The parametric doppler effect upon oblique radiation incidence in quartz glass

Frequency and reflection angle of probe radiation from a refractive-index inhomogeneity induced by an intense pumping pulse in quartz glass and moving with a relativistic velocity are calculated. Conditions under which the normal component of the wave vector of the reflected wave is directed to the opposite or to the same direction as the same component for the incident wave are determined. Comparison with the case of radiation reflection from a relativistic mirror in vacuum is performed. Conditions of the appearance of the Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation from a relativistic refractive-index inhomogeneity induced in the medium by an intense laser pulse are discussed.     

Relativistic study of electromagnetic electron cyclotron instability based on trapped electrons in kappa-Maxwellian auroral plasmas

The presence of relativistic electrons in the Earth's magnetosphere may excite EMEC waves via resonant interaction. The understanding of EMEC waves induced by such electrons requires relativistic treatment. Therefore, we present here the investigation of EMEC waves based on relativistic trapped electrons represented by kappa-Maxwellian distribution in auroral plasmas. The analytical expressions of real frequency and relativistic growth rate are derived. Our numerical outcomes report that relativistic approximation increases the wave growth and causes reduction in the threshold value of drift velocity of trapped electrons for instability. The wave frequency that corresponds to the maximum growth decreases as we go from nonrelativistic limit to relativistic. The maximum growth increases with the increment in plasma frequency, perpendicular thermal velocity, drift velocity of trapped electrons, and Lorentz factor γ. Moreover, the relativistic effects on maximum growth are more pronounced for smaller values of drift velocity and perpendicular thermal velocity.     

Relativistic and distorted wave effects on Xe 4d electron momentum distributions

The relativistic and distorted wave effects are investigated for the electron momentum distributions of Xe 4d electrons.The theoretical results show good agreements with the experimental data measured previously with electron momentum spectroscopy. The distorted wave effect and the relativistic effect are found to play important roles in the low and high momentum regions, respectively.     

Possible Dark States Induced by?a?Surface Wave Along?a?Vacuum-Matter Boundary

Possible dark states could be induced after derivations of the entrainment of matter induced by a surface wave propagating along the flexible vacuum-matter boundary by considering the nonlinear coupling between the interface and the rarefaction effect. The nonrelativistic limit of the relativistic Navier-Stokes equations was considered and analytically solved by a perturbation approach. The critical reflux values associated with the product of the second-order body forcing and the Reynolds number (representing the viscous dissipations) decrease as the Knudsen number (representing the rarefaction measure) increases from zero to 0.1. We obtained the critical bounds for possible dark states corresponding to specific Reynolds numbers (ratio of wave inertia and viscous dissipation effects) and wave numbers which might be linked to the dissipative evolution of certain large-scale structure during the relativistic heavy-ion collisions.     

N‐shell ionization cross sections by proton impact in the BEA

The N‐subshell ionizations cross sections of heavy elements by proton impact have been calculated in the binary‐encounter approximation. The momentum distribution of target electrons is taken into account by the use of the nonrelativistic and relativistic hydrogenic models and the Hartree–Fock–Roothaan and the relativistic Hartree–Fock–Roothaan methods. The obtained subshell ionization cross sections are compared with the experimental data and other theoretical calculations. The electronic relativistic effect and the wave‐function effect on N‐shell ionization cross sections are discussed.     

耦合对相对论效应下的三次谐波的影响

研究了相对论效应引起的场量的非线性对谐波辐射源的影响；在入射光为长脉冲激光并计及各阶谐波间的耦合时，解析研究了三次谐波的振幅、频率、相位的变化及增长与饱和特性并计算了转化率，结果表明谐波间的耦合使幅值和转化率减少。     

Study of relativistic bound state wave functions in quasielastic (e,e′ p) reactions

The unpolarized response functions of the quasielastic ¹⁶O(e,e′ p)¹⁵N reaction are calculated for three different types of relativistic bound-state wave functions. The wave functions are obtained from relativistic Hartree, relativistic Hartree-Fock and density-dependent relativistic Hartree calculations that reproduce the experimental rms charge radius of ¹⁶O. The sensitivity of the unpolarized response functions to the single-particle structure of the different models is investigated in the relativistic plane-wave impulse approximation. Redistributions of the momentum dependence in the longitudinal and transverse response function can be related to the binding energy of the single-particle states. The interference responses R_LT and R_TT reveal a strong sensitivity to the small component of the relativistic bound-state wave function.     

