Two-dimensional self-dual solutions in the gauge theory of metal glasses

Exact 2-dimensional static solutions are found in the gauge theory of metallic glasses. Changes in the glass structure with growth of the metastable state energy are analyzed.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 12, pp. 23–27, December, 1989.The authors thank V. A. Ignatchenko and R. S. Iskhakov for useful discussions of the results.     

Simplicial gauge theory and quantum gauge theory simulation

We propose a general formulation of simplicial lattice gauge theory inspired by the finite element method. Numerical tests of convergence towards continuum results are performed for several SU(2) gauge fields. Additionally, we perform simplicial Monte Carlo quantum gauge field simulations involving measurements of the action as well as differently sized Wilson loops as functions of β.     

Irreducible gauge theory of a consolidated Salam-Weinberg model

We derive the Salam-Weinberg model by gauging an internal simple supergroup $\text{SU}\text{(}\text{2}\text{1}\text{)}$. The theory uniquely assigns the correct SU(2)_L ? U(1) eigenvalues for all leptons, fixes θ_W = 30°, generates the W^±_σ, Z⁰_σ and A_σ together with the Higgs-Goldstone $\text{I}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>L</mtext>}}\text{=}\text{1}\text{2}$ scalar multiplets as gauge fields, and imposes the standard spontaneous breakdown of SU(2)_L ? U(1). The masses of intermediate bosons and fermions are directly generated by $\text{SU}\text{(}\text{2}\text{1}\text{)}$ universality, which also fixes the Higgs field coupling.     

规范场和夸克动力学模型——关于QCD和层子模型的议论

文章讨论了夸克QCD模型和层子模型的关系,说明夸克动力学模型的基础是非亚贝尔规范场理论.层子模型是半唯象理论,没有动力学互作用的机制.QCD由于以非亚贝尔规范场为动力学互作用机制,在高能行为有渐近自由的重要性质.层子模型是低能束缚态的唯象性质的模型,与渐近自由是完全无关.强调“渐近自由”是一个独立于夸克模型的物理概念,它的理论基础是非亚贝尔规范场理论;当把非亚贝尔规范场作为夸克相互作用建立了夸克的动力学模型——量子色动力学（quantum chromodynamics,QCD）;层子模型是想把静态夸克模型发展为动力学模型,但它走的路线与QCD完全不同,层子的互作用不涉及非亚贝尔规范场,与渐近自由是不同概念和不同思想和不同考察区域;文章还指出夸克动力学的QCD模型同层子模型是哲学思想不同,物理思想也不相同的路线,层子模型没有接纳非亚贝尔规范场而未能达成创新的成果.文章也强调三十多年前层子模型研究的创新意识和团队精神是我们值得推崇的优秀传统.     

规范场和夸克动力学模型--关于QCD和层子模型的议论

文章讨论了夸克QCD模型和层子模型的关系，说明夸克动力学模型的基础是非亚贝尔规范场理论．层子模型是半唯象理论，没有动力学互作用的机制．QCD由于以非亚贝尔规范场为动力学互作用机制，在高能行为有渐近自由的重要性质．层子模型是低能束缚态的唯象性质的模型，与渐近自由是完全无关．强调“渐近自由”是一个独立于夸克模型的物理概念，它的理论基础是非亚贝尔规范场理论；当把非亚贝尔规范场作为夸克相互作用建立了夸克的动力学模型——量子色动力学（quantum chromodynamics，QCD）；层子模型是想把静态夸克模型发展为动力学模型，但它走的路线与QCD完全不同，层子的互作用不涉及非亚贝尔规范场，与渐近自由是不同概念和不同思想和不同考察区域；文章还指出夸克动力学的QCD模型同层子模型是哲学思想不同，物理思想也不相同的路线，层子模型没有接纳非亚贝尔规范场而未能达成创新的成果．文章也强调三十多年前层子模型研究的创新意识和团队精神是我们值得推崇的优秀传统．     

Zwanziger-Landau gauge in regularized gauge theory

The Green functions of Zwanziger-gaugefixed and continuum-regularized gauge theory are finite and transverse to all orders as the Zwanziger parameter α goes to zero.     

