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Using the cellular automaton traffic flow model, we investigate an unsignalized intersection which consists of two perpendicular one-lane roads. Both the roads cross at a point and the intersecting roads are cyclic. Each vehicle may pass or occupy the intersection where all the vehicles on both roads are not allowed to turn. Different from Ishibashi and Fukui’s studies in which the update is carried out for both roads in turn, the parallel update is proposed and its detailed rules are presented in our model. In this work, the cases of different maximum vehicle velocities on both roads are considered. Based on simulation results and the principle for constructing phase diagrams, phase diagrams are mapped out and their specific flow formulas for all the regions in the phase diagrams are obtained for various vehicle densities, which are seldom done in previous studies. One also finds that the topology of phase diagrams depends on the update rules of eastbound and northbound roads and their maximum velocities of vehicles. 相似文献
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We study the fundamental diagram for traffic flow of vehicular mixture on a multi-lane highway. We present the car-following model of multi-lane traffic in which slow and fast vehicles flow with changing lanes. We investigate the traffic states of the vehicular mixture under the periodic boundary. Two values of the current appear at a density and two current curves are obtained. Vehicles move with changing lanes in the traffic state of high current, while vehicles move without changing lanes in the traffic state of low current. They depend on the density, the fraction of slow vehicles, and the initial condition. In the high-current curve, the jamming transition between the free flow and the jammed state occurs at a low density. The fundamental diagrams (current-density diagrams) are shown for the single-lane, two-lane, three-lane, and four-lane traffics. 相似文献
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在经典单路段元胞自动机交通流模型的基础上,将多个路段视为一个道路系统,提出并研究了多路段条件下的交通流问题.针对多路段道路的特点,通过引入车辆流入规则、路口随机慢化规则和路口车辆流入规则,控制车辆从上一路段流入下一路段.首先提出了"汽车池"的概念,来控制每一路口车辆的流入;然后通过路口随机慢化,来模拟路口对交通的影响;最后,当车辆离开时,依直行率进入下一路段,实现车流的继续流动.同时,通过数值模拟,仿真了不同条件下的交通情况,对重要参数进行了研究.结果表明,出现了混合流这一新的现象,拥堵地段与非拥堵地段间存在明显的界限.拥堵往往最先从路口开始,然后蔓延到整个路段.多路段道路还存在临界突变的特性.随着车辆流入概率的增大,路口对平均速度和车流密度的影响愈加明显.当流入概率超过一定阈值时,车辆缓慢地增加也会引起整体道路通行能力的迅速下降. 相似文献
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In this paper, we investigate the energy dissipation and the satisfaction rate in a mixture of traffic flow in a two-lane cellular automaton model. We considered two kinds of vehicles vary according to their length and maximum speed. We find that slow vehicles hindered fast ones while driving continuously in the same lane, especially in the intermediate density range. Hence, the effect of the initial configuration of slow vehicles is investigated. It is found that in the inhomogeneous initial configuration where the slow start in one lane gives rise to a large number of unsatisfied fast vehicles and a larger frequency of lane changing as well as the dissipation energy increases. 相似文献
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In this paper, phase transitions are investigated in speed gradient model with an on-ramp. Phase diagrams of traffic flow composed of manually driven vehicles and adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles are studied, respectively. The traffic flow composed of ACC vehicles is modeled by enhancing propagation speed of small disturbance. The phase diagram of traffic flow composed of manually driven vehicles is similar to that in previous works, in which such states as pinned localized cluster (PLC), moving localized cluster (MLC), triggered stop-and-go traffic (TSG), oscillatory congested traffic (OCT), and homogeneous congested traffic (HCT) are reproduced. In the phase diagram of traffic flow composed of ACC vehicles, traffic stability is enhanced and such states as PLC, MLC, and TSG disappear. Furthermore, some interesting phenomena, such as stationary OCT upstream of on-ramp and appearance of second OCT in HCT, are identified. 相似文献
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基于Newell跟驰模型,建立考虑车与车互联(vehicle-to-vehicle,V2V)通讯技术的单车道跟驰模型.根据V2V技术的特征,引入参数α以表征驾驶员在收到V2V技术所提供的实时交通信息后的提前反应程度.根据线性稳定分析方法,得到V2V跟驰模型的中性稳定条件.通过计算机的模拟,研究V2V技术对交通流运行的影响,分析小扰动下V2V跟驰模型对参数变化的敏感性,研究不同α取值下交通流密度波及迟滞回环的变化.研究发现:1)与全速度差跟驰模型相比,在引入V2V后,交通流在加速起步、减速刹车及遇到突发事件时,车辆运行的安全性和舒适性均得到不同程度的提升;2)V2V跟驰模型对参数α及T的变化较为敏感,且在交通流较为拥堵时,V2V技术的引入可以提升交通流的平均速度;3)参数α的增大、T的减小可以有效提升V2V跟驰模型在不同交通环境下的运行稳定性.由于可以实时地获取交通流运行的状态并针对性地改变车辆自身的运行,V2V交通流跟驰模型提升了交通流运行的稳定性. 相似文献