Classical simulation of relativistic Zitterbewegung in photonic lattices

We present the first experimental realization of an optical analog for relativistic quantum mechanics by simulating the Zitterbewegung (trembling motion) of a free Dirac electron in an optical superlattice. Our photonic setting enables a direct visualization of Zitterbewegung as a spatial oscillatory motion of an optical beam. Direct measurements of the wave packet expectation values in superlattices with tuned miniband gaps clearly show the transition from weak-relativistic to relativistic and far-relativistic regimes.     

弹性e-d散射中氘核的张量极化t20与ρπγ耦合过程

在夸克-强子混杂模型基础上，利用氘核的相对论波函数，计及冲击近似、ρπγ过程贡献和6夸克集团效应， 计算了氘核的张量极化t20. 结果表明， 当ρπγ耦合常数取正值时， t20的理论值才与新扩展的实验数据符合. Tensor polarization t20 of the deuteron is calculated on the basis of a hybrid quark hadron model. A relativistic wave function of the deuteron is used to calculate the relativistic impulse approximation and the contribution of the ρπγ meson exchange process. Good agreement with experimental data is achieved when and only when the ρπγ coupling constant is taken as positive.     

相对论效应对大振幅电子等离子体振荡破裂影响的数值模拟

通过数值求解符拉索夫方程和泊松方程，研究了相对论效应和温度效应对等离子体振荡破裂的影响. 不考虑相对论效应情况下，初始扰动幅度较小时，不会发生等离子体振荡破裂，系统具有时间周期性. 此时电子温度的增加，会使得等离子体振荡最大幅度减小. 考虑相对论效应时，即使初始的等离子体电子密度扰动幅度不大，随着时间演化，相对论效应也能导致等离子体振荡破裂，而且初始电子密度扰动越小，产生等离子体振荡破裂所需时间越长. 在初始电子密度扰动较大时，无论考虑和不考虑相对论效应都会出现波破裂，但两者的结果有很大不同. 此外温度效应会降低能发生等离子体波破裂的阈值；等离子体波的相速度越大，能产生的波破裂现象也越明显. 关键词： 等离子体振荡 相对论效应 振荡破裂     

Masses and electroweak properties of light mesons in the relativistic quark model

The masses, pseudoscalar and vector weak decay constants and electromagnetic form factors of light S-wave mesons are studied in the framework of the relativistic quark model based on the quasipotential approach. We use the same model assumptions and parameters as in our previous investigations of heavy meson and baryon properties. The masses and wave functions of the ground state and radially excited π, ρ, K, K^* and φ mesons, obtained by solving numerically the relativistic Schrödinger-like equation with the complete relativistic qq? potential including both spin-independent and spin-dependent terms, are presented. Novel relativistic expressions for the weak decay constants of the pseudoscalar and vector mesons are derived. It is shown that the intermediate negative-energy quark states give significant contributions which essentially decrease the decay constants bringing them in agreement with experimental data. The electromagnetic form factors of the pion, charged and neutral kaon are calculated in a broad range of the space-like momentum transfer. The corresponding charge radii are determined. All results agree well with the available experimental data.     

Relativistic Derivation of the Ponderomotive Force Produced by Two Intense Laser Fields

The ponderomotive force plays a fundamental role in the absorption of laser light on self-consistent plasma density profiles, in multiple-photon ionization, and in intense field electrodynamics. The relativistic corrections to the ponderomotive force of a transversely polarized electromagnetic wave lead to an approximately 20-percent reduction in the single particle ponderomotive force produced by a 10-?m 1016-W/cm2 laser field. Recent experimental investigations are based on using two intense laser fields to produce desired laser-matter interactions. This paper presents the first derivation of the nonlinear relativistic ponderomotive force produced by two intense laser fields. The results demonstrate that relativistic ponderomotive forces are not additive.     

