Determination of Benzhexol Hydrochloride by Electrochemiluminescence in the Presence of Sodium Dodeeyl Benzene Sulfonate

在十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)存在下,考察了盐酸苯海索(BH)- Ru(bpy)2+3体系的电化学及其发光行为.结果表明,BH对Ru(bpy)2+3体系的电化学发光具有增敏效应;在SDBS存在下,BH对Ru(bpy)2+3体系电化学发光的增敏效应显著增强,发光强度提高约16倍.据此建立了一种高效、简便的BH电化学发光新方法.在最佳实验条件下,BH的浓度在4.0×10-7～1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内与相对发光强度呈线性关系(r=0.995 5),检出限(S/N=3)为1.11×10-9 mol/L;连续平行测定1.0×10-5 mol/L BH溶液10次,发光强度的RSD为3.29％.样品的回收率为96％～108％,RSD为4.3％.该方法样品前处理简单,具有较高的选择性和灵敏度,用于实际样品中BH的测定,结果满意.     

十二烷基磺酸钠-盐酸维拉帕米-联吡啶钌体系电化学发光及其应用

在十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)中,考察了盐酸维拉帕米-Ru(bpy)32+体系在金电极上的电化学及其发光行为。结果表明:SDS对体系的电化学反应和电化学发光强度具有显著的增敏作用。据此,建立了一种高效、简便的测定盐酸维拉帕米的电化学发光新方法。在最佳实验条件下,盐酸维拉帕米浓度在1.0×10-4～1.0×10-7mol/L范围内与相对发光强度呈线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为5.2×10-10 mol/L,连续平行测定1.0×10-5 mol/L盐酸维拉帕米5次,发光强度的RSD为3.1%。对样品进行回收实验,回收率在98.7%～106.5%之间,RSD为3.0%(n=5)。本方法具有较高的选择性和灵敏度,样品处理简单,用于实际样品的测定,结果满意。     

固定丝素蛋白膜中的联吡啶钌电化学发光行为的研究与应用

基于苯海拉明对联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)2+3)的电化学发光的增敏作用和丝素蛋白-联吡啶钌复合膜修饰玻碳电极稳定好的特点,建立了一种以丝素蛋白多孔膜-联吡啶钌复合物修饰的玻碳电极电化学发光检测苯海拉明的新方法.结果表明,该修饰电极具有很好的电化学活性和电化学发光(ECL)响应.在最佳实验条件下,苯海拉明浓度在1.0×10-4～1.0×10-7 mol/L范围内与其相对发光强度呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9989); 检出限为2.3×10-7 mol/L(S/N=3).连续平行测定3.78×10-5 mol/L苯海拉明5次,发光强度的RSD为1.76%. 用于实际样品中苯海拉明的测定,结果满意.     

基于新型共反应物的流动注射电化学发光分析方法研究

为提高钌联吡啶电化学发光强度,对比研究了低浓度Ru(bpy)23+与N-丁基二乙醇胺、N,N-二丁基乙醇胺和三丙胺三种常用胺类共反应物的电化学发光响应情况,结果表明Ru(bpy)23+/N-丁基二乙醇胺体系的电化学发光特性最佳。实验对该体系在流动注射电化学发光分析系统中的检测条件进行了优化。在电位1.8V,进样量150μL,推速30μL/s的最优检测条件下,获得Ru(bpy)23+的检出限(S/N=3)为5.0×10-10 mol/L。方法线性范围为1.0×10-9～5.0×10-7 mol/L;重复性良好,相对标准偏差(RSD)<5%。     

卤素离子-富马酸酮替芬-联吡啶钌体系电化学发光的研究及应用

在卤素离子存在下,考察了富马酸酮替芬-Ru(bpy)32+体系在金电极上的电化学及其发光行为。结果表明:Br-对富马酸酮替芬-Ru(bpy)32+体系在金电极上发光行为具有显著的促进和增敏作用。据此,建立了一种高效、简便的富马酸酮替芬检测的新方法。在最佳实验条件下,富马酸酮替芬在1.0×10-4～1.0×10-7mol/L浓度范围内与相对发光强度呈线性关系,回归方程为I(counts)=1.73×108c+188.15(R2=0.9989),检出限(S/N=3)为4.29×10-8mol/L,连续平行测定富马酸酮替芬溶液(1×10-5mol/L)6次,发光强度的RSD为4.7%。回收率在99.5%～105.0%之间,RSD为2.3%(n=5)。该方法用于实际样品的测定,结果满意。     

