pollution and combat global warming. In the present study, zinc oxide nanoparticles are green synthesized using cow dung as fuel, through combustion. Synthesized material was characterized by FTIR, XRD, UV, and FESEM. The as-prepared ZnO-GS NPs were employed as a transesterification catalyst for the preparation of biodiesel from discarded cooking oil. The biodiesel obtained is termed D-COME (discarded cooking oil methyl ester), which is blended with 20% commercial diesel (B20). Additionally, this blend, i.e., B20, is further blended with varying amounts of as-prepared ZnO-GS NPs, in order to ascertain its effects on the quality of emissions of various greenhouse gases such as hydrocarbons, CO_x, NO_x. Moreover, the brake thermal efficiency (BTHE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) were studied for their blends. The blend (B20) with 30 mg of ZnO-GS, i.e., B20-30, displays the best performance and reduced emissions. Comparative studies revealed that the ZnO-GS NPs are as efficient as the ZnO-C NPs, indicating that the green synthetic approach employed does not affect the efficiency of the ZnO NPs.     

Improved Energy Conversion Efficiency of ZnO/Polythiophene Solar Cell in Ga-Doped ZnO Nanorod Array Photoanode

We reported the fabrication and doping effect of Ga-doped ZnO nanorods/electropolymerized polythio-phene(e-PT) hybrid photovoltaic(h-PV) devices. Ga-Doped ZnO nanorod array photoanode devices were fabricated via hydrothermally growing nanorods on sol-gel spin-coating ZnO seed layer, and then the nanorod array was immersed into a thiophene solution to yield a thin polythiophene film by electrochemically polymerization. Afterwards, a thin layer of Al was deposited on the surface of polythiophene to make an electrode for photovoltaic measurement. The ZnO nanorods with different Ga-doping contents were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron micrograph(SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). Photovoltaic J-V characterization was performed on the e-PT/ZnO bilayer and bulk heterojunction(BHJ) devices. Though the unsubstituted polythiophene is not an ideal polymer material for solar cells with high power conversion efficiency, it is a sound model for the study on the effect of dopant in hybrid materials. The results indicate that doping Ga can substantially improve the power conversion efficiency of the ZnO-polythiophene solar cell.     

Eu^2＋和Mn^2＋在Sr3MgSi2O8中的光致发光研究

研究了Ｅｕ＾２＋和Ｍｎ＾２＋共激活的Ｓｒ３ＭｇＳｉ２Ｏ８的荧光性质。Ｅｕ＾２＋和Ｍｎ＾２＋在４６０ｎｍ和６９０ｎｍ的发射峰分别由Ｅｕ＾２＋的５ｄ→４ｆ跃迁和Ｍｎ＾２＋的＾４Ｔ１（＾４Ｇ）→＾６Ａ１ｇ（＾６Ｓ）跃迁产生。未观察到单掺杂Ｍｎ＾２＋的Ｓｒ３ＭｇＳｉ２Ｏ８的荧光发射，而掺入Ｅｕ＾２＋后则出现了Ｍｎ＾２＋的６９０ｎｍ光致发光峰，表明Ｅｕ＾２＋对Ｍｎ＾２＋有敏化作用。Ｅｕ＾２＋的荧光寿命也受Ｍ