超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定人体尿液中4种巯基尿酸

1.00mL人体尿液样品经自制的萃取装置萃取后,收集萃取液,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定萃取液中4种巯基尿酸的含量。以Waters Acquity UPLC~(TM) BEH C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,以不同体积比的0.05%(体积分数)乙酸溶液和甲醇的混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,串联质谱分析中采用电喷雾负离子源和多反应监测模式,采用内标法定量。4种巯基尿酸的检出限(3S/N)为0.012～0.082μg·L~(-1),测定下限(10S/N)为0.038～0.270μg·L~(-1)。方法用于人体尿液样品的分析,日内回收率为93.9%～102%,日内相对标准偏差(n=7)为2.0%～3.4%,日间回收率为93.4%～102%,日间相对标准偏差(n=7)为2.4%～4.1%。     

新型4-(5-N-取代-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-巯基)-苯并[4,5]呋喃[3,2-d]嘧啶类衍生物的合成及其抗癌活性

将5-取代胺基-2-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑引入苯并[4,5]呋喃[3,2-d]嘧啶中,设计并合成了10个新型的4-(5-N-取代-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-巯基)-苯并[4,5]呋喃[3,2-d]嘧啶类衍生物(3a～3j),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和MS确认。用MTT法测定了3a～3j对人胃腺癌细胞体(MGC)的体外增殖活性。结果表明,3a～3j均具有不同程度的抑制MGC的活性,其中4-(5-N-2’-甲氧基苯基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-巯基)-苯并[4,5]呋喃[3,2-d]嘧啶(3j)在10μmol·L-1的浓度下对MGC的抑制率为86.4%。     

手性1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚衍生物的合成

以5-取代-2-巯基-1,3,4-噁二唑为亲核试剂,与手性5-烷氧基-3,4-二溴-2(5H)-呋喃酮发生Michael反应,合成了6种新的手性1,3,4-噁二唑硫醚衍生物(产率55%～67%),其结构经1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR和HR-MS确证.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定尿液中7种苯系物代谢物

建立了同时测定人体尿液中7种苯系物代谢物的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。0.5 mL尿液经盐酸水解、EVOLUTE^?EXPRESS ABN固相萃取板(10 mg)净化、洗脱、稀释后测定。使用ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8μm),以0.1%甲酸水溶液和甲醇作为流动相进行梯度洗脱，分离目标化合物，负离子电喷雾多反应监测模式下测定含量。7种目标化合物在各自范围内线性关系良好，相关系数(r²)>0.995;方法检出限为马尿酸(HA)0.9 mg/L,其余目标化合物0.02～4μg/L,定量限为HA 3 mg/L,其余目标化合物0.05～12μg/L;在实际尿液中低、中、高3个水平的加标回收率为84%～123%,日内精密度为1.8%～8.6%,日间精密度为1.9%～21.4%。应用该方法测定吸烟和非吸烟人群尿液样品各16份，吸烟人群中7种目标化合物检出率均为100%;非吸烟人群中反-反式黏糠酸(MU)、苄基巯基尿酸(BMA)、HA和2-甲基马尿酸(2MHA)的检出率为100%,(S)-苯巯基...     

巯基棉富集—火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中铁铜铅镉

详细地考查了巯基棉富集Fe(Ⅲ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)的条件.发现Fe(Ⅲ)在pH值为5～8范围条件下能被巯基棉定量吸附.采用pH值5.5±0.5可同时富集以上四种离子,以2mol·L~(-1)盐酸5ml洗脱.用火焰原子吸收光谱法进行测定,相对标准偏差小于5.5%.加标回收率为98.7 %～101.1%,     