类铍离子激发态1s22P2 3Pe的能量、精细结构和跃迁波长的计算

采用多组态相互作用方法及Rayleigh-Ritz变分法,计算了类铍离子等电子系列(Z=4-10)激发态1s22p2 3Pe的非相对论能量,利用截断变分方法得到能量改进量,进一步考虑相对论效应和质量极化效应,从而获得了高精度的能量计算值.给出了类铍离子等电子系列激发态1s22p2 3Pe的相对论能量修正和质量极化效应随核电荷数Z变化的情况.同时还计算了激发态1s22p23Pe的精细结构能级和劈裂,以及1s22s2p3Po到1s22p2 3Pe态的辐射跃迁波长.计算结果与其他理论和实验符合得很好.     

相对论电离波前与探针波二维作用产生的频率转换

利用哈密顿形式的光线追迹方程对几种作用情况下相对论电离波前导致的探针波频率转换现象进行了理论上的研究。指出探针波频率不但会上移，条件合适时还会发生下移。反射角和透射角一般也会发生显著变化。     

New relativistic wave equations associated with indecomposable representations of the Poincaré group

A general formalism for constructing wave equations associated with an induced representation of a topological group G is developed. Next, this formalism is applied in constructing new relativistic wave equations associated with indecomposable representations of the Poincaré group. The properties of new equations for spin-1/2 and spin-1 are discussed in some detail.     

Nonlocality in Relativistic Dynamics

Recent experiments have renewed interest in nonlocal interpretations of quantum mechanics. The experimental observation of the violation of Bell's inequalities implies the existence of nonlocality. Bohm expressed the nonlocal connection between quantum particles through the wave function and the quantum potential. This paper shows that a similar connection exists in a relativistic dynamical theory known as parametrized relativistic quantum theory (PRQT). We present an introduction to PRQT, derive the quantum potential for a system of relativistic scalar particles, and discuss alternative interpretations of nonlocality.     

RELATIVISTIC STUDY OF PROTON-NUCLEUS ELASTIC SCATTERING AT LOWER ENERGIES

The Lorentz invariant relativistic optical potential have been discussed at energies below 300MeV.The Dirac equation with scalar and vector potential is solved by exact partial wave method.The calculated results of proton ⁴⁰Ca at energy region 300—65MeV are presented and compared with the experimental data of differential cross section dσ/dΩ,analyzing power A_y(θ) and spin rotation function Q(θ).It is shown that the impoved relativistic optical potential fits the data well.     

Non-paraxial theory of self-defocusing/focusing of a laser pulse in a multiple-ionizing gas

The self-focusing of a laser pulse through a tunnel ionizing gas (helium) has been studied in both non-relativistic and relativistic regimes, relaxing the near-axis approximation. In the non-relativistic regime, the laser pulse produces multiple ionization of the gas and faces strong defocusing due to the steep radial density gradient caused by the same. The uneven defocusing of paraxial and marginal rays leads to a beam acquiring a ring shaped intensity distribution. In the relativistic regime, the laser pulse produces fully ionized plasma within a few wave periods, subsequently the relativistic mass effect and the ponderomotive force induced electron cavitation cause periodic self-focusing. PACS 52.38.Hb; 42.65.Jx     

任意温度密度下的原子结构计算

本文用含有电子自作用修正的TF势求解了任意温度物质密度下的Schrodinger波动方程。为了能够处理相对论效应,波动方程中又引入了质速修正项和Darwin项以及自旋-轨道耦合修正项。本文着重计算了Fe、Rb在几种温度密度下的情况,并在表中给出了计算结果与更准确结果的比较。用现行方法获得的数据与HFS方法的结果也是可以媲美的。