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As a result of design, manufacturing and assembly processes or a wear effect, clearances are inevitable at the joints of mechanisms. In this study, dynamic response of mechanism having revolute joints with clearance is investigated. A four-bar mechanism having two joints with clearance is considered as a model mechanism. A neural network was used to model several characteristics of joint clearance. Kinematic and dynamic analyses were achieved using continuous contact mode between journal and bearing. A genetic algorithm was also used to determine the appropriate values of design variables for reducing the additional vibration effect due primarily to the joint clearance. The results show that the optimal adjusting of suitable design variables gives a certain decrease in shaking forces and their moments on the mechanism frame. 相似文献
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研究了爆炸产物发生化学反应对约束爆炸准静态压力的影响,推导了考虑爆炸产物发生化学反应时,约束空间内准静态压力的计算公式.以TNT炸药发生约束爆炸为例,分析了不同药量体积比下爆炸产物的化学反应动力学过程.编写了计算TNT炸药约束爆炸后准静态压力的程序,将程序计算结果与实验测量结果和ConWep程序计算结果进行对比,验证了计算方法的准确性,证明了爆炸产物发生化学反应对约束爆炸准静态压力有重要的影响.考虑爆炸产物发生化学反应对压力的影响,利用LS-DYNA对TNT炸药在一长方体药室内的爆炸进行了数值模拟,模拟结果表明,考虑爆炸产物发生化学反应时,药室会出现局部塑性应变与应力集中现象,最大塑性应变达到0.8‰. 相似文献
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采用分子动力学方法模拟硅探针在空位缺陷和Stone-Wales(SW)缺陷石墨烯上的滑移过程,研究空位缺陷和SW缺陷对石墨烯摩擦力的影响.研究结果表明:两种缺陷石墨烯摩擦力大于完美石墨烯,空位缺陷使石墨烯界面势垒增大导致能量耗散增加,摩擦力增大;SW缺陷使石墨烯表面形成凸起,阻碍探针滑移,摩擦力增大.空位缺陷石墨烯平均摩擦力随缺陷浓度的增加而增加,Y向空位缺陷石墨烯平均摩擦力大于X向,这都是由空位陷处能量势垒和缺陷与探针切向作用距离共同决定的.SW2型缺陷石墨烯摩擦力大于SW1型,X向SW2型缺陷石墨烯摩擦力大于Y向SW2型,因为存在相邻五边形碳原子环结构的石墨烯表面更容易产生凸起,摩擦力较大.以上研究结果完善了缺陷石墨烯的摩擦机制,对设计和开发石墨烯微纳器件提够了理论依据和指导. 相似文献
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A review of recent investigation on boiling of saturated liquids over plain and enhanced tube bundles has been carried out taking the earlier review works as reference point. The experimental observations of various geometry and performance parameters studied by researchers are analyzed keeping current demand of industries in design and development of compact, efficient heat exchanging devices. The study shows that tube spacing plays an important role in determination of compactness of the heat exchanger. 相似文献
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本文对二烷基二硫化磷酸锌在不同温度下自液体石蜡溶液中于铁表面的等温吸附进行了试验研究。结果表明,在285-353K的温度范围内,恒温搅拌3小时就基本达到了吸附平衡。在285K和303K这两种温度下的吸附等温线均属S型曲线,这表明二烷基二硫代磷酸锌主要是以分子形态和表面反胶的形式被吸附;而其在较高温度(333K和353K)下的吸附等温线却发生了显著的变化,这是二烷基二硫代磷酸锌在铁表面催化分解和氧化 相似文献
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当海况不佳时,水下航行器大幅晃动,捷联惯导系统无法快速完成自主初始对准,因此提出了利用多普勒计程仪提供的速度信息进行运动中辅助对准。针对在非线性对准中扩展卡尔曼滤波存在精度低,且需要计算雅可比矩阵等不足,提出了一种基于非线性预测滤波的求容积卡尔曼滤波算法。该滤波算法将惯性器件测量误差作为模型误差使用非线性预测滤波器进行实时预测,然后再利用求容积卡尔曼滤波对模型误差补偿后的系统进行状态估计。仿真结果表明,与扩展卡尔曼滤波和求容积卡尔曼滤波算法相比,该滤波算法能够不仅提高失准角特别是方位失准角的估计精度,其精度约为45″,而且加快了收敛速度。同时由于该滤波算法降低了系统状态的维数,因此也大大减少了计算量。 相似文献
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固体力学是整个力学学科中研究规模最大的分支学科,一直得到国家自然科学基金长期稳定的支持.本文对2001-2009年度力学科学处面上项目、青年科学基金和地区科学基金项目的申请和资助情况进行介绍,重点分析了固体力学学科基金申请和资助状况,展示了我国固体力学学科的发展现状,提出了促进固体力学学科发展的建议和措施. 相似文献
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三维数字图像相关(DIC)方法已在众多工程技术领域中得到了日益广泛的应用.当该方法用来测试表面曲率较大的物体的变形时,受双相机之间夹角的限制,不能实现全场的三维形貌测量.采用在两个(及以上)不同位置拍摄,分别得到被测物的局部形貌,然后用三维DIC算法计算局部坐标系之间的坐标变换关系,将局部形貌转换至同一坐标系下并拼接得到被测物全场三维形貌.实验结果验证了该方法的可行性和可靠性. 相似文献
