聚乙二醇萃取—络天青S光度法测定原油及润滑油中的铝

以聚乙二醇 -硫酸铵 -铝试剂体系萃取分离干扰离子 ,采用络天青 (CAS) -溴化十六烷基三甲基胺 (CTMAB)为显色体系测定原油中的铝。试验了测定条件及萃取分离干扰离子的条件。测定范围在 0～ 1 0 μg/ 2 5ml,ε64 5nm=4.95× 1 0 4 L· mol-1· cm-1,合成样品回收率为 97.3%～1 0 2 .7% ,原油分析结果的相对标准偏差≤ 2 .6%。该方法灵敏简便 ,整个萃取操作具有安全、无毒、快速的优点。     

乙二胺对铝(Ⅲ)-铝试剂-乙醇显色反应的增敏及其应用

在pH4.0～4.5的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,适量的乙二胺对铝(Ⅲ)-铝试剂-乙醇的显色反应有明显的增敏作用。显色体系的最大吸收波长为545nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.2×10~4L/(mol·cm),铝(Ⅲ)含量在0.5～40μg/(25mL)时服从比尔定律。该显色体系用于测定合成水样中的铝,回收率为96.7％～98.4％,RSD为0.38％～0.43％。     

导数吸光光度法测定铝及铝合金中微量镍

选用5-Br-PADAP作显色剂,乳化剂OP作增溶增敏剂,选择合适的掩蔽剂,溶液在pH为5.5条件下显色后,在日立220A型双光束分光光度计上,选择最佳仪器参数,直接测定其二阶导数光谱。方法不需分离、萃取等繁杂操作,即可测定铝及铝合金中的0.001％～x％镍。     

聚乙二醇-硫酸铵-铝试剂体系中镧、镨、镝的分离研究

研究了在聚乙二醇2000(PEG)-硫酸铵-铝试剂双水相体系中, 铝试剂作萃取剂, 对镧、镨、镝的萃取行为. 实验结果表明, 在pH1～7酸度条件下, La(Ⅲ)完全被PEG相萃取, 而Pr(Ⅲ)几乎不萃取, Dy(Ⅲ)部分被萃取. 在pH5的缓冲溶液中实现了La(Ⅲ)与Pr(Ⅲ)的分离. 通过加入表面活性剂, 测定溶液光谱等方法, 探讨了金属离子在聚乙二醇相中存在形态.     

同时测定重油中铁和锌的正三辛胺萃取-双波长K系数分光光度法

用正三辛胺萃取分离干扰离子，以Ｆｅ２＋（Ｚｎ２＋）－５＿Ｂｒ＿ＰＡＤＡＰ（２－（５－溴－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙基氨基苯酚）－ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ＿１００为显色体系，建立了双波长Ｋ系数法同时测定重油中微量铁、锌的新方法。考查了测定条件及萃取分离条件。线性范围：铁０～４８０μｇ／Ｌ、锌０～４００μｇ／Ｌ，合成样回收率（１００±２）％，重油测定结果的相对标准偏差小于５％。方法简便、准确。     

水中痕量铝离子的浊点萃取-荧光光度法测定

建立了荧光光度法测定水中痕量铝离子的浊点萃取分离富集新体系.在pH 6.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲体系中,水样中的铝与8-羟基喹啉生成疏水性络合物.通过85 ℃水浴加热40 min,8-羟基喹啉-铝络合物被萃取到Triton X-100表面活性剂相并与水相分开.将表面活性剂相用乙醇分散稀释至2.0 mL,在激发波长375 nm和发射波长510 nm下进行荧光测定.测定铝的线性范围为4.0 ～200.0 μg/L,方法的检出限为1.2 μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.5%(n=11).方法用于自来水、矿泉水、河水和湖水中痕量铝的测定,加标回收率为92% ～108%.     

丁基罗丹明B光度测定高纯铝中微量镓

以丁基