有旋和无旋气固两相湍流的不同结构

了解有旋和无旋突扩气粒两相详细湍流结构对控制燃料-空气混合、火焰稳定以及燃烧污染物生成很重要.周力行等曾经对其中的两相时平均流场和湍流特性进行过雷诺平均的RANS模拟和测量的研究,但是BANS模拟不能给出详细的两相湍流的瞬态结构.本文建立了二阶矩两相亚网格尺度应力模型,对有旋和无旋同轴突扩气粒两相流动进行了双流体大涡模...     

稠密气固流动二阶矩摩擦应力模型和模拟

基于统一二阶矩两相湍流应力模型和稠密颗粒动力学理论,建立了欧拉-欧拉双流体二阶矩颗粒摩擦应力模型。模型充分反映各向异性的气固两相相间雷诺应力相互作用,并引入有效颗粒弹性恢复系数,考虑了因颗粒表面不光滑产生的摩擦力对湍流流动结构和颗粒弥散特性的影响,对于下降管的计算结果与实验吻合较好。因颗粒摩擦产生能量耗散降低了颗粒温度和导致颗粒雷诺应力再分布。在入口和出口区域因颗粒碰撞频率较高而产生的能量耗散对流动结构影响明显。     

用视密度加权平均二阶矩模型模拟旋流两相流动

本文用视密度加权平均代替时平均,建立了视密度加权平均的统一二阶矩两相湍流模型方程组（ＭＵＳＭ）,其中用体积分数代替了数密度,用颗粒驰豫时间作为封闭两相脉动速度关联方程耗散项的时间尺度,并引入了颗粒视在的气体速度脉动的输运方程。用ＭＵＳＭ模型模拟了旋流数为０．４７的气粒两相流动。并和实验结果及时间平均的ＵＳＭ模型的模拟结果进行了对照,两种模型均能较好地预报的两相的轴向和切向速度,轴向和切向脉动速度。此外,ＭＵＳＭ模型可以减少所用方程数,节省计算量。因此视密度加权平均的统一二阶矩两相湍流模型是一种对时间平均的统一二阶矩模型的改进,今后可以进一步扩大应用。     

气泡-液体多股射流二阶矩两相湍流模型的模拟

本文采用二阶矩两相湍流模型模拟了气泡－液体闭式多股射流。研究结果显示出预报的两相速度、雷诺应力和气泡体积分数分布的合理性，以及在速度较高和剪切较强的情况下，气泡湍流脉动仍然大于液体湍流脉动，气泡增强液体湍流，气液两相湍流脉动均存在各向异性，而且气泡脉动的各向异性比液体脉动的大等规律。     

两相流气相湍流双时间尺度耗散模型

本文提出了两相流气相湍流变动的双时间尺度耗散模型,包括气相耗散率的双时间尺度耗散模型和两相速度关联的双时间尺度各向异性耗散模型。用所提出封闭模型模拟了旋流数为0.47的气粒两相流动,发现所提出的湍流变动模型对气相脉动速度的预报结果比原有的单时间尺度模型的预报结果有明显的改进,但是颗粒尾涡的作用仍然需要进一步研究。     

两相湍流色噪声扩维法PDF模型及数值模拟

由颗粒运动的朗之万方程出发,对流体脉动速度采用扩维方法,得到两个不同层次的PDF输运方程.通过对颗粒运动方程求解和高斯分布假设,解决PDF方程的封闭问题,获得颗粒二阶矩模型,然后将颗粒应力方程简化成代数方程,建立代数应力模型.将对流扩散方程的有限分析法运用到求解两相流模型中,对壁面两相射流进行数值模拟,对比分析数值结果与实验结果.     

