痕量铊的液膜分离富集与测定

以正十六胺-L113B-煤油为膜相，内相为0．040mol／L的NaOH溶液；外相为0．040mol／L的KCl和0．060mol／L的HCl溶液对痕量铊进行分离富集。实验结果表明，Tl(Ⅲ)的迁移率达99．5％以上。在合适的条件下，可与其它离子分离。此法可用于黄铁矿样品中微量铊的分离富集，以火焰原子吸收光谱法测定，回收率在99％以上。本文还对Tl(Ⅲ)的液膜富集机理进行了讨论。     

高铁酸盐在Sn02-Sb2O3／Ti电极上的选择性电化学合成

合成了SnO2-Sb2O3／Ti电极材料．实验结果证实，在14mol／L NaOH水溶液中和完全避免析氧反应的条件下，Fe(Ⅲ)物种在该电极上进行电化学氧化并生成FeO4^2-．结果表明，Fe(OH)。在浓NaOH溶液中发生酸式电离，形成可溶于水的FeO2^-，该离子的浓度随着碱溶液浓度变化而发生明显变化，而且它还是发生化学氧化和电化学氧化的反应物．在SnO2-Sb2O3／Ti电极上，FeO4^2-的电化学还原起始电位为0．38V(vs.Hg／HgO，14mol／L NaOH)，FeO2^-电化学氧化起始电位为0．54V．结果还表明，用电化学方法氧化Fe(Ⅲ)物种生成FeO4^2-是个多步骤过程．     

硝酸钠-碘化钾-甲基绿-水体系液-固浮选分离铋(Ⅲ)

研究了硝酸钠-碘化钾-甲基绿-水体系液-固浮选分离铋(Ⅲ)的行为及其与常见离子分离的条件。结果表明,控制pH 7.0,在1.0 g硝酸钠存在下,当0.1 mol.L-1碘化钾溶液和1.0×10-3mol.L-1甲基绿溶液的用量分别为1.0,1.5 mL时,铋(Ⅲ)可被定量浮选,而铜(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)、锰(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)、铝(Ⅲ)等在此条件下不被浮选,实现了铋(Ⅲ)与常见离子之间的定量分离,对合成水样进行定量分离测定,结果满意。     

四丁基溴化铵-硫氰酸铵-硫酸铵体系浮选分离铁(Ⅲ)

研究了四丁基溴化铵-硫氰酸铵-硫酸铵体系浮选分离铁(Ⅲ)的行为及与其他金属离子分离的条件.当四丁基溴化铵、硫氰酸铵和硫酸铵的浓度分别为8.0×10-4mol/L、6.0×10-3 mol/L和0.1 g/mL时,Fe(Ⅲ)可与Sn(Ⅳ),Cr(Ⅲ),Mn(Ⅱ),Al(Ⅲ),Cd(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),Sb(Ⅲ)和Mg(Ⅱ)...     

离子交换法纯化重组类人胶原蛋白Ⅱ的研究

用阳离子交换树脂CM-52分离纯化类人胶原蛋白Ⅱ（Human Collagen-like Bioprotein Ⅱ,HCBⅡ）。通过实验,分别确定了静态吸附和柱层析吸附的操作条件,即静态吸附：在pH4．0、NaCl0．15mol／L、进料浓度7g／L,处理量17．26ml／g树脂的条件下进行吸附,吸附时间为60min;柱层析：在pH4．0、NaCl0．15mol／L、进料浓度5g／L、流速5ml／min的条件下进行吸附。然后上柱,在pH4．0、NaCl0．30mol／L下进行脱附。实验表明,采用静态吸附的方式吸附HCBⅡ,然后上柱洗脱,HCBⅡ的吸附量可达到48、6mg／g树脂,回收率83．8％,操作时间短,分辨率高,最终纯化的HCBⅡ达电泳纯,分子量为97kD。     

三正辛胺修饰电极伏安测定痕量金的研究

用化学修饰电极伏安测定痕量金,Kalcher K等曾采用阴离子交换剂碳糊修饰电极及打萨宗碳糊修饰电极检测100～300μg/L的金。本文采用三正辛胺(TOA)修饰玻碳电极,在1.5 mol/L介质中,Au(Ⅲ)在+0.16 V(vs SCE)处有一灵敏的不可逆还原峰。检出限为0.1μg/L。灵敏度比文献方法高千倍。Au(Ⅲ)浓度在5×10~(-7)～5×10~(-9)mol/L范围内峰高与浓度     

毛细管电泳法测定单胺氧化酶活性

应用毛细管电泳技术,建立了快速测定单胺氧化酶（MAO）活性的方法。研究对分离缓冲液pH值、浓度、毛细管表面改性剂十四烷基三甲基溴化铵（TTAB）浓度等影响因素进行优化,探讨了方法的可行性,确立了最佳分离条件。以70cm×50μm（i．d．）未涂敷熔融石英毛细管为色谱分离柱,运行电压15kv,运行缓冲液：0．5mmol／LTTAB,磷酸盐缓冲液（50mmol／L,pH 10．5）;紫外检测波长：214nm。MAO催化犬尿胺（Kyn）反应的产物4-羟基喹啉（4-HQ）的浓度和峰面积的线性范围为5～1000μmol／L,相关系数为0．9997,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于5．6％（n=5）,检出限为2μmol／L（S／N=3）。实验证明,此方法可以用于生物样品中MAO催化活性的检测。     

铋(Ⅲ)、铅(Ⅱ)和钒(Ⅴ)极谱吸附波的研究

研究了铜铁试剂(CUP)-六次甲基四胺-HAc体系中,Bi(Ⅲ)、Pb(Ⅱ)和V(Ⅴ)的极谱波性质,建立了同时测定水中Bi(Ⅲ)、Pb(Ⅱ)和V(Ⅴ)的新方法。上述金属离子分别在-0.34V-、0.58V和-0.77V产生灵敏的极谱波。铋、铅和钒的浓度在1.0×10-6~3.0×10-8,3.0×10-6~1.0×10-7和5.0×10-7~1.0×10-8mol/L范围,分别与相应峰高呈线性关系,检出限分别为1.0×10-8、9.5×10-8、9.0×10-9mo1/L。该方法用于模拟试样中这些痕量元素的测定。     

铋-芦丁极谱络合吸附波的研究

在pH4．6Hac-NaAc缓冲溶液中,用单扫示波极谱法可获得灵敏的Bi（Ⅲ）-芦丁（Rt）络会吸附波。在50×10-8～7．0×10-6mol/L范围内铋浓度与峰高呈线性关系,检测限为3．0×10-8mol/L。测定了硫酸锰试剂中铋的含量。测得电活性络合物组成为Bi（Ⅲ）：Rt=1：2,条件形成常数β=3．9×109。测得电极反应转移系数α=0．42,表面电极反应速率常数ks=15.9s-1。     

二丁基亚砜固相萃取分离钯

研究了用MCI-GEL树脂分离富集钯的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。Pd(Ⅱ)与二丁基亚砜形成的配合物能被MCI-GEL树脂吸附,当溶液中二丁基亚砜、盐酸的浓度分别为2.5×10-2mol/L、0.1～0.2 mol/L时,Pd(Ⅱ)可与Pt(Ⅳ),Fe(Ⅲ),Ni(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ)离子定量分离,Pd(Ⅱ)的萃取率达99%以上。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.