Diterpenoids ofPulicaria salviifolia. III. The structure of salvicinin

The new diterpene acid salvicinin has been isolated from the epigeal part ofPulicaria salviifolia and its structure has been established as 15-acetoxy-6-hydroxy-trans-cleroda-3,13-dien-19-oic acid. A capacity of salvicinin for undergoing lactonization in the presence of acetic anhydride has been revealed, and the lactone formed has been isolated and chracterized.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Fax (3712) 62 73 48. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 246–249, March–April, 1994.     

Alkaloids ofOxytropis. III. Trichophydine

A new alkaloid, which has been named trichophydine, has been isolated from the epigeal part ofOxytropis trichophysa growing in Mongolia. On the basis of the spectral characteristics of the hydrochloride, the structure of 2-O-benzoyl-2(β)-phenylethylamine, which has been synthesized previously, has been established for trichophydine.     

Berberis alkaloids XXXV. The structure of nummularine

The new N-benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid nummularine has been isolated from the leaves ofBerberis nummularia. On the basis of a study of its spectral characteristics (PMR, IR, and mass spectra), the structure of nummularine has been established as 6-hydroxy-N-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-7-methoxy-1-methyltetrahydroisoquinoline.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 91–93, January–February, 1997.     

Cardenolides ofCoronilla glauca andC. scorpioides

The cardenolide glycosides glucocorotoxigenin, scorpioside, and coronillobioside and a new compound which has been called glucocoroglaucigenin have been isolated from the seeds ofCoronilla glauca L. for the first time. The new glycoside has the structure of 3-(-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-14,19-dihydroxy-5-card-20(22)-enolide. This glycoside has also been isolated from the seeds ofC. scorpioides.Khar'kov Pharmaceutical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 676–679, September–October, 1985.     

Catechins and proanthocyanidins ofAlhagi sparsifolia. I

Ten individual compounds have been isolated from the epigeal part ofAlhagi sparsifolia Shap. in various stages of vegetative growth. Their structures have been established by a study of PMR spectra, physicochemical properties, and the products of chemical transformations: (–)-epicatechin, (–)-epigallocatechin, (–)-epigallocatechin gallate, (+)-catechin, (+)-gallocatechin, proanthocyanidin B-2, (–)-epigallocatechin-(4–8)-(–)-epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate-(4–8)-(–)-epicatechin, proanthocyanidin B-1, and (–)-epicatechin-(4–8)-gallocatechin.The materials of this paper were presented at the Second International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Compounds (SCNC, Eskiehir, Turkey, October 22–24, 1996).Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 232–237, March–April, 1997.     

Steroid saponins and sapogenins ofAllium. XIX. The structure of karatavigenin C

Two new steroid glycosides of the spirostan series — karataviosides E and F — have been isolated from inflorescences ofAllium karataviense Regel. Smith degradation of these compounds has given a steroid sapogenin, karatavigenin C, which is (25S)-spirost-5-ene-2,3,24S-triol. Its structure was established from an analysis of spectral characteristics.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 736–740, November–December, 1983.     

Triterpene saponins fromThalictrum minus. III. The structure of thalicogenin

The periodate oxidation with subsequent alkaline degradation of the products of the oxidation of the predominant saponin isolated fromThalictrum minus has yielded the native genin, which has been called thalicogenin. The structure of thalicogenin as 3,16,22(S),29-tetrahydroxy-9,19-cyclo-20(S)-lanost-24-ene has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and by spectral methods.Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 207–213, March–April, 1984.     

Sesquiterpene lactones ofPyrethrum pyrethroides. II. Pyrethroidin

A new sesquiterpene lactone, pyrethroidin, and a known one — 8-deoxycumambrin B — have been isolated from the epigeal part of the plantPyrethrum pyrethroides. The structure of 4,10-dihydroxy-1,5,7(H),6(H)-guaia-2,11(13)-dien-6,12-olide has been suggested for pyrethroidin.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 199–201, March–April, 1985.     

Alkaloids of Stephania hernandifolia VI. Hernandifoline

Summary A new hasubanan alkaloid with the composition C₂₉H₃₃O₉N, mp 128–129°C₉ from ether), [] _D ²⁰ – 25° (c 2; ethanol) containing an ester group has been isolated from the herbStephania hernandifolia and has been called hernandifoline.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 158–164, March, 1971.     

Carbohydrates ofAllium. IV. Glucofructans ofAllium longicuspis

Water-soluble polysaccharides have been isolated from the bulbs ofAllium longicuspis Rgl. By fractionating the combined water-soluble polysaccharides, homogeneous polysaccharides with molecular weights of 15,500 and 5100 have been isolated. It has been shown by spectral and chemical methods that they consist of glucofructans of a mixed type containing glycosidic bonds of the inulin (2 1) and levan (26) types in a ratio of 2.1:1.Deceased.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 703–707, November–December, 1984.     