Nano-Au/Silica sol/PVP修饰金电极上电化学发光测定盐酸硫必利

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Nano-Au/Silica sol/PVP修饰金电极,并基于盐酸硫必利对联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)2+3)在该修饰电极上弱电化学发光具有较强的增敏作用,建立了电化学发光检测盐酸硫必利的新方法。在最佳实验条件下,盐酸硫必利浓度在1.0×10-7~1.0×0-4 mol/L范围内与相对发光强度呈线性关系(r2=0.9978),检出限(S/N=3)为6.7×10-10 mol/L。连续平行测定1.0×10-5 mol/L盐酸硫必利溶液10次,发光强度的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.78%。对样品进行回收率试验,其回收率在97.7%~103.9%之间,RSD为2.62%。该方法具有较高的选择性和灵敏度,样品处理简单快速,用于盐酸硫必利的测定,结果满意。     

多壁碳纳米管/壳聚糖-联吡啶钌复合物修饰的石墨电极上电化学发光行为的研究及分析应用

基于盐酸曲马多对联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)32+)的电化学发光信号有较强的增敏作用, 建立了一种多壁碳纳米管/壳聚糖-联吡啶钌复合物修饰的石墨电极上电化学发光检测盐酸曲马多的电化学发光新方法. 通过循环伏安扫描结果表明, 多壁碳纳米管表现出极好的电分析活性, 对联吡啶钌具有较好的电催化作用, 并可应用于盐酸曲马多药物的测定. 在最佳实验条件下, 测定曲马多浓度在6.0×10-4～5.0×10-6 mol/L与相对发光强度成线性关系(r=09982), 检出限(S/N=3)为2.0×10-6 mol/L. 连续平行测定曲马多溶液(5.0×11-5 mol/L) 8次, 发光强度的RSD为3.1%.     

Nafion-碳纳米管修饰电极电化学发光分析法测定卡马西平

建立了一种利用修饰电极检测卡马西平含量的电化学发光新方法。首先通过滴涂与离子交换法制备了Nafion-碳纳米管(CNTs)/Ru(bpy)_3~(2+)玻碳修饰电极,并利用循环伏安法与电化学发光信号-电势图谱对其进行了初步表征,同时初步探讨了该方法检测卡马西平含量的可能原理;再基于中性介质中,少量卡马西平能显著增敏Ru(bpy)_3~(2+)的电化学发光信号,利用增敏的电化学发光强度对卡马西平进行分析检测。在优化的实验条件下,卡马西平浓度在3.0×10~(-9)～1.0×10~(-7) mol/L浓度范围内与增敏的电化学发光信号呈现良好的线性相关,检出限与相对标准偏差分别为1.5×10~(-9) mol/L及1.9%(c=1.0×10~(-8) mol/L,n=11)。应用该方法测定片剂卡马西平含量,平均回收率为102.3%,结果较为满意,有望应用于临床检验中卡马西平含量的准确分析。     

多壁纳米碳管/二氧化硅复合膜中的联吡啶钌电化学发光法测定氧氟沙星的研究与应用

基于氧氟沙星对联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)_3~(2+))电化学发光的增敏作用,建立了一种以多壁纳米碳管(MWCNTs)/二氧化硅-联吡啶钌复合物修饰的玻碳电极电化学发光检测氧氟沙星的新方法.利用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)固定化稳定的优点和纳米碳管的电催化作用,提高了传感器的电流响应.在最佳实验条件下,氧氟沙星浓度在4.0×10~(-6) ～1.0×10~(-4) mol/L范围内与相对发光强度呈线性关系(r~2=0.994 8),检出限(S/N=3)为2.0×10~(-6) mol/L.连续平行测定2.4×10~(-5) mol/L的氧氟沙星溶液 5次,发光强度的RSD为1.8%.     

Ru(bpy)_3~(2+)体系电化学发光法测定盐酸左氧氟沙星

基于盐酸左氧氟沙星对联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)2+3)的电化学发光信号有较强的增敏作用,建立了一种检测盐酸左氧氟沙星的电化学发光分析新方法。结果表明,在0.1mol/L NaHPO4-KH2PO4介质中,以恒电位电解,Ru(bpy)2+3的浓度为1.0×10-5g/mL时,盐酸左氧氟沙星对Ru(bpy)2+3电化学发光信号的增敏效果最好。在此条件下,测定盐酸左氧氟沙星的线性范围为6~400×10-9g/mL,检出限为5.0×10-9g/mL,对8.0×10-9 g/mL盐酸左氟沙星平行测次11次,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.9%。该方法已应用于人体尿样中盐酸左氧氟沙星的测定,并且用此方法对盐酸左氧氟沙星的国产及进口片剂进行了体外溶出度的测定。     

