桂北摩天岭花岗岩体的地质地球化学特征及其意义

为研究摩天岭花岗岩体的地质及地球化学特征,分别测定了该岩体的主量元素,微量元素和稀土元素含量,并作了图解分析。结果表明,摩天岭花岗岩体在主量元素特征上表现为富钾,低钠、较低的／7,（Na2O）／n（K2O）,贫钙镁,富铁,w（A）／w（CNK）〉1．1,为强过铝质,具有华南产铀花岗岩的基本特征。微量元素特征表现为：富集强不相容元素,尤其是Rb、Th元素;而贫弱不相容元素zr、Hf、Sm、Y和Yb。Sr元素呈强烈亏损。稀土总含量较低,具有较低的轻重稀土分异,略富集LREE,亏损HREE,具有较低的埘（La）／w（Yb）。岩体具有强烈的负8Eu异常。摩天岭花岗岩体的岩石类型及地球化学特征表明其是S型花岗岩,其形成的构造环境判别图解显示摩天岭岩体具有火山弧花岗岩和同碰撞花岗岩的双重属性。     

西班牙Quinton海洋水生命元素测定及功能评价

目的应用电感耦合等离体子质谱(ICP-MS)检测法测定西班牙Quinton海洋水中的生命元素(该文特指人体所需的宏量元素和微量元素)。方法建立电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)法同时测定Quinton海洋水中21种生命元素含量的分析方法。结果方法检出限为0.01~0.10μg/mL,元素加标回收率为94.12%~104.35%,相对标准偏差为0.3%~12.2%。结论方法简单、快速、准确,适用于海洋水中多元素含量同时测定。并用元素含量评价Quinton海洋水的特性和功能。     

ICP-AES法测量铍钴铜合金中主量元素铍、钴的含量

建立ICP–AES法测定铍钴铜合金中主量元素铍、钴含量的方法。将试样用硝酸、盐酸溶解,在钇内标存在的情况下以等离子体光源激发,并分别选择分析谱线Be 313.1 nm,Co 228.6 nm进行光谱测定。铍、钴含量在0~5%范围内与光谱强度线性相关,铍、钴两元素线性相关系数分别为0.999 18,0.999 91;检出限分别为0.000 12%,0.001 1%;测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.25%~4.59%;回收率在96%~102%之间。该方法操作简单实用,可同时测定铍、钴两元素,测定结果准确可靠。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定红土镍矿中钪量

钪是稀土元素之一,主要存在于基性岩和超基性岩的铁-镁矿物中。一般质量分数在0.05%~0.100%之间。主要赋存矿物有铌钇矿、硅铍铌钇矿、钛铁矿及黑钨矿等,此外,镍红土矿、钛磁铁矿等也含有较丰富的钪。传统分析钪的方法为分光光度法[1],随着分析仪器的发展,石墨炉原子吸收光谱     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定金红石中TiO_2的含量

建立了用盐酸-氢氟酸作溶剂,使除金红石以外的其它钛矿物分解,过滤后残渣经过氧化钠熔融,水提取,沉淀过滤分离大量的钠离子及其它元素后,经盐酸溶解,用ICP-AES法测定金红石原矿、中矿、尾矿中TiO2的含量。对测定钛的条件及共存元素的干扰情况进行了研究,加标回收率为99.88%~101.00%;相对标准偏差为0.86%~7.9%。方法简单快速,易于掌握。测定元素的含量范围为0.01%~30%。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定岩矿中锂的含量

采用氢氟酸加高氯酸分解试样,硝酸浸取,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定岩矿中的锂含量。测定范围: ω(Li)：0.10%～10.00%。本文通过不同混合酸溶样效果比较,仪器条件的摸索、共存元素干扰实验等,建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定岩矿中锂量的方法,完全能够满足岩矿中锂含量的检验工作。经加标回收实验,锂元素的加标回收率为98%~106%(n=3),经国家有证标准物质分析验证,测定结果与标准值一致。该方法准确简单,适用于岩矿中的锂测定。     

微波消解ICP-MS测定大葱中微量元素含量

建立大葱中Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu等4种元素的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定方法。样品采用微波消解,以Ge为内标,ICP-MS测定各元素含量。结果表明,该法精密度RSD值1.01%~1.33%,回收率98.8%~101.5%,检出限0.013~0.035?g/m L。该法灵敏、准确、快捷,符合大葱中微量元素测定要求。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定Cu-Ni-Mn钎料中铝、钽元素含量

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定Cu-Ni-Mn钎料中的铝和钽元素含量。实验探讨了Cu-NiMn钎料中基体元素及共存元素对铝、钽元素分析谱线的光谱干扰情况,确定了合适的分析谱线和背景校正方法。铝、钽元素的分析谱线分别为396.152 nm和240.063 nm。根据Cu-Ni-Mn钎料中铝、钽元素含量范围,合成系列标准溶液,建立标准工作曲线,工作曲线的线性范围为0.05%~0.20%,线性相关系数分别为0.999 6和0.998 8,此方法用于测定铝、钽元素的检出限分别为0.001 2%和0.008 4%,相对标准偏差为2.43%~4.55%(n=8)。标准加入回收率为100%~119%。该法可用于测定Cu-Ni-Mn合金中的铝和钽含量。     

