在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱-串联质谱非衍生化法测定食品中氯丙醇

建立了食品中氯丙醇类化合物的非衍生化在线凝胶渗透色谱-气相色谱-串联质谱(Online GPC-GCMS/MS)测定方法,目标化合物包括3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD)、2-氯-1,3-丙二醇(2-MCPD)、1,3-二氯-2-丙醇(1,3-DCP)和2,3-二氯-1-丙醇(2,3-DCP).样品中加入氘代同位素内标后,采用ExtrelutTM NT硅藻土进行固相支持液液萃取净化,用正己烷淋洗去除非极性杂质,以乙酸乙酯萃取目标物,萃取液经浓缩后直接采用Online GPC-GC-MS/MS测定.4种氯丙醇在0.005～1.000 mg/L范围内呈良好线性,相关系数均大于0.999,4种氯丙醇的检出限在0.002～ 0.005 mg/kg之间,定量限在0.005～0.01 mg/kg之间.以空白酱油样品为代表性基质的3个水平(0.02,0.1和0.5 mg/kg)的加标回收率和相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为94.8％～106.3％ (2.2％ ～ 10.3％),91.8％～108.8％(2.1％～10.6％)和83.1％ ～109.4％(1.3％～9.4％).采用本方法分别对酱油、水解植物蛋白液(粉)、料酒、鸡精、面包和糕点样品进行检测,均得到了满意的测定结果.     

同位素稀释-气相色谱-质谱法测定食用植物油中总氯丙醇脂肪酸酯

建立了食用植物油中总氯丙醇脂肪酸酯(氯丙醇酯)的同位素稀释-气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测方法。样品经甲醇钠-甲醇溶液水解,硅藻土小柱净化,七氟丁酰咪唑(HFBI)衍生后,GC-MS 检测,同位素内标法定量。3-MCPD 酯、2-MCPD 酯、1,3-DCP 酯和2,3-DCP 酯在0.050~2.000 mg/ L 浓度范围内,均呈良好线性相关,相关系数(R)均大于0.9995。3-MCPD 酯、2-MCPD 酯、1,3-DCP 酯和2,3-DCP 酯的检出限分别为0.015,0.015,0.030和0.030 mg/ kg,定量限分别为0.050,0.050,0.100和0.100 mg/ kg。以空白特级初榨橄榄油为空白基质的加标回收实验的平均回收率为87.0%~110.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10.1%。在74份食用植物油样品中,3-MCPD 酯、2-MCPD 酯和1,3-DCP 酯的检出率分别为94.6%,63.5%和5.4%,未检出2,3-DCP 酯;3-MCPD 酯、2-MCPD 酯和1,3-DCP 酯的含量分别在未检出(ND)~10.646 mg/ kg、ND ~3.617 mg/ kg 和ND ~0.089 mg/ kg 之间。本方法简便、准确、可靠,适用于食用植物油中总氯丙醇酯的测定。     

微乳电动毛细管色谱法分离检测酱油中的氯丙醇

建立了微乳电动毛细管色谱分离3种氯丙醇的方法。以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)作为表面活性剂,系统考察了pH值、缓冲溶液类型和浓度、SDS浓度、助表面活性剂浓度、油相浓度、温度和运行电压对3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD),1,3-二氯-2-丙醇(1,3-DCP),2,3-二氯-1-丙醇(2,3-DCP)分离的影响。结果表明,最佳微乳缓冲液为1%(V/V)正庚烷,100 mmol/L SDS,10%(V/V)正丁醇和8 mmol/L磷酸二氢钠-硼砂溶液(pH 8.50),检测波长为192 nm,温度20℃,分离电压为15 kV。3种氯丙醇的线性范围为2.0×10-6～3.2×10-5 mol/L,相关系数大于0.996,检出限(S/N=3)为0.95～1.9μmol/L。酱油样品经乙醚液液萃取,萃取平均回收率为93.2%～103.0%,相对标准偏差小于6.5%。本方法应用于实际样品和加标后样品中三氯丙醇的检测,结果满意。     

