Modified signed-digit addition by using binary logic operations and its optoelectronic implementation

In this work, a three-step modified signed-digit (MSD) addition by using binary logic operations is proposed. Each input digit is encoded with two binary bits. Through binary logic operations, all of the weight and transfer digits and the final sum digits represented with the same encoding scheme will be generated. The operations can be performed at each digit position in parallel. In our suggested optical arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), a single electron trapping (ET) device is employed to serve as the binary logic device. This technique based on ET logic possesses the advantage of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The optoelectronic system can be constructed in a simple, compact and general-purpose form.     

Self-programming Optical Logic Processor by using the PROM Device

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一种实现二进制加法符号替换规律的光逻辑系统

为了实现二进制加法符号替换规律,本文提出了一种简单的光逻辑系统,它仅包括一片二维列阵光学双稳器件.本实验采用同时具有NXOR和OR逻辑功能的透反射型ZnS光学双稳干涉滤光片作光逻辑器件.该光学逻辑系统完成了二进制加法四个符号替换规律的并行替换.光学系统采用固定的自由空间互连方法,具有光学硬件少,光功率损耗低,结构简单、实用的优点.     

Optical binary logic gate-based modified signed-digit arithmetic

A new design approach for a three-step modified signed-digit (MSD) adder is presented that can be optically implemented using binary logic gates. The proposed scheme depends on encoding each MSD digits into a pair of binary digits using a two-state and multi-position encoding scheme. The proposed design algorithm depends on constructing the addition truth table of binary-coded MSD numbers and then using Karnaugh map to achieve output minimization. The optical binary logic gates are obtained by simply programming the decoding masks of a shadow-casting-based optical logic gate system. The proposed scheme results in a simple, compact, and efficient optical binary gate-based parallel addition system.     

磁斯格明子器件及其应用进展

磁斯格明子是一种具有准粒子特性的拓扑纳米磁畴壁结构.由于磁斯格明子具有较好的稳定性和新奇的动力学特性,并可被磁场、电场、电流等方式调控,有望成为高密度、低耗能、非易失性信息存储及逻辑运算的新兴信息载体.自2009年磁斯格明子首次被实验观测到至今,已有多种基于磁斯格明子的器件概念和原型器件被提出.本文对基于磁斯格明子应用的研究进展进行综述,对现阶段几种具有代表性的磁斯格明子器件应用进行简要介绍、分析和总结,包括基于磁斯格明子的赛道存储器件、逻辑计算器件、类晶体管功能器件和纳米级微波振荡器;同时阐述了几种可能的通过磁斯格明子表达二进制信息元的方法;并展望了磁斯格明子的其他潜在应用以及未来基于磁斯格明子器件应用的发展方向.     

Coupled-Soliton All-Optical Logic Device with Two Parallel Tapered Waveguides

In this article, a new all-optical logic device by using the interaction of spatial solitons has been proposed. The operation of the proposed device is based on the evolution of a nonlinear guided wave propagating along two parallel tapered waveguides with a Kerr-type nonlinear medium between them. The numerical results show that this device could be potentially useful in several all-optical logic functions (AND, OR, and XOR).     

Coupled-Soliton All-Optical Logic Device with Two Parallel Tapered Waveguides

In this article, a new all-optical logic device by using the interaction of spatial solitons has been proposed. The operation of the proposed device is based on the evolution of a nonlinear guided wave propagating along two parallel tapered waveguides with a Kerr-type nonlinear medium between them. The numerical results show that this device could be potentially useful in several all-optical logic functions (AND, OR, and XOR).     

A novel frequency encoded all optical CNOT gate exploiting difference frequency generation and implementation of fast binary adders using frequency encoding and nonlinear dielectric films

Optics has an important role in logic implementation and computation is established in two and half decades by many researchers. Recently frequency encoding technique is established. This technique does not suffer from intensity dependent loss problems like other schemes. Amorphous dielectric thin films with reflecting edges can also be used for logic realization and has very fast response speed. It also does not use any semiconductor device and simple to construct. In this communication the authors have proposed all optical CNOT gate using frequency encoded difference frequency generation exploiting nonlinear response of some material and implementation of binary adders by CNOT gate and dielectric thin film AND gate.     

