共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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通过原位聚合的方式在银纳米粒子/多壁碳纳米管(Ag/MWCNT)复合材料的表面成功聚合苯胺单体制备了聚苯胺/银纳米粒子/多壁碳纳米管(PANI/Ag/MWCNT)三元复合材料苯.通过对三元复合材料的结构以及表面形貌进行分析,表明聚苯胺层完全包覆了Ag/MWCNT复合材料,形成了核壳式结构.同时银纳米粒子则以单质晶体的形态存在于多壁碳纳米管与聚苯胺层之间.三元复合材料电极在1 mol/L的KOH溶液中具有极低的阻抗,而与聚苯胺电极相比,这些复合材料电极则表现出更低的电阻、更高的电化学活性和更好的循环稳定性.尤其是当苯胺和Ag:MWCNTs质量比为5:5时,该复合材料电极在0.25 A/g的电流密度下表现出最大的比电容值为160 F/g. 相似文献
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采用插层聚合法制备了导电聚苯胺/钙基膨润土、聚苯胺/有机化膨润土复合材料.以电导率为考核指标,通过正交设计优化了苯胺的加入量、反应温度和反应时间等参数.结果表明,苯胺的加入量影响较显著,反应温度对聚苯胺/有机化膨润土复合材料影响较聚苯胺/钙基膨润土体系明显,反应时间的延长,有利于聚苯胺/有机化膨润土复合材料电导率的提高.聚苯胺/钙基膨润土复合材料制备的最佳工艺条件为:苯胺加入量为70%,反应温度为0℃,反应时间为6 h;聚苯胺/有机化膨润土复合材料制备的最佳工艺条件为:苯胺加入量为70%,反应温度为室温,反应时间为8 h.利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和四探针技术表征了材料的组成、结构和性能.结果表明:膨润土经有机化后,晶面间距增大较多;苯胺单体与钙基膨润土插层聚合后,膨润土晶面间距增大不多;苯胺单体与有机化膨润土复合后,破坏了膨润土的晶格结构,形成了混杂复合体系,电导率达10-3S.cm-1. 相似文献
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聚苯胺理论比容量高,具有优良的导电性能,是理想的超级电容器电极材料。但是,在长期的充放电过程中容易发生体积的收缩与膨胀,循环寿命差。同时,石墨烯由于具有高的理论比表面积,被广泛用作超级电容器电极材料。将聚苯胺与石墨烯复合,利用二者的协同作用,使复合材料具有优异的电化学性能。本文综述了石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备方法以及近年来在超级电容器领域的主要研究成果,并就其目前存在的主要问题进行了讨论,最后对石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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首先用硅烷偶联剂(KH550)对所制备粒径在100 nm以下的纳米ZnO进行表面修饰(M-ZnO), 然后在弱磁场(0.4 T)下乙醇/水/十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)体系中原位聚合分别制备了重均分子量达3×104的聚苯胺(PANI)及聚苯胺/纳米ZnO复合材料. 红外分析表明纳米ZnO的加入使聚苯胺的特征峰向低波数方向移动|溶解性测试表明聚苯胺及其复合材料在氯仿和N-甲基吡咯烷酮中均有较高的溶解度(高于80%)|X-射线衍射表明磁场能有效地改善聚苯胺主链的规整性, 使聚苯胺分子链有更好离域的π电子体系|M-ZnO的引入显著地提高了PANI的电导率(可达220 S/m), 同时具有较好的透光性(80%)|这表明PANI/纳米ZnO复合材料在柔性光电器件领域具有潜在的应用价值. 相似文献
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采用高分子凝胶法制备尖晶石型Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4,原位聚合法制备纯聚苯胺和聚苯胺/Co0.5Zn0.5-Fe2O4纳米复合材料.使用傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对复合材料进行了表征.FTIR和XRD的结果表明样品为纯聚苯胺和聚苯胺/Co0.5Zn0.5-Fe2O4.UV-Vis光谱表明聚苯胺/Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4苯环上的π-π*和n-π*分别红移了23nm和5nm.TEM照片可知,聚苯胺和聚苯胺/Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4粒子的平均粒径分别约为50nm和70nm.在8.2~12.4GHz测试频率范围内,聚苯胺/Co0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4的ε″数值在9.2~12.3之间,u″数值在0.15~0.16之间;聚苯胺/Co0.5-Zn0.5Fe2O4介电损耗低于纯聚苯胺,而磁损耗高于纯聚苯胺. 相似文献
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有序介孔二氧化硅/聚苯胺复合物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文综述了有序介孔二氧化硅/聚苯胺复合物从出现至今的10余年里的研究进展,介绍了复合物的合成方法,包括气相法、液相法和一步合成法,以及模板剂单体原位合成法等。引入苯胺单体后在孔道内聚合生成聚苯胺,即聚苯胺与有序介孔二氧化硅形成了复合物。该复合物的结构和形貌,以及孔道中聚苯胺的结构形态和电学性质,与本体聚苯胺相比具有显著的变化。这种以有序介孔二氧化硅为模板制备的聚苯胺的单分子导线,有潜力应用在新型的电子或光电子器件上。此外,该复合物因为其独特性质很可能在燃料电池的聚合物电解质膜、湿度传感器、电流变材料以及电化学电容器等方面得到应用。 相似文献
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The p-NiO/n-TiO2/polyaniline composites were synthesized via in situ polymerization of aniline. The structure and morphology of the composites were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. It was found that the p-n junction p-NiO/n-TiO2 particles were trapped in the polyaniline molecular matrix and the polyaniline was deposited on the surface of the particles to form a kind of flower cluster morphologies. The electrochemical behavior of the polyaniline composites was investigated. The electrochemical reactivity of the polyaniline was influenced by the p-NiO/n-TiO2 particles due to the effect of electron-hole pairs in these p-n junction particles. The reversibility of redox process and current intensity of the polyaniline composites with the changing of potential scan rate were also discussed. 相似文献
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聚苯胺及其复合物对重金属离子的高效吸附性能 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