旋流和无旋突扩流动的LES和RANS模拟

本文用smagorinsky-Lilly亚网格尺度湍流模型对旋流突扩流动(s=0.53)和无旋突扩流动(s=0)进行了大涡模拟(LES模拟),同时分别用压力应变项为IPCM和IPCM+Wall模型的雷诺应力方程模型进行了RANS模拟,和LES的统计结果对比。LES的统计结果与雷诺应力模型的模拟结果及实验对照表明,LES结果与实验结果的吻合比雷诺应力模型的好,说明所用的亚网格尺度湍流模型对旋流流动是适用的,LES结果是可信的。LES的瞬态结果揭示出在旋流作用下,流场中存在复杂的旋涡脱落现象。大涡结构极易破碎成小涡,而在无旋突扩流动的情况下,由于剪切的作用更强,大涡结构的尺寸和范围比旋流流动的要大。     

Investigation of turbulence models for computation of swirling flows

Different turbulence models were studied in application to calculation of swirling flows. The differential models of turbulent viscosity considering streamline curvature and the method of detached eddy simulation were used. Weakly and strongly swirling flows were considered at the example of concentrated vortex in a tube, swirling flow in a diffuser, and vortex breakdown through an abrupt expansion. The RANS models with correction to flow swirling represented well the experimental data for the weakly swirling flows. In case of strongly swirling flows, it was more correct to use the method of detached eddy simulation.     

Proposed stochastic parameterisations of subgrid turbulence in large eddy simulations of turbulent channel flow

Stochastic and deterministic subgrid parameterisations are developed for the large eddy simulation (LES) of a turbulent channel flow with friction-velocity-based Reynolds number of Re_τ = 950 and centreline-based Reynolds number of Re₀ = 20,580. The subgrid model coefficients (eddy viscosities) are determined from the statistics of truncated reference direct numerical simulations (DNSs). The stochastic subgrid model consists of a mean-field shift, a drain eddy viscosity acting on the resolved field and a stochastic backscatter force of variance proportional to the backscatter eddy viscosity. The deterministic variant consists of a net eddy viscosity acting on the resolved field, which represents the net effect of the drain and backscatter. LES adopting the stochastic and deterministic models is shown to reproduce the time-averaged kinetic energy spectra of the DNS within the resolved scales.     

双大涡模拟方法模拟提升管内气固两相流动

基于Smagorinsky涡黏模型以及颗粒动理学理论,建立了气固两相流双大涡模拟模型。考虑大涡模拟中过滤尺度的影响,给出颗粒相亚格子压力和热传导系数计算模型。考虑颗粒聚团对两相作用的影响,给出了考虑颗粒聚团作用的气固两相多尺度曳力系数模型。数值模拟了提升管内气固两相流动特性,合理地预测出了提升管内气固两相环-核流动结构。模拟结果与Knowlton等实测结果相吻合。     

Formation of zones of an inverse energy cascade in an axisymmetric jet

The results of investigation into the mechanism of formation of an inverse turbulence energy cascade in an axially symmetric submerged jet based on numerical modeling by the large eddy simulation. The flow structure is calculated using two models of subgrid turbulence in a broad range of Reynolds numbers with the imposed external harmonic low-amplitude perturbation and swirling. Calculations showed that upon imposing swirling, the effect of formation of the inverse cascade is suppressed, while upon imposing the external low-amplitude harmonic perturbations corresponding to the frequency of highest perceptivity, it is enhanced. We can assume that the regions with the inverse turbulence energy flow are formed there where the dynamics of large quasi-2D structures is determined by the mechanisms of combining eddies and involvement processes, while the tension mechanism of vortex tubes is suppressed. It is shown that the balance of these mechanisms can be controlled by means of imposition of low-amplitude harmonic perturbations.     

新型大涡数值模拟亚格子模型及应用

基于湍流大小尺度间动量输运的结构函数方程，提出了一种新的湍流大涡模型(LES)亚格子涡粘模式．新亚格子涡粘系数正比于纵向速度增量的扭率，它表征大小尺度湍流间的能量输运和耗散之比．新模式通过各向同性湍流直接数值模拟数据库的检验，并用于槽道湍流的大涡模拟计算，将所得结果与DNS结果进行了比较．     

Rotation effect on near-wall turbulence statistics and flow structures

Turbulent flow in an axially rotating pipe, involving complicated physical mecha- nism of turbulence, is a typical problem for the study of rotating turbulent flow. The pipe rotation induces two effects on the flow. One is the stabilizing effect due to the centrifu- gal and Coriolis forces, which accounts for the relaminarization of the turbulence[1—3] and the reduction of the friction coefficient at the pipe wall. The behavior is also related to the wall streaks inclining to the azimuthal di…     

各向同性紊流能量衰减的大涡模拟

在多重网格驱动的,高效且得到充分验证的有限体积方法的基础上发展了可压缩流大涡模拟的方法.空间离散采用Jameson的中心格式附加二阶和四阶耗散的方法,时间推进则采用了双时间步长的方法.亚格子剪切应力张量和亚格子热通量用Smagorinsky模型进行模拟.通过对各向同性紊流能量衰减的模拟来验证本方法的准确性和高效性,模拟得到的能量谱和紊流动能衰减历程与过滤后的CBC实验数据吻合良好.     