Electrochemiluminescence of SDBS‐Ru(bpy)32+‐CPM System and Its Application

When the concentration of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt (SDBS) is 0.7 mmol·L^?1, the electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensity of Ru(bpy)₃²⁺‐chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) system at the Au electrode were studied. The results showed that compared with the absence of SDBS, enhancement of the ECL intensity was 14‐fold at Au electrode. Base on this, an ECL method was established for efficient and simple determination of CPM at Au electrode. Under the optimum experimental condition, the enhanced ECL intensities had good linear relationship with the concentration of CPM in the range of 1.0×10^?4–1.0×10^?7 mol·L^?1, and a linear regression equation was obtained as follows: I (counts)=48.805×10⁶c+394.03 (r=0.9975), the detection limit for CPM was 1.4×10^?8 mol·L^?1. The RSD for 5 times determinations of 1.0×10^?5 mol·L^?1 CPM was 3.2%. The results of recovery test were between 96.3%–102.5%, and the RSD of recovery test (n=5) was 2.7%. In addition, eleven kinds of tertiary amines‐Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ systems were investigated in the absence and presence of SDBS. The results showed that the enhancement of SDBS on ECL intensity of tertiary amines‐Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ systems was universal.     

基于Ru(bpy)32+/AuNPs/Nafion电化学发光传感器检测已烯雌酚

利用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸制得金纳米粒子(AuNPs),基于AuNPs/Nafion与Ru(bpy)32+之间的静电引力,制备了Ru (bpy) 32+/AuNPs/Nafion电化学发光传感器.采用循环伏安法和电化学发光法对该传感器进行了表征,结果表明该传感器具有良好的稳定性和重现性,可实现对已烯雌酚的检测.在pH=7.0的0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS,含0.05 mol/L三正丙胺)中,当已烯雌酚与修饰电极作用15 min时,电化学发光强度减少值与已烯雌酚浓度的负对数在1.0×10-10～5.0×10-7 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为6.0 X 10-11 mol/L.对1.0×10-8 mol/L已烯雌酚平行测定11次,相对标准偏差为2.7％.测定已烯雌酚实际样品的加标回收率在98.0％～104.5％之间.     

Ultrasensitive Eletrogenerated Chemiluminescence Immunoassay by Magnetic Nanobead Amplification

An ultrasensitive electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay was proposed by using magnetic nanobeads (MNBs) as the carrier of ECL labels for ECL emission amplification. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and MNBs were initially immobilized on a platform in 1 : 1 molar ratio via sandwich immunoreaction. Subsequently, the MNBs were released from the platform and labeled with Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ species. After the MNBs with Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ were immobilized on an Au electrode, ECL of the Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ was measured for CEA determination. A linear relation between the ECL intensity and CEA concentration was obtained in a range of 1×10^?14 to 3×10^?13 mol/L (2.0 to 60 pg/mL) with a limit of detection of 8.0×10^?15 mol/L (1.6 pg/mL).     

Silica sol/Nano-Au/PVP修饰金电极电致化学发光测定槐定碱

基于槐定碱对联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)2+3)在电致化学发光中的增敏机理,通过传感器修饰技术,将Silica sol/Nano-Au/PVP修饰到金电极表面,建立了简单、快捷测定槐定碱的新方法。实验表明,最佳实验条件下,在1.6×10-7~1.6×10-4mol/L范围内,槐定碱的浓度与其对应的电化学发光强度值呈良好的线性关系,I=4.000×107c+262.2,r2=0.994 5,检出限(S/N=3)为3.5×10-9mol/L。连续平行测定浓度为1.6×10-5mol/L的槐定碱溶液6次,其相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.9%。该方法具有较高的选择性和灵敏度,样品处理简单快速,用于槐定碱的测定,结果满意。     

