Thermal properties and wavelength analysis of telecom oriented photonic-crystal VCSELs

Results of the self-consistent comprehensive analysis of a room-temperature operation of InP-based 1300-nm AlInGaAs photonic-crystal (PhC) VCSELs are presented. In particular, an influence of PhC parameters on thermal effects within VCSEL volume and its emission wavelength are analysed. The PhC has been found to introduce a number of opposite effects including a possible light leakage through PhC holes. From one side, PhC holes make more difficult heat-flux extraction from VCSEL volume leading to higher temperature increases within it. But, from the other side, a properly manufactured PhC creates an efficient radial confinement mechanism for VCSEL radiation field. It enhances an interaction between the field and the active-region carriers leading to a decrease in both the VCSEL lasing threshold and temperature increases. Seemingly both effects may similarly affect VCSEL operation, but our analysis revealed, that thermal properties of the PhC VCSEL are mainly dependent on an efficient confinement of its radiation field within the active region impeding a mode leakage through PhC holes, whereas an importance of deterioration of heat-flux extraction from VCSEL volume is much less essential. The wavelength shift induced by a change of PhC parameters has been found not to exceed 4×10⁻³ μm.     

High-performance AlGaAs-based VCSELs emitting in the 760 nm wavelength range

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) showing continuous-wave operation with emission wavelengths ranging between 717 and 790 nm have been fabricated. The samples are grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs substrates and are entirely based on the AlGaAs material system. A maximum single-mode output power of 2.0 mW is obtained at 754 nm wavelength by using the inverted surface relief technique.     

Threshold characteristics of bottom-emitting long wavelength VCSELs with photonic-crystal within the top mirror

We present self-consistent modeling of InP-based 1300-nm AlInGaAs photonic-crystal vertical-cavity surface-emitting diode laser. We investigate the influence of photonic-crystal parameters on threshold characteristics. We show that a shallow photonic crystal can significantly deteriorate the VCSEL threshold current. The significant reduction of threshold current can be assured by the photonic-crystal etched through the whole top DBR mirror.     

Nanolayer characterization through wavelength multiplexing of a microsphere resonator

We optically characterize nanolayer (<150 nm) formation in situ on a silica microsphere in an aqueous environment by simultaneously following the shifts of whispering-gallery modes at two wavelengths. This approach was inspired by layer perturbation theory, which indicates that these two measurements can be used to determine independently both the thickness and the optical dielectric constant. The theory is verified for extreme cases and used to characterize a biophysically relevant hydrogel nanolayer with an extremely small excess refractive index of 0.0012.     

Functional integral and the Feynman-Kac formula in superspace

We consider the Cauchy problem for linear pseudodifferential equations in superspace. The solution is constructed in the form of series. It may be regarded as a definition of a chronological exponent of a pseudodifferential operator symbol and interpreted as a functional integral in superspace.     

A single closed formula for the general three-denominator Dalitz integral

We examine a general Dalitz integral containing the usual Feynman-type two-denominator term together with the Fourier transform \(\tilde \phi _{nlm} (q)\) of the hydrogenlike wave-function. A single closed formula is obtained for an arbitrary set {nlm} of quantum numbers, which is expressed in terms of the multivariable Lauricella hypergeometric functionF _D . The result is useful in a variety of calculations within the second Born approximation.     

用反差确定电子束曝光剂量与刻蚀深度的关系

为了精确地确定电子束曝光剂量与刻蚀深度间的关系,根据抗蚀剂的灵敏度曲线,采用反差经验公式来确定剂量与刻蚀深度间的关系。选用正性抗蚀剂PMMA进行曝光实验,将计算值进行曲线拟合,得到的关系曲线与实验结果基本相符。当剂量在20~35 μC/cm2间时,实验值与计算值间的差值最小,说明当剂量在此范围内时该方法能够更加精确地确定剂量与刻蚀深度间的关系。采用该方法节省了实验时间,提高了刻蚀效率。     