壁面在展向作周期运动的槽道湍流的大涡模拟

分别采用3种亚格子模式:传统的Smagorinsky模式、动力Smagorinsky模式和Cui(2004)基于Kolmogorov方程所提出的新模式,对壁面在展向作周期运动的槽道湍流进行了大涡模拟,以考察这3种模式对平均运动为三维、非定常的湍流流动的模拟能力.通过对湍流基本统计量的分析,发现动力模式和新模式都可以较好地预测这种三维非定常的湍流流动;对相位平均的湍流统计量,动力模式的结果略优于新模式;传统的Smagorinsky模式对这种流动的预测结果是最差的.     

A velocity-estimation subgrid model constrained by subgrid scale dissipation

Purely dissipative eddy-viscosity subgrid models have proven very successful in large-eddy simulations (LES) at moderate resolution. Simulations at coarse resolutions where the underlying assumption of small-scale universality is not valid, warrant more advanced models. However, non-eddy viscosity models are often unstable due to the lack of sufficient dissipation. This paper proposes a simple modeling approach which incorporates the dissipative nature of existing eddy viscosity models into more physically appealing non-eddy viscosity SGS models. The key idea is to impose the SGS dissipation of the eddy viscosity model as a constraint on the non-eddy viscosity model when determining the coefficients in the non-eddy viscosity model. We propose a new subgrid scale model (RSEM), which is based on estimation of the unresolved velocity field. RSEM is developed in physical space and does not require the use of finer grids to estimate the subgrid velocity field. The model coefficient is determined such that total SGS dissipation matches that from a target SGS model in the mean or least-squares sense. The dynamic Smagorinsky model is used to provide the target dissipation. Results are shown for LES of decaying isotropic turbulence and turbulent channel flow. For isotropic turbulence, RSEM displays some level of backward dissipation, while yielding as good results as the dynamic Smagorinsky model. For channel flow, the results from RSEM are better than those from the dynamic Smagorinsky model for both statistics and instantaneous flow structures.     

DSM-LPDF两相湍流模型及旋流两相流动的模拟

本文由流体－颗粒速度的拉氏联合概率密度函数（ＰＤＦ）输运方程出发,用Ｓｉｍｏｎｉｎ建议的Ｌａｎｇｅｖｉｎ模型封闭颗粒所遇到流体瞬时速度的条件期望项,并用Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ方法直接求解 ＰＤＦ输运方程,将其和求解流体雷诺应力方程模型的有限差分方法结合,建立了雷诺应力－拉氏ＰＤＦ（ＤＳＭ－ＬＰＤＦ,简称ＤＬ）两相湍流模型．用此模型模拟了旋流数为０．４７的突扩旋流气粒两相流动,并与文献中ＰＤＰＡ实验和用类似于单相流动湍流模型封闭方法的时平均统一二阶矩（ＵＳＭ）模型的预报进行了对比．     

颗粒增强湍流的新模型和气粒流动的湍流变动

用雷诺应力方程模型和极细的网格系对单个颗粒受湍流气体绕流进行了数值模拟,研究了改变颗粒直径和气体相对速度时颗粒增强气体湍流的规律.据此构造了颗粒尾涡增强气体湍流的新模型.将此子模型加入到两相流动模型中,对竖直和水平通道内气粒两相流动进行了数值模拟,和实验结果的对照表明,考虑颗粒尾涡增强气体湍流效应得到的气体湍流脉动速度的模拟结果比不考虑此效应的模拟结果好得多.     

格子Boltzmann亚格子模型的研究

为了将格子Boltzmann法应用于大雷诺数流动的模拟,本文将Smagorinsky亚格子模型和LBGK模型相结合,并对该亚格子LBM模型进行了研究。利用该亚格子LBM模型,对二维顶盖驱动流进行了模拟,得到了若干大雷诺数下流线图和方腔中心线上无量纲速度分布。计算结果与基准解进行比较,两者相互吻合。