Triterpene glycosides ofAstragalus and their genins. XVIII. 3-Dehydrocycloasgenin C fromAstragalus taschkendicus

A new genin — 3-dehydrocycloasgenin C — has been isolated from the roots of the plantAstragalus taschkendicus Bge. (Leguminosae) and its structure has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as 6,16,24, 25-tetrahydroxy-24R-cycloartan-3-one.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 218–223, March–April, 1985.     

Triterpene saponins fromThalictrum minus. IV. The structure of thalicoside A

The predominating saponin, which has been called thalicoside A, has been isolated from low meadow rue (Thalictrum minus). It has been established by chemical and spectral methods that thalicoside A is 3,16,22(S),29-tetrahydroxy-9,19-cyclo-20(S)-lanost-24-ene 3-O--D-galactopyranoside 29-O--D-glucopyranoside.Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 213–219, March–April, 1984.     

Cardenolide glycosides ofCheiranthus allioni. XV. Glucocheiranthoside

Another new cardenolide glycoside has been isolated from the plantCheiranthus allioni Hort., and has been named glucocheiranthoside. Its chemical structure has been established as 3-(4-O--D-glucopyranosyl--D-gulmoethylpyranosyloxy)-14-hydroxy-19-oxo-5,14-card-20(22)-enolide.State Scientific Center for Drugs, Ukraine, 310085, Kharkov, USSR. ul. Astronomicheskaya, 33. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 269–271, March–April, 1994.     

Alkaloids ofNitraria komarovii. IV. Total synthesis of komarovine and komarovidine

Two alkaloids of a new type — komarovine and komarovidine — have been isolated from the epigeal part of theNitraria komarovii. Their structures — 3-(quinolin-8'-yl)--carboline and 3-(quinolin-8'-yl)-5,6-dihydro--carboline, respectively — have been established by synthesis.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 192–195, March–April, 1981.     

Triterpene glycosides ofSilphium perfoliatum. III. Structure of silphioside E

A new triterpene glycoside — silphioside E — has been isolated from the epigeal part ofSilphium perfoliatum L. and its structure has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as oleanolic acid 28-0--D-glycopyranoside 3-0-[0--D-glycopyranosyl-(1 2)--D-glucopyranoside].Pyatigorsk Pharmaceutical Institute. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 750–753, November–December, 1984.     

Triterpene glycosides and their genins fromThalictrum foetidum. IV. Structure of cyclofoetigenin B

A glycoside isolated from the epigeal part ofThalictrum foetidum (Ranunculaceae) has yielded a new genin — cyclofoetigenin B — the structure of which has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as 24S-cycloartane-3,16,24,25,30-pentaol.Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 312–320, May–June, 1986.     

Quinoid pigments of echinodermata VII. Anthraquinones of the starfishHenricia leviuscula

Summary A preliminary study has been made of starfish of the family Echinasteridae for their content of anthraquinone pigments.A sulfated anthraquinone — the Na salt of isorhodoptilometrin 2-sulfate has been isolated from the starfishHenricia leviuscula.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 148–151, March–April, 1979.     

Phytoecdysones ofAjuga turkestanica. III. The structure of turkesterone

Summary From the roots ofAjuga turkestanica (Rg1.) Briq. family Labiatae a new phytoecdysone — turkesterone — has been isolated. It has been shown that it is 1120R-dihydroxyecdysone.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 466–470, July–August, 1975.     

Triterpene glycosides ofAstragalus and their genins. XVII. Cycloasgenin B fromAstragalus tashkendicus

The roots ofAstragalus tashkendicus Bge. have yielded a new triterpenoid — cycloasgenin B – the structure of which has been established on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as (24R)-6,11,16,24,25-pentahydroxycycloartan-3-one.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 732–735, November–December, 1984.     

Mechanism of the grafting of organosilanes on mineral surfaces. IV. Phenylderivatives of sepiolite and poly (organosiloxanes)

Grafting reactions of phenyl groups on silica substrates using as reagents various phenylsilanes with variable distances between the silicon atoms and the aromatic ring by 0, 1, and 2 methylene groups [Si–(CH₂) _n –C₆H₅] were studied. Two different silicates have been selected as source of silica: sepiolite and tetraethyl-orthosilicate (TEOS). Sulfonic- and nitro-derivatives prepared from these phenyl compounds by electrophilic substitution reactions, have been obtained. The mechanism of these processes has been studied in relation to the number of methylene separating groups belonging to the starting reagents. The characterization of such systems has been achieved by XRD,²⁹Si and¹³C NMR/MAS, IR, and laser microprobe mass spectrometry.Parts I, II and III published in this Journal (1978) 256:135–139, (1979) 257:178–181 and (1985) 263:1025–1030