基于胸腺嘧啶-汞离子-胸腺嘧啶结构和纳米金放大传感器检测汞离子

利用Hg2+与DNA中胸腺嘧啶(T)结合的高度特异性和纳米金在石英晶体微天平(QCM)上的信号放大作用,设计了一种简便灵敏的Hg2+检测方法.纳米金采用柠檬酸钠还原法制备,其表面用末端带巯基的寡核苷酸探针进行自组装修饰,并用6-巯基己-1-醇(MCH)部分取代表面探针,以减少杂交空间位阻.结果表明,寡核苷酸链长为9bp、T个数为7的序列具有较高灵敏度;线性范围为5.0～100 nmol/L;检出限为2.0 nmol/L;Ca2+、Mg2+等其它金属离子无明显干扰.用于环境水样中Hg2+的测定, RSD<2.9%;加标回收率为97.3%～101.2%     

新型复合环氧光学树脂的制备与性能研究

通过2,2-二巯基乙硫醚(MES)与环氧氯丙烷反应合成了2,2-二巯基二乙硫醚二缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂(DGEMES),通过FTIR和MS对其进行表征;用乙二胺作为固化剂,将DGEMES与双酚A型环氧树脂(DGEBA)复合固化,得到了新型高折射率和低色散的光学树脂.DGEMES是一种较好的共聚单体,可以同时提高共聚树脂的折射率和阿贝数;DGEBA/DGEMES/乙二胺共固化树脂的nd=1.59～1.62,νd=35～39;当DGEMES的质量分数为40%时,固化树脂的折射率达到1.60以上,冲击强度22.5kJ/m₂,且其它性能较均衡.此外,以甲基六氢苯酐(B-650)为固化剂,还合成了具有中等折射率的DGEBA/DGEMES/B-650共固化树脂(nd=1.54～1.56,νd=38～40),并对其光学和机械性能进行了研究.     

高效液相色谱法测定卤化丁基橡胶塞中2-巯基苯并噻唑残留量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定卤化丁基橡胶塞中2-巯基苯并噻唑残留量的分析方法。将样品切成小块，以乙腈为浸提溶剂，按照0.5 g/mL浸提比例于40℃水浴超声浸提30 min。采用Xbridge BEH C18色谱柱为分离柱，以体积分数为0.1%的磷酸溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱，于波长324 nm处检测。2-巯基苯并噻唑的色谱峰面积与质量浓度在0.050 49～2.020μg/mL范围内线性关系良好，相关系数为0.999 9。方法检出限为0.004 24μg/mL，定量限为0.050 49μg/mL，样品平均加标回收率为90.16%～92.66%，测定结果相对标准偏差为2.21%～4.96%(n=6)。该方法专属性强，灵敏度高，准确性好，可用于卤化丁基橡胶塞中2-巯基苯并噻唑残留量测定。     

动物源食品中6种甲状腺抑制剂残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测

建立了动物源食品中2-硫脲嘧啶、6-甲基-2-硫脲嘧啶、6-丙基-2-硫脲嘧啶、6-苯基-2-硫脲嘧啶、2-巯基-1-甲基咪唑和2-巯基苯并咪唑6种甲状腺抑制剂残留检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。以BEHC18柱(50mm×2.1mm,1.7μm)为色谱柱,乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱;柱温为30℃,流速为0.3mL/min,进样量为10μL。质谱条件为:电喷雾离子源(ESI+),多反应监测(MRM)模式。结果表明:6种药物在5～500μg/L质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r2均大于0.996;方法检出限为2μg/kg,定量下限为5μg/kg;在10、25、100μg/kg3个添加水平下,方法的平均回收率为60%～107%,批内、批间RSD均小于16%。     

3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-4-氨基-5-取代苄巯基-1,2,4-三唑的合成及其生物活性

3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-4-氨基-5-巯基-1,2,4-三唑与取代苄氯反应合成了九个新型3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-4-氨基-5-取代苄巯基-1,2,4-三唑(2a～2i),其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS表征.初步生物活性测试结果表明,3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-4-氨基-5-对氯苄巯基-1,2,4-三唑(2b)对半夏立枯病菌具有抑制活性.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。