同位素稀释-气相色谱-质谱法测定食品接触纸制品中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇和1,3-二氯-2-丙醇的迁移量

建立了同位素稀释-气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）同时测定食品接触纸制品中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇（3-MCPD）和1,3-二氯-2-丙醇（1,3-DCP）迁移量的方法。以4%（体积分数,下同）乙酸溶液、10%（体积分数,下同）乙醇溶液、50%（体积分数,下同）乙醇溶液和橄榄油为食品模拟物,根据GB 5009.156-2016和GB 31604.1-2015对样品进行迁移试验。称取迁移后的样品溶液10.00 g,经5 mL异辛烷（4%乙酸溶液、10%乙醇溶液、50%乙醇溶液）或2 mL甲醇（橄榄油）萃取,离心,氮吹至近干后,再加入含100μg·L^-1 3-MCPD-d₅和1,3-DCP-d₅的内标溶液1.0 mL,得到样品浓缩液。用气密针向样品浓缩液中加入20μL衍生试剂[含1%（质量分数）三甲基氯硅烷的N,O-双（三甲基硅烷基）三氟乙酰胺溶液],于80℃衍生60 min。采用GC-MS分析,内标法定量。结果显示：3-MCPD、1,3-DCP标准曲线的线性范围均为5～100μg·L^-1,检出限（3s）均...     

调味品中氯丙醇的GC/ECD和GC/MS/MS衍生化检测方法研究及应用

报道了调味品中氯丙醇的衍生化气相色谱(GC／ECD)和衍生化气相色谱双串联质谱法(GC／MS／MS)测定。GC／ECD测定酱油中3—氯—1，2—丙二醇(3—MCPD)的检出限达到0．01mg／kg，回收率为91％～104％，变异系数为2．27％～7．96％；GC／MS／MS同时测定酱油中1，3—二氯—2—丙醇、2，3—二氯—1—丙醇和3—氯—1，2—丙二醇，1，3—二氯—2—丙醇、2，3—二氯—1—丙醇的检出限为0．02mg／kg，3—氯—1，2—丙二醇的检出限为0．01mg／kg，回收率在92％～106％，变异系数为3．51％～13．33％。     

气相色谱法分析阳离子醚化剂中残存的环氧氯丙烷和1,3-二氯丙醇

建立了液体阳离子醚化剂中残存的环氧氯丙烷、1,3-二氯丙醇的气相色谱分析法。用苯甲酸甲酯萃取样品,对两组分都有很高的萃取率。选用HP-5 30　m毛细管柱,一次进样能同时测定两组分,两组分达到完全分离,且均在萃取剂前出峰,因而减少了峰扩散,提高了检测灵敏度。检测的线性范围:环氧氯丙烷5～590 mg/kg,1,3-二氯丙醇21～480 mg/kg;检测限:环氧氯丙烷1.2 mg/kg,1,3-二氯丙醇2.2 mg/kg;回收率：环氧氯丙烷95.93%～103.42%,相对标准偏差(RSD)2.4%～10.     

气相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定调味品中3种糠醛类物质

建立了同时测定调味品中糠醛、5-甲基糠醛和5-羟甲基糠醛的气相色谱-串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)。对样品的前处理方法及GC-MS/MS分析条件进行优化,样品经乙酸乙酯萃取,GC-MS/MS多反应监测模式(MRM)进行测定。3种糠醛类物质在0.001～20 mg/L范围内均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 0～0.999 5;检出限(S/N=3)均为0.005 mg/kg,加标回收率为86%～95%。该法简便、快速、溶剂用量少,可消除调味品中复杂基质的干扰,结果准确可靠、灵敏度高,适用于调味品中3种糠醛类物质的同时测定。     