电感耦合等离子体–原子发射光谱法同时测定铝合金中9种元素

建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱同时测定铝合金中9种元素含量的方法。铝合金样品采用碱溶法预处理,以质量分数为40%的氢氧化钠溶液溶解,再用盐酸-硝酸混合酸酸化,然后用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定样品中铁、硅、铜、镁、锰、锌、钛、镍、铬9种元素的含量。各元素的含量与对应的发射强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数不小于0.9990;各元素检出限为0.0001%~0.0012%。应用该方法测定2个铝合金标准样品,测定结果与标示值一致,相对标准偏差为0.46%~2.14%(n=8)。将该法应用于试样测定时,加标回收率为92%~106%。该方法精密度和准确度高,操作简便、快速,适用于实验室铝合金多元素含量的检测。     

内蒙古中部渣尔泰山群微量元素地球化学特征

通过对内蒙古中部渣尔泰山群各层位岩石采样,对该山群中共43个微量元素（含稀土元素）与地壳丰度进行了对比分析,总结了该山群微量元素的地球化学特征。研究表明,该山群富集W、Re、Cu、Pb、Co等元素,而In、V、Cr、Ni等元素亏损较严重;微量元素在板岩和云母石英片岩中相对含量较高,在灰岩中相对贫化;此外,该山群稀土元素地球化学特征表现为轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损;具有明显的Eu的负异常,Ce的弱正异常。     

新疆阿克提什坎金矿床稀土元素地球化学研究

研究了新疆阿尔泰特地区阿克提什坎金矿床的稀土元素及矿区二长花岗岩平衡的热液中稀土元素的组成特征及配分模型，并应用Grang等位线方法讨论了热液蚀变作用过程中稀土元素的行为。研究表明，在热液蚀变作用过程中，稀土元素保持惰性，成矿热液与岩浆热液关系不大，成矿物质主要来源于围岩。     

热带海洋生物稀土元素生态化学特征分析研究

于中国南海南沙海域采集了30种鱼类、5种贝类和4种甲壳类热带海洋生物,以HNO3-H2 O2为消解体系,利用微波消解进行前处理,并用电感耦合等离子体质谱测定了生物体中稀土元素( Rare earth elements, REE)的含量,分析了稀土元素的生态化学特征。结果表明,微波消解-ICP-MS方法测定稀土元素,各元素的线性关系良好(r=0.9997~1.0000),检出限可达ng/L,准确度高和精密度较好,相对标准偏差(RSD, n=3)<5.0%,各稀土元素回收率在91.5%~106.7%之间。鱼类、贝类和甲壳类生物样品中稀土总量(∑REE)变化范围分别为5.02~34.8μg/kg,30.4~1481μg/kg和103~863μg/kg,3类生物对各稀土元素的富集平均含量为甲壳类>贝类>鱼类,14种稀土元素在鱼类/贝类/甲壳类内含量存在明显正相关性(r>0.80);生物体内轻稀土元素( La~Eu)含量高于重稀土元素( Gd~Lu)含量,从稀土配分模式看出,鱼类/贝类/甲壳类中REE分布模式基本一致, Gd均出现负异常,轻重稀土元素之间有明显的分馏;生物体中δEu值出现负异常,δEu值与相应海域沉积物中δEu值相近,而δCe值出现正异常;同时研究了稀土元素在生物体中的富集和沉积物沉降过程中相关性等。本研究得出的关于热带海洋鱼类/贝类/甲壳类稀土元素的含量和分配规律,可为研究南海水体环境中稀土元素的含量水平和迁移富集提供基础资料。     

黔西南卡林型金矿床稀土元素地球化学特征

分析了黔西南地区板其、、丫他及戈塘等卡林型金矿床的(La/Yb)N、(La/Sm)N、∑REE及LREE/HREE等稀土元素的含量及参数特征.结果表明,该区金矿床相对富集LREE;该区戈塘金矿具有明显的MREE富集及正Eu异常的特点,表明成矿热液应该是一种还原性流体,来源于深部或至少经历过对富含斜长石源区的水-岩反应矿...     

Microchemical determination of nine rare earth elements in silicate rocks by cation-exchange preconcentration — Ion-interaction chromatography

Summary A method of applying ion-interaction chromatography to the determination of the rare earth elements in silicate rocks on a 100 to 200 mg sample basis has been developed. The rare earths are first separated as a group from matrices by cation-exchange chromatography in hydrochloric acid-thiocyanate media and isolated in a small, defined volume (3.00 ml). Using fractions of this, on-column concentration of the rare earths on a C-18 bonded phase silica coated with 1-octanesulfonate and a subsequent concentration gradient elution with glycolate (0.05 to 0.35 M) at pH 3.5 allows the respective separation of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Y (100 l aliquot used) and of Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu (2.00 ml aliquot used). Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy elute together, and Ho is not sufficiently well resolved from these middle rare earth elements. The eluted rare earth elements are detected and quantified by post-column reaction with Arsenazo III photometrically, using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 650 nm. The method is shown to be capable of determining nine of the rare earth elements in a variety of international reference rock samples with good precision and accuracy.     