金纳米球/氮掺杂石墨烯量子点固载Ru(bpy)3^2+电致化学发光法检测邻苯二酚

利用还原法制得金纳米球(Au NPs),与氮掺杂石墨烯量子点(NG QDs)杂化后,再以壳聚糖胶黏剂并通过静电作用使Ru(bpy)3^2+负载于其表面形成复合膜,制备了一种新型的固相电致化学发光(ECL)传感器。研究发现,与单一材料相比,Au NPs和NG QDs杂化复合材料作为载体显著提高了发光试剂Ru(bpy)3^2+的ECL信号。根据环境污染物邻苯二酚对该修饰电极ECL信号较强的阻抑作用,建立了测定领苯二酚的新体系。结果表明,Au NPs/NG QDs/Ru(bpy)3^2+修饰电极的ECL信号变化值与邻苯二酚的浓度负对数在5.0 nmol/L^10μmol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,检出限为3.0 nmol/L(r=0.9992)。对5.0μmol/L的邻苯二酚进行10次重复测定,相对标准偏差为4.6%,常见的共存物质不干扰测定,表明该方法的选择性较好。采用该修饰电极成功测定了河水中的邻苯二酚含量。     

非离子表面活性剂对流动注射电化学发光的增敏作用

研究了非离子表面活性剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(Triton X-100)对流动注射电化学发光的影响。结果发现,Triton X-100对检测低浓度三联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)23+)有增强作用,而且Triton X-100的引入可以改变流动注射电化学发光分析系统中Ru(bpy)23+-三正丙胺(TPA)反应电极电位。在检测电位1.35V,进样量100μL,进样速度50μL/s条件下,对Ru(bpy)23+进行检测,检出限(S/N=3)达1.0×10-10 mol/L,较添加Triton X-100前灵敏度提高50倍。     

磺基水杨酸修饰电极联吡啶钌电化学发光体系测定可待因的研究

基于磷酸可待因对联吡啶钌在该电极上的电化学及其发光行为的增敏作用,建立了一种直接测定磷酸可待因的电化学发光新方法。在最佳实验条件下,磷酸可待因在1.0×10-4～4.0×10-6mol/L和4.0×10-6～2.0×10-7mol/L与相对发光强度呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-7mol/L(S/N=3)。连续测定4.0×10-7mol/l磷酸可待因5次,发光强度的RSD为2.7%。方法用于模拟尿样中磷酸可待因的测定,结果满意。     

十二烷基磺酸钠-盐酸维拉帕米-联吡啶钌体系电化学发光及其应用

在十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)中,考察了盐酸维拉帕米-Ru(bpy)3(2+)体系在金电极上的电化学及其发光行为.结果表明:SDS对体系的电化学反应和电化学发光强度具有显著的增敏作用.据此,建立了一种高效、简便的测定盐酸维拉帕米的电化学发光新方法.在最佳实验条件下,盐酸维拉帕米浓度在1.0×10(-4)～1.0×10(-2...     

Determination of Hg2+ in Tap Water Based on the Electrochemiluminescence of Ru(phen)32+ and Thymine at Bare and Graphene Oxide‐Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes

The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of the Ru(phen)₃²⁺/thymine (T) system at bare and graphene oxide (GO)‐modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes was utilized to determine Hg²⁺ in tap water. The ECL intensity of Ru(phen)₃²⁺ was considerably enhanced by the addition of thymine because of the occurrence of ECL reaction between them. Subsequently, the ECL intensity of Ru(phen)₃²⁺/T system rapidly decreased with the addition of Hg²⁺ because of the formation of a T‐Hg²⁺‐T complex. A linear response (R²=0.9914) was obtained over a Hg²⁺ concentration range of 1.0×10^?9 mol/L to 1.0×10^?5 mol/L with a detection limit of 3.4×10^?10 mol/L at a bare GC electrode in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH=8.0). The detection limit can be further reduced to 4.2×10^?12 mol/L after modification of the GC electrode by GO. To verify its applicability, the proposed method was utilized to determine Hg²⁺ in tap water and simulated wastewater. The method exhibited good reproducibility and stability and thus reveals the possibility of developing a novel ECL detection method for Hg²⁺.     

Determination of Reserpine in Urine by Capillary Electrophoresis with Electrochemiluminescence Detection

A fast and sensitive approach to detect reserpine in urine using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ detection is described. Using a 25 μm i.d. capillary as separation column, the ECL detector was coupled to the capillary in the absence of an electric field decoupler. Field‐amplified injection was used to minimize the effect of ionic strength in the sample and to achieve high sensitivity. In this way, the sample was analyzed directly without any pretreatment. The method was validated for reserpine in the urine over the range of 1×10^?6?1×10^?4 mol/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. The RSD for reserpine at a level of 5 μmol/L was 4.3%. The LOD (S/N=3) was estimated to be 7.0×10^?8 mol/L. The average recoveries for 10 μmol/L reserpine spiked in human urine were 94%.