气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法同时测定调味品中的氨基甲酸乙酯和氯丙醇

建立了气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)同时测定调味品中氨基甲酸乙酯(EC)和氯丙醇(3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD)和2-氯-1,3-丙二醇(2-MCPD))的方法。样品添加同位素内标后,采用Extrelut^TM NT有机硅藻土填料进行基质固相分散萃取,先用正己烷淋洗除杂,再用乙酸乙酯-乙醚(20:80, v/v)混合溶剂洗脱被测物,洗脱液经浓缩后采用GC-MS/MS多反应监测(MRM)模式测定。EC、3-MCPD和2-MCPD的方法检出限依次为2、5和5 μg/kg,线性范围依次为5~1000 μg/kg(r=0.9997)、10~1000 μg/kg(r=0.9991)和10~1000 μg/kg(r=0.9995)。酱油、料酒(黄酒)、沙拉酱和方便面调味料4种基体中在20、100和400 μg/kg 3个水平加标测定的平均回收率和相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)范围分别为EC: 87.7%~104%(RSD为4.3%~10.7%)、3-MCPD: 90.1%~109%(RSD为2.6%~10.2%)、2-MCPD: 90.9%~103%(RSD为3.0%~9.5%)。在部分酱油、料酒和方便面调味料中同时检测到了EC、3-MCPD和2-MCPD,在部分沙拉酱中检测到了EC或3-MCPD。该法准确、快速,适用于调味品中EC、3-MCPD和2-MCPD的同时检测。     

新型含氯、溴的硅酸酯阻燃剂的合成及性能研究

以三溴苯基环氧丙基醚、四氯化硅及1,3-二氯丙醇为主要原料合成新型含硅、氯、溴三元素的协同高效阻燃剂硅酸三(二氯丙基)三溴苯氧基氯丙基酯。探讨了反应温度、时间及投料比对产率的影响,合适的工艺条件为:三溴苯基环氧丙基醚、四氯化硅及1,3-二氯丙醇的摩尔比为1∶1∶3.5,100℃反应5h,产率达98.0%。用FT-IR、1H NMR表征了产物的结构,并用极限氧指数方法测试了产物的阻燃性能等。     

分散固相萃取法对鸡精中3-氯-1,2-氯丙醇的测定

氯丙醇(chloropropanols,CPDs)是丙三醇结构上的羟基被氯原子取代的一类化合物,包括3-氯-1,2-氯丙醇(3-MCPE))、2-氯-1,2-氯丙醇(2-MCPD)、1,3-二氯-2-丙醇(1,3-DCP).食品添加剂和污染物联合专家委员会对CPDs进行了评价,发现3-MCPD危害广泛,可损害人体的肝、肾、神经系统等器官[1],因此制定3-MCPD的暂定每日最大耐受量(TDI)为2μg/kg.     

A Novel Derivatization Method Coupled with GC–MS for the Simultaneous Determination of Chloropropanols

A sensitive and rapid derivatization method for the simultaneous determination of chloropropanols [1,3-dichloropropan-2-ol (1,3-DCP), 2,3-dichloropropan-1-ol (2,3-DCP) and 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD)] has been developed. The three chloropropanols were silylated with 1-trimethylsilylimidazole and then determined by GC–MS. n-Undecane was used as the internal standard. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.20, 0.10, 0.14 μg kg^?1 for 1,3-DCP, 2,3-DCP and 3-MCPD, respectively. The three compounds behaved >0.999 of linearity and satisfactory precision with the relative standard deviation (RSD) <10%. The excellent validation data suggested that this method was more effective than heptafluorobutyrylimidazole derivatization, and 1-trimethylsilylimidazole was considered as a promising silylating reagent to be widely applied to measurements of chloropropanols in real samples.     