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利用H∞滤波器改进舰船SINS在摇摆基座上的初始对准 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在摇摆状态下,利用常规Kalman滤波器得到的初始对准精度较低。为了提高捷联惯性导航系统在舰船摇摆基座上的初始对准精度,提出应用鲁棒扩展H∞滤波器实现初始对准。鲁棒扩展H∞滤波器是建立在鲁棒控制理论基础上的次优估计算法,以牺牲一定的准确性来提高滤波器的鲁棒性。在摇摆基座初始对准中利用鲁棒扩展H∞滤波器,是为了克服在大干扰情况下,系统误差模型不准确造成Kalman滤波器估计误差较大的问题。半物理仿真试验结果表明:在舰船横摇、纵摇、艏摇运动环境下,采用鲁棒扩展H∞滤波器得到的初始对准姿态角误差在12″(1σ)以内,方位角误差在15′(1σ)以内,优于使用Kalman滤波器的结果。 相似文献
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Three-dimensional (3D) trajectories of spherical air bubbles passing through a converging part of a rectangular channel have
been measured. Bubble diameters, d
b, were less than 1 mm and the Reynolds numbers, Re
b, for stagnant tapwater and for mean liquid velocity vˉ
L=0.25 m/s were in about same range.
Received: 15 January 2001 / Accepted: 12 June 2001 相似文献
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轮轨滚动接触下,钢轨表面会产生典型的鱼钩形剥离掉块,其形成机理目前暂未明确.为了探究轮轨滚动接触下钢轨表面裂纹扩展机理,基于最大周向拉应力准则,建立轮轨滚动接触疲劳计算模型,提出裂尖扩展路径预测方法,并对不同初始角度裂纹的扩展路径进行预测.结果表明,钢轨表面微裂纹为Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型裂纹,随着裂纹长度增加,KⅠ先增加后减小,... 相似文献
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The nonlinear viscous flow problem associated with a heaving vertical cylinder with two heave plates in the form of two circular disks attached is solved using a finite difference method. Numerical experiments are carried out to investigate the spanwise length effects on the hydrodynamic properties, such as added mass and damping coefficients. Over a Keulegan–Carpenter (KC) number range from 0.1 to 0.6 at frequency parameter (β=7.869×107), calculations indicate that a KC-dependent critical value of spanwise length L/Dd (L—the distance between the disks, and Dd—the diameter of the disks) exists. A significant influence of L/Dd on the vortex shedding patterns around the disks and the hydrodynamic coefficients is revealed when L/Dd is smaller than the critical value due to strong interaction between vortices of different disks. Beyond that limit, however, both added mass and damping coefficients are shown to be rather stable, indicating the independence of the vortex shedding processes of different disks. 相似文献
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V. A. Kotlyarevskii 《Fluid Dynamics》1978,13(3):452-454
Questions of the interaction between solid and elastic structures with an ideal fluid which are associated with the initial stage of the impact and penetration of bodies in the fluid were considered in [1–4]. Results are presented below of an analysis of a central impact on a solid weightless plate which is on the surface of a compressible fluid. The impact velocity is much less than the speed of sound in the medium. Computations are performed by a finite-difference Lagrange method according to a program for plane motions of a continuous medium [5] by using a volume artificial viscosity of Neumann-Richtmayer type [6].Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 3, pp. 143–145, May–June, 1978. 相似文献
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以框架结构为研究对象,采用分数阶状态方程进行控制器设计,提出了基于LMI的分数阶控制器设计方法。首先,把原系统振动方程改为阶次为1~2的分数阶状态方程,同时,构造同阶次分数阶控制器状态方程,进而组装为一个整体状态方程;其次,根据分数阶系统稳定性条件确定满足系统渐进稳定性的不等式。为了获得可行解,在不等式中附加了两个参数,同时,令控制器参数矩阵为对称;再次,从仿真结果来看,控制效果过好,但控制力偏大,为此,控制力计算时附加了调节因子,以期在满足控制效果的基础上,降低所需控制力;最后给出了一个算例说明本文方法的可行性。 相似文献
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医用NiTi形状记忆合金表面类金刚石薄膜的生物摩擦磨损性能研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
利用脉冲电弧离子镀在医用NiTi形状记忆合金基底上沉积无氢类金刚石(DLC)薄膜,采用Raman光谱分析薄膜的微观结构,在UMT-2MT型摩擦磨损试验机上考察了薄膜的体外生物摩擦磨损特性.结果表明:所制备的类金刚石碳薄膜为四面体非晶碳薄膜,具有典型的类金刚石结构特征;在干摩擦及0.9%NaCl溶液和Hank’s溶液润滑条件下,DLC薄膜显示出良好的抗磨减摩性能;在NiTi合金表面沉积DLC薄膜以提高其生物相容性是可行的。 相似文献