基于国外最新文献,系统总结了近年来聚苯胺及其复合物的制备方法及其重金属离子吸附性能,重点分析了吸附性能特征,指出聚苯胺及其复合物具有吸附下限浓度低、达到吸附平衡快以及解吸附性能优异等特点.填充有聚苯胺颗粒的吸附柱在动态处理初始浓度为83 ng/L的汞离子溶液时,经一次吸附与解吸循环操作后,汞离子的富集倍数可达120倍.应用于冷原子吸收光谱的待测样品的浓缩与富集,可以将汞的测试下限拓展到0.05 ng/L.聚苯胺及其复合物在痕量重金属离子的高效富集与灵敏探测等方面展示了广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
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Tarek S. Jamil A. M. Shaban M. S. Shalaby E. R. Souaya M. R. Sedra A. H. Abd El Aziz 《Polymer Science Series B》2018,60(3):387-394
The main target of this work is to choose the best preparation conditions to have a perfect yield of the new composites prepared from mixing Zeolite X with polyaniline. The preparation of polyaniline and polyaniline/Zeolite X composites as anticorrosion coat was studied. The composites were synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV–visible spectroscopy techniques, which showed the successful synthesis. 相似文献
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Synthesis and characterization of red mud/polyaniline composites: Electrical properties and thermal stability 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
New types of conducting composites using red mud as an inorganic substrate and polyaniline as the conducting phase were prepared. Red mud/polyaniline (RM/PANI) composites were synthesized in acidic aqueous solution by the chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium peroxydisulfate as the oxidant. The composites exhibit conductivities in the 0.42-5.2 S cm−1 range, depending on the amount of polyaniline. They were characterized by infrared and UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The IR and X-ray results show that PANI is deposited on the RM surface. The composites have a globular structure and the PANI globules synthesized on the surface of RM are smaller than those prepared under the same conditions without the substrate. Thermogravimetric analysis was used for investigation of the thermal stability of the composites. The thermal stability of the conductivity of RM/PANI composites was studied by ageing at 125 °C, the conductivity being measured in situ during this process. 相似文献
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N. P. Berezina S. A. Shkirskaya M. V. Kolechko O. V. Popova I. N. Senchikhin V. I. Roldugin 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2011,47(9):995-1005
An express method of synthesis of surface-modified membrane composites is suggested that allows obtaining heterogeneous materials
featuring effects of the blocking of the transport of solvent ions and molecules. Studies using the methods of atomic force
microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and IR spectroscopy show that
polyaniline is in the form of emeraldine and water at the interface of polyaniline aromatic chains and initial membrane sulfogroups
is in a structured state due to formation of interpolymer complexes. This determines higher thermal stability of composites
and specific morphology of the polyaniline layer. Measurement of electroosmotic and diffusion permeability and also membrane
conductivity in HCl solutions (with the concentration of 0.01 to 2 M) shows the blocking effect of the polyaniline layer causing
a significant decrease in transport characteristics in a wide range of concentrations of equilibrium solutions. A model of
structural heterogeneity of composites is offered that takes into account the presence of an additional structural element,
polyaniline, in the basic polymer matrix. Mechanisms of the observed barrier effects are discussed. Comparison of the transport-structural
parameters of the MF-4SK membrane and MF-4SK/PAn composites allows elucidating the role of polyaniline in formation of transport
routes for ion and solvent fluxes. 相似文献