Combined solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry used for determination of chloropropanols in water

A sensitive and rapid derivatization method for the simultaneous determination of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) and 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in water samples has been developed. The aim was to research the optimal conditions of the derivatization process for two selected reagents. A central composite design was used to determine the influence of derivatization time, derivatization temperature and reagent volume. A global desirability function was applied for multi-response optimization. The analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. During the optimization of the extraction procedure, four different types of solid-phase extraction (SPE) columns were tested. It was demonstrated that the Oasis HLB cartridge produced the best recoveries of the target analytes. The pH value and the salinity were investigated using a Doehlert design. The best results for the SPE of both analytes were obtained with 1.5 g of NaCl and pH 6. The proposed method provides high sensitivity, good linearity (R(2)≥0.999) and repeatability (relative standard deviations % between 2.9 and 3.4%). Limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 1.4-11.2 ng/mL and 4.8-34.5 ng/mL, respectively. Recoveries obtained for water samples were ca. 100% for 1,3-DCP and 3-MCPD. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of different samples including commercially bottled water, an influent and effluent sewage.     

A rapid and sensitive GC–MS method for determination of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol in water

A rapid analytical method for sensitive determination of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) in river water has been developed. 1,3-DCP is extracted from water with ethyl acetate. After filtration through sodium sulfate the ethyl acetate phase is analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The method uses 1,3-DCP-d₅ as internal standard. Different extraction solvents, concentrations of ammonium sulfate in the water samples, and the effect of humic acid were tested and their influence on the recovery of DCP has been evaluated. The method quantification limit was 0.1 g L^–1. For spiked water samples (0–5.2 g L^–1, n=21) a repeatability coefficient of variation of 5.4% was obtained. The average recovery rate of 1,3-DCP was 105±3% (n=21). Stability tests, which were carried out with Danube river water, led to an estimated 1,3-DCP degradation rate of 0.008±0.0008 day^–1 at 6°C.     

气相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定鸡肉组织中氯羟吡啶残留量

采用气相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定鸡肉组织中的氯羟吡啶残留,样品经乙腈-水提取,冷冻脱脂后,直接以丙酸酐衍生,采用气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)进行分析,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。结果表明,氯羟吡啶在0.5~40 ng/m L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,方法的定量下限为5.0μg/kg,回收率为101.5%~111.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于7.7%。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,重现性好,可用于鸡肉组织中氯羟吡啶的快速确证检测。     

微波辅助萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱法快速测定纺织品中禁用有机磷阻燃剂

以丙酮为萃取溶剂,采用微波辅助萃取技术对纺织品中禁用有机磷阻燃剂进行萃取,萃取液进行气相色谱/串联质谱测定,从而建立了一种微波萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱分析方法,对纺织品中禁用有机磷阻燃剂进行了测定。6种禁用有机磷阻燃剂三-(1-氮杂环丙烯基)氧化膦(TEPA)、三-(2-氯乙基)磷酸酯(TCEP)、三-(2,3-二氯丙基)磷酸酯(TDCP)、二-(2,3-二溴丙基)磷酸酯(DDBPP)、三-(邻甲苯基)磷酸酯(TOCP)和三-(2,3-二溴丙基)磷酸酯(TRIS)的线性范围分别为9.17~366.80、0.95~75.98、1.04~83.20、41.60~832.00、3.80~75.90、40.48~809.60 ?g/L,在S/N=10的条件下,检出限分别为3.0、0.2、0.3、25.0、2.5、29.0 ?g/kg。方法精密度为3.80~8.79 %,回收率为82.62~96.88 %。气相色谱/串联质谱母离子和子离子一一对应的多反应监测模式有效地去除了基体杂质干扰和假阳性现象。该方法简便快速、灵敏度高,定性准确,可完全满足纺织品中禁用有机磷阻燃剂的检测要求。     

气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱结合QuEChERS测定三七中有机磷农药残留

建立了改良的QuEChERS样品前处理法,结合气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)同时测定三七中18种有机磷农药残留的方法。样品经1%乙酸-乙腈提取,改良QuEChERS技术净化,利用GC-MS/MS采取多反应离子监测模式测定,基质匹配校准曲线外标法定量。18种有机磷农药残留在2.5~120.0μg/kg范围内线性良好,相关系数(R2)大于0.99;检出限为0.4~1.5μg/kg,定量限为0.8~2.5μg/kg。在3个加标水平(2.5,8.0,60.0μg/kg)下平均回收率为70.5%~118.9%,相对标准偏差为1.0%~9.8%。