稀土气态配合物的热力学性质

稀土气态配合物的热力学性质王林山,王之昌（东北大学化学系,沈阳,１１０００６）关键词稀土气态配合物,热力学性质,钆断目前,对稀土液相和固相配合物已有了较为全面的研究,并总结出其热力学性质与原子序数或离子基态之间有钆断、四分组、斜Ｗ等实验规律或效应［１...     

固态化合物中铕的价态研究进展

介绍了近年来关于变价稀土元素Ｅｕ价态研究的最新进展,总结了Ｅｕ＾２＋的价态稳定和转换及其与基质结构,取代离子半径电荷,共掺杂稀土离子电子构型之间的关系和规律。     

Measurement of rare earths elements in Kakul phosphorite deposits of Pakistan using instrumental neutron activation analysis

The rare earth elements (REEs) content of Kakul phosphate rock (PR) from different localities of the main Hazara deposits of Pakistan were determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). 25 phosphorite samples were collected from different phosphorite sites and 6 samples representing different batches from the crushing plant near Kakul Mine. Concentrations of seven REEs (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Sm, Tb and Yb) were determined in the PR samples. The highest amounts of Heavy and light rare earth elements (HREE and LREE) were quantified in the PR samples collected at the Phosphate Rock Crushing Plant while the lowest amounts of these REEs were measured in the Lambidogi Phosphorite deposit samples. Comparison with global data showed the REEs content of the studied PRs show lower range for all REEs and mostly comparable to the data reported by Israel and Syria. Calculated chondrite ratio for these elements depicts enrichment of LREEs in all phosphorite deposits.     

An effective process for the separation of U(VI), Th(IV) from rare earth elements by using ionic liquid Cyphos IL 104

Separation and recovery of U(VI) and Th(IV) from rare earth minerals is a very challenging work in rare earth industrial production. In the present study, a homemade membrane emulsification circulation (MEC) extractor was used to separate U(VI) and Th(IV) from rare earth elements by using Cyphos IL 104 as an extractant. Batch experiments were carried out using a constant temperature oscillator to investigate the extraction parameters of the single element and the results indicated that Cyphos IL 104 could reach the extraction equilibrium within 30 min for all the three elements, i.e., U(VI), Th(IV), and Eu(III). Besides, the MEC extractor possessed a strong phase separation ability. The extraction efficiencies of U(VI), Th(IV), La(III), Eu(III) and Yb (III) increased with the increase of pH. La(III), Eu(III) and Yb(III) were hardly extracted when pH ≤ 1.50, which was beneficial for effectively separating U(VI) and Th(IV) from La(III), Eu(III) and Yb(III). In the multi-stages stripping experiments, when the stripping stage number was 3, the effective separation could be achieved by using HCl and H₂SO₄, since the stripping efficiency reached 80.0% and 100.0% for Th(IV) and U(VI), respectively. Slope method and FT-IR spectra showed that Cyphos IL 104 reacted with U(VI) and Th(IV) by chelation mechanism. The extraction of multi-elements indicated that U(VI) and Th(IV) could be well separated from the solution which contains all rare earth elements, and the extraction efficiencies of U(VI) and Th(IV) both were close to 100.0%. Based on the above experimental results, a flowchart for efficient separation of U(VI) and Th(IV) from rare earth elements was proposed.     

纳米Eu2O3和Eu3+抑制人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖的作用

稀土纳米氧化物和稀土化合物的生物效应已引起人们的广泛关注.利用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT),流式细胞术法和激光共聚焦显微镜初步探讨了纳米Eu2O3和Eu3+对体外培养的人肝癌细胞HepG2生长的影响.结果发现,较低浓度的纳米Eu2O3对细胞生长没有明显影响,浓度达到600μg mL-1作用癌细胞仅24 h,细胞就停止分裂,表现为细胞被阻滞在S期,大量细胞坏死.利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察到纳米Eu2O3能进入活的HepG2细胞中.而Eu3+则在较低含量,即≤100μmol L-1时能较弱地抑制癌细胞的生长,细胞被阻滞在G0/G1期,并诱导细胞发生凋亡.     

Rare earth elements distribution in clay zones of sedimentary formation, Pondicherry, south India

Concentrations of five rare earth elements (REE) were measured in clay samples of a deep bore hole comprising major aquifers of Pondicherry region, south India in order to investigate the geochemical variations among various litho-units. Clay samples from Cretaceous formation show distinct gray to black color whereas Tertiary deposits have clays with color varying from pale yellow to brown to gray. All measured REEs exhibit lower concentrations than Upper Continental Crust (UCC) average values. Large variations in REEs contents were observed in different sedimentary formations (Tertiary and Cretaceous). Chondrite normalized ratio of La/Lu and Eu/Eu* indicate that the clays are derived from weathering of felsic rock and possibly under humid climate. All the samples showed positive Eu anomaly in North American Shale Composite (NASC) normalized plot which shows plagioclase feldspar as the major contributor to these clays. Positive Eu anomaly is also an indication of reduced condition of the formation.