用单块电子俘获器件实现可编程二值光学逻辑处理

用单块电子俘获器件,以一种新方法一时域编码方法,实现了所有16种布尔逻辑运算.根据电子俘获材料的存贮和可擦除特性,按特定顺序进行一系列单元操作,可测到每种布尔逻辑函数,同一般光学逻辑处理器相比,这种处理器具有新的自由度一时域自由度,文末给出了实验结果.     

Polarization-encoded all-optical quaternary multiplexer and demultiplexer - A proposal

Multi-valued logic is positioned as a coming generation technology that can execute arithmetic functions faster and with less interconnect than binary logic. Furthermore, nonbinary data storage would require less physical space than binary data. The application of multi-valued digital signals can provide considerable relief of capacity constraints. In electronics many proposals have already been reported. But, here for the first time we propose an all-optical circuit for designing quaternary (four-valued) multiplexer and demultiplexer with the help of some polarization-encoded basic quaternary logic gates (quaternary min and quaternary delta literal). Nonlinear interferometer-based optical switch can take an important role here. The principles and possibilities of design of all-optical quaternary multi-valued multiplexer and demultiplexer circuits are proposed and described.     

逻辑函数形态学算子用于光学二元图像处理

提出了用于二元图像处理的逻辑函数形态学的概念。在逻辑函数形态学中,认为图像和结构核是逻辑函数,用１６个逻辑算子替代图像和结构之间在相关运算中的“乘积”,共得到１２个逻辑函数形态学算子。描述了逻辑形态学的光学实现,同时给出了实验结果。     

An all optical approach for developing a system involving Kerr material based switches for cryptographic encoding of binary data depending on the input parity

Optics is a highly potential candidate in super fast data computation and communication because of its strong inherent parallelism. Several all optical logic, arithmetic and data processing systems have been proposed in the last few decades. Many all optical digital encoders and decoders are also reported. In this paper we propose a new and alternative concept of using optics for encrypting a binary number to a suitable binary code to achieve a secured optical communication. This binary number can bear the supporting alphabets and numerals in communication of data. In this process an encrypted data is checked by necessary parity bit to ensure a secure communication. The result is verified using proper simulation.     

Four-operand parallel optical computing using shadow-casting technique

Optical shadow-casting (OSC) technique has shown excellent potential for optically implementing two-operand parallel logic gates and array logic operations. The 16 logic functions for two binary patterns (variables) are optically realizable in parallel by properly configuring an array of 2×2 light emitting diodes. In this paper, we propose an enhanced OSC technique for implementing four-operand parallel logic gates. The proposed system is capable of performing 2¹⁶ logic functions by simply programming the switching mode of an array of 4×4 light emitting diodes in the input plane. This leads to an efficient and compact realization scheme when compared to the conventional two-operand OSC system.     

基于多铁纳磁体的择多逻辑门三维磁化动态特性研究

建立了多铁纳磁体择多逻辑门的三维磁化动态模型,并施加应变时钟(应力或电压)对多铁择多逻辑门的择多计算功能进行了动态仿真,同时分析了应变时钟工作机制以及它与择多逻辑门可靠转换之间的关系.仿真结果表明所建三维动态模型准确地描述了择多逻辑门的工作机制,在30 MPa应力作用下,择多逻辑门接受新输入实现了正确的择多计算功能.研究还发现对中心纳磁体和输出纳磁体依次撤去应变时钟时,提前撤去输出纳磁体上的应力会降低择多逻辑门的正确计算概率,而延迟撤去输出纳磁体上的应力会降低择多逻辑门的工作频率.研究结果深化了人们对多铁择多逻辑门动态特性的认识,可为多铁逻辑电路的设计提供重要指导.     