Graded gauge theory

The mathematical background for a graded extension of gauge theories is investigated. After discussing the general properties of graded Lie algebras and what may serve as a model for a graded Lie group, the graded fiber bundle is constructed. Its basis manifold is supposed to be the so-called superspace, i.e. the product of the Minkowskian space-time with the Grassmann algebra spanned by the anticommuting Lorentz spinors; the vertical subspaces tangent to the fibers are isomorphic with the graded extension of the SU(N) Lie algebra. The connection and curvature are defined then on this bundle; the two different gradings are either independent of each other, or may be unified in one common grading, which is equivalent to the choice of the spin-statistics dependence. The Yang-Mills lagrangian is investigated in the simplified case. The conformal symmetry breaking is discussed, as well as some other physical consequences of the model.     

Lattice gauge theory calculations using an improved strong-coupling expansion and matrix Padé approximants

Matrix methods are used to obtain better convergence of low-order lattice calculations. Strong-coupling expansions for the Hamiltonian matrix in a non-degenerate subspace of states are extrapolated to zero lattice spacing using matrix Padé approximants. The method is applied first to the massive Schwinger model and the continuum estimates from different fourth-order calculations compared. Then it is used to calculate the ratios of the π, ? and ω meson masses to the nucleon mass in a Hamiltonian lattice formulation of QCD.     

Mean-field theory for quenched reduced large-N gauge model

The reduced model à la Eguchi and Kawai, its quenched version and the Wilson theory in the string variable representation are studied by employing the loop expansion around the mean field. The spontaneous breakdown of the U(1)^d symmetry in the Eguchi-Kawai model is thoroughly investigated. It is shown that the quenched reduced model undergoes the first-order phase transition in excellent agreement with the Monte Carlo data. The quenched reduced model is shown to be equivalent to the standard Wilson theory by comparing with the string variable Wilson theory at any finite order in the loop expansion in the large-N limit.     

Yang-Mills gauge theory and gravitation

We point out that Yang's and Einstein's gravitational equations can be obtained from a geometric approach of Yang-Mills gauge theory in a sourceless case, under a decomposition of the Poincaré algebra. Otherwise, Einstein's equations cannot be derived from a Yang-Mills gauge equation when sources are inserted in the rotational sector of that algebra. A gauge Lagrangian structure is also discussed.     

大尺度有效引力的E(2)规范理论模型

微波背景辐射的低l极矩的各向异性可能不能用微波背景辐射静止系boost到本动参考系来解释,我们推断boost对称性在宇宙学尺度上缺失,又由于单纯结合广义相对论和物质结构的标准模型不能解释星系以上尺度的引力现象,需要引入暗物质和暗能量.而迄今为止所有寻找暗物质粒子的实验给出的都是否定结果,暗能量的本质更是一个谜.因此,我们假设洛伦兹对称性是从星系以上尺度开始部分破缺,以非常狭义相对论对称群E(2)为例,用E(2)规范理论来构造大尺度有效引力理论,并分析了此规范理论的自洽性.从这些讨论中发现,当物质源即使为普通标量物质时,contortion也一般非零,非零contortion的存在会贡献一个等效能量动量张量的分布,它可能对暗物质效应给出至少部分的贡献.我们从对称性出发修改引力,有别于其他的修改引力理论.     

Unparticles in gauge theory

A field model for a quark and an antiquark binding is described. Quarks interact via a gauge unparticle (“ungluon”). The model is formulated in terms of Lagrangian which features the source field S(x) which becomes a local pseudo-Goldstone field of conformal symmetry — the pseudodilaton mode and from which the gauge non-primary unparticle field is derived by B _μ(x) ∼ ∂_μ S(x). Because the conformal sector is strongly coupled, the mode S(x) may be one of new states accessible at high energies. We have carried out an analysis of the important quantity that enters in the “ungluon” exchange pattern — the “ungluon” propagator.