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In this paper, the characteristics of synchronized traffic in mixed traffic flow are investigated based on the braking light model. By introducing the energy dissipation and the distribution of slowdown vehicles, the effects of the maximum velocity, the mixing ratio, and the length of vehicles on the synchronized flow are discussed. It is found that the maximum velocity plays a great role in the synchronized flow in mixed traffic. The energy dissipation and the distribution of slowdown vehicles in the synchronized flow region are greatly different from those in free flow and a traffic jamming region. When all of vehicles have the same maximum velocity with V max > 15, the mixed traffic significantly displays synchronized flow, which has been demonstrated by the relation between flow rate and occupancy and estimation of the cross-correlation function. Moreover, the energy dissipation in the synchronized flow region does not increase with occupancy. The distribution of slowdown vehicles shows a changeless platform in the synchronized flow region. This is an interesting phenomenon. It helps to deeply understand the synchronized flow and greatly reduce the energy dissipation of traffic flow. 相似文献
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In this paper, we have studied synchronized flow and phase separations in mixed (heterogeneous) single-lane highway traffic. It is found that the flux–density (occupancy) curve of heterogeneous flow, as expected, lies in between two flux–density (occupancy) curves of homogeneous flow R=0 (all vehicles are slow vehicles) and R=1 (all vehicles are fast vehicles). However, unexpectedly, the velocity–density (occupancy) curve of heterogeneous flow does not. We also found that cross-correlation function (CCF) analysis shows that heterogeneous flow has almost the same strong coupling as homogeneous flow. In other words, when traffic is in free flow or jams, the value of CCF is approximate to be 1.0, while the value is about 0.1 in synchronized flow. 相似文献
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Kazuhito Komada 《Physica A》2009,388(24):4979-4990
We study the traffic states and jams occurring in traffic flow on a two-lane toll highway with electronic and manual (traditional) tollgates. The electronic and manual collection vehicles sort themselves into their respective lanes at low density, while they mix at each tollgate at high density. We derive the fundamental diagrams (flow-density diagrams) for the electronic and manual collection vehicles. The traffic states change with increasing density and varying the ratio. Dynamical phase transitions occur. It is shown that the fundamental diagrams for the two tollgates depend greatly on the density and fraction of both vehicles. 相似文献
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在Nagel-Schreckenberg(NS)模型的基础上,提出一种可应用智能交通系统(ITS)信息的新的交通流元胞自动机模型. 其中考虑了有效间距及刹车灯的作用,并引入了可变安全间距的新概念. 数值模拟表明:对于这种改进的ITS元胞自动机模型,道路交通量有了显著提高,体现了智能交通的优越性——有效地扩大交通流量,减少阻塞生成. 当考虑快车和慢车的混合交通流时,发现即使少量的慢车也会导致交通流量大幅度下降,说明了严格实施快慢道行驶的必要性.
关键词:
交通流
智能交通系统(ITS)
元胞自动机模型
刹车灯
可变安全间距 相似文献
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在交通流NS模型的基础上,考虑混合车辆之间存在的速度差异,不同车辆的驾驶员在对前车的敏感驾驶随机减速行为过程中其延迟概率是不同的,从而提出了一维多速混合车辆敏感驾驶元胞自动机交通流模型. 通过计算机数值模拟得到了混合车辆在不同参数下的 基本图.结果表明,与NS模型、SDNS模型相比,道路交通流量有较大的提高,而且还展现出 了亚稳态、相分离等复杂的实际交通行为现象.结合实际情况,对混合交通的特性进行了分析和讨论.
关键词:
元胞自动机
混合交通流模型
亚稳态
相分离
计算机模 拟 相似文献
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Analysis of the influence of occupation rate of public transit vehicles on mixing traffic flow in a two-lane system
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Based on the existing classical cellular automaton model of traffic
flow, a cellular automaton traffic model with
different-maximum-speed vehicles mixed on a single lane is proposed,
in which public transit and harbour-shaped bus stops are
taken into consideration. Parameters such as length of cellular
automaton, operation speed and random slow mechanism are
re-demarcated. A harbour-shaped bus stop is set up and the vehicle changing
lane regulation is changed. Through computer simulation, the
influence of occupation rate of public transit vehicles on mixed
traffic flow and traffic capacity is analysed. The results show that
a public transport system can ease urban traffic congestion
but creates new jams at the same time, and that the influence of
occupation rate of public transit vehicles on traffic capacity is
considerable. To develop urban traffic, attention should be paid
to the occupation rate of public transit vehicles and traffic
development in a haphazard way should be strictly avoided. 相似文献
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When implementing cellular automata (CA) into a traffic simulation, one common defect yet to be rectified is the abrupt deceleration when vehicles encounter stationary obstacles or traffic jams. To be more in line with real world vehicular movement, this paper proposes a piecewise-linear movement to replace the conventional particle-hopping movement adopted in most previous CA models. Upon this adjustment and coupled with refined cell system, a new CA model is developed using the rationale of Forbes’ et al. car-following concept. The proposed CA model is validated on a two-lane freeway mainline context. It shows that this model can fix the unrealistic deceleration behaviors, and thus can reflect genuine driver behavior in the real world. The model is also capable of revealing Kerner’s three-phase traffic patterns and phase transitions among them. Furthermore, the proposed CA model is applied to simulate a highway work zone wherein traffic efficiency (maximum flow rates) and safety (speed deviations) impacted by various control schemes are tested. 相似文献