用反差确定电子束曝光剂量与刻蚀深度的关系

 为了精确地确定电子束曝光剂量与刻蚀深度间的关系,根据抗蚀剂的灵敏度曲线,采用反差经验公式来确定剂量与刻蚀深度间的关系。选用正性抗蚀剂PMMA进行曝光实验,将计算值进行曲线拟合,得到的关系曲线与实验结果基本相符。当剂量在20~35 μC/cm²间时,实验值与计算值间的差值最小,说明当剂量在此范围内时该方法能够更加精确地确定剂量与刻蚀深度间的关系。采用该方法节省了实验时间,提高了刻蚀效率。     

C波段半波长开路谐振器平行耦合滤波器的研制

采用切比雪夫低通原型滤波器综合法,设计了一种半波长开路谐振器平行耦合滤波器,该类型滤波器具有插入损耗低、结构简单、容易实现等诸多特点。从测试结果看出,实际测试值与理论分析及MWO软件仿真结果基本一致。     

一个关于勒让德多项式的积分公式及其简单应用——圆形带电环和电流环的静态电磁势

给出了一个关于勒让德多项式的积分公式及其证明,用该公式和叠加法方便快捷地导出了圆形带电环和电流环的静态电磁势.     

A general formula of two-dimensional Franck-Condon integral and the photoelectron spectroscopy of sulfur dioxide

We derived a general formula of Franck-Condon integral for two-dimensional harmonic oscillators () taking into account the Duschinsky effect and applied it to study the photoelectron spectroscopy of SO₂ and . The equilibrium geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of , SO₂ and were calculated by using the density functional theory (B3LYP functional) and the coupled cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples [CCSD(T)] methods with various basis sets up to 6-311+G(3df) and aug-cc-pVTZ. The adiabatic ionization energy and electron affinity were computed by using the CCSD(T) method extrapolated to the complete basis set limit with aug-cc-pVXZ (X = D, T, Q, 5). The simulated photoelectron spectra of both SO₂ and are in accord with the experiment. While the Duschinsky effect plays a role for some weak transitions of SO₂, it can be neglected for . A splitting observed in the experimental photoelectron spectrum of SO₂ is interpreted as contributing from hot bands and combination bands of ν₁ and ν₂, rather than arising from perturbation of a potential barrier as previous researchers proposed. The calculated adiabatic ionization energy and electron affinity are in agreement with the experiment within 0.027 and 0.040 eV, respectively.     

Towards the transverse mode-locking of oxide-confined VCSELs

We have investigated the lasing modes of oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). The individual Laguerre–Gaussian modes have been spectrally and spatially resolved with scanning confocal microscope with time resolution of 4 ps. Subject to the injection of ultrafast laser pulses, the VCSEL showed irregular pulsed emission which indicates the potential for transverse mode-locking of the VCSEL.     

Synchronization of chaotic VCSELs by external chaotic signal parameter modulation

Synchronization of chaotic vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers （VCSELs） is achieved by external chaotic signal modulation successfully. Simulation indicates that we can get chaos synchronization if the intensity of external chaotic signal is large enough. First of all, we use direct current modulation to achieve the chaos of VCSELs, and determine the laser＇s chaotic state by analyzing time series of the output and the corresponding power spectrum. And then we achieve synchronization of the two chaotic systems by external chaotic signal parameter modulation. We also find that the larger the modulation intensity is, the easier it is to achieve synchronization for chaotic VCSELs. This approach can also be applied to systems with a number of modulated lasers.     

On a new integral formula for an invariant of 3-component oriented links

Using physical considerations we constructed a new invariant of isotropy classes of an arbitrary configuration of three magnetic tubes in the space. The integral expression of this invariant is similar to the Massey product integrals of Milnor invariants of links. We prove that the constructed invariant cannot be expressed from the linking numbers of the configuration of magnetic tubes.     

Optical information processing by the Fabry-Perot resonator

Properties of the Fabry-Perot resonator as a part of an optical imaging system are discussed from the point of view of optical information theory. Information capacity of the system is derived and expressed in terms of the number of degrees of freedom of the optical wave field at the output. It is pointed out that the Fabry-Perot resonator is well suited for processing of image signals having a periodic structure.     

求解Collins衍射积分,导出多缝干涉强度分布公式

借助δ函数表示惠更斯一菲涅耳原理的次波波源（或无限窄缝光源）,求解Collins衍射积分表示次波迭加,导出多缝干涉的强度分布公式。