Nano scale computational architectures with Spin Wave Bus

We propose and analyze a new kind of nano scale computational architectures using spin waves as a physical mechanism for device interconnection. Information is encoded into the phase of spin waves propagating in a ferromagnetic film — a Spin Wave Bus. We describe several possible logic devices utilizing spin waves. The performance of the proposed devices is illustrated by numerical modeling based on the experimental data for spin wave excitation and propagation in NiFe film. The key advantage of the proposed architectures is that information transmission is accomplished without charge transfer. Potentially, the architectures with Spin Wave Bus may be beneficial in terms of power consumption and resolve the interconnect problem. Another expected benefit is in the enhanced logic functionality. Using phase logic, it is possible to realize a number of logic functions in one device. These advantages make the architectures with a Spin Wave Bus very promising for application in ultra-high-density integrated circuits (more than 10¹⁰ devices per square inch).     

One-operation image algebra for optical processing

A binary image algebra with one operation of a logic operation followed by a dilation and its modification with three additional operations for threshold processing of grey level images are developed in this paper. All the binary image processing functions and various grey level image processing functions related to morphological operations can be represented by the algebraic structure. The algebra is particularly suitable for parallel processing by optics in a cellular logic image processor architecture.     

Computing with spins: from classical to quantum computing

This article reviews the use of single electron spins to compute. In classical computing schemes, a binary bit is represented by the bistable spin polarization of a single electron confined in a quantum dot and subjected to a weak magnetic field. The spin orientation can be either parallel or anti-parallel to the field, so that it becomes a binary variable which can encode logic 0 and logic 1. Coherent superposition of these two polarizations can represent a qubit for quantum computing. By engineering the exchange interaction between closely spaced spins in neighboring quantum dots, it is possible to implement either classical or quantum logic gates.     

Noise-based logic: Binary, multi-valued, or fuzzy, with optional superposition of logic states

A new type of deterministic (non-probabilistic) computer logic system inspired by the stochasticity of brain signals is shown. The distinct values are represented by independent stochastic processes: independent voltage (or current) noises. The orthogonality of these processes provides a natural way to construct binary or multi-valued logic circuitry with arbitrary number N of logic values by using analog circuitry. Moreover, the logic values on a single wire can be made a (weighted) superposition of the N distinct logic values. Fuzzy logic is also naturally represented by a two-component superposition within the binary case (N=2). Error propagation and accumulation are suppressed. Other relevant advantages are reduced energy dissipation and leakage current problems, and robustness against circuit noise and background noises such as 1/f, Johnson, shot and crosstalk noise. Variability problems are also non-existent because the logic value is an AC signal. A similar logic system can be built with orthogonal sinusoidal signals (different frequency or orthogonal phase) however that has an extra 1/N type slowdown compared to the noise-based logic system with increasing number of N furthermore it is less robust against time delay effects than the noise-based counterpart.     

Polarization encoded all-optical quaternary R-S flip-flop using binary latch

The developments of different multi-valued logic (MVL) systems have received considerable interests in recent years all over the world. In electronics, efforts have already been made to incorporate multi-valued system in logic and arithmetic data processing. But, very little efforts have been given in realization of MVL with optics. In this paper we present novel designs of certain all-optical circuits that can be used for realizing multi-valued logic functions. Polarization encoded all-optical quaternary (4-valued) R-S flip-flop is proposed and described. Two key circuits (all-optical encoder/decoder and a binary latch) are designed first. They are used to realize quaternary flip-flop in all-optical domain. Here the different quaternary logical states are represented by different polarized state of light. Terahertz Optical Asymmetric Demultiplexer (TOAD) based interferometric switch can take an important role. Computer simulation result confirming described methods and conclusion are given in this paper.     

产生暗归零码光标记信号的新方案

在对预编码、调制和编码过程进行改进的基础上,提出了一种利用一个双臂马赫-曾德尔铌酸锂调制器和一个电信号时延器产生可调占空比和消光比的光暗脉冲归零码二进制信号的新方案。实验证明这种信号能用传统的二进制强度调制-直接检测系统的接收机进行检测。实验得到了在调节电信号时延器时速率为2.5 Gbit/s的光暗脉冲归零码二进制信号的频谱变化规律,以及占空比分别为0.25,0.35,0.60和0.80时光暗脉冲归零码二进制信号的误码率和眼图。此外,利用该方案产生的光暗脉冲归零码二进制信号可以作为标记在光标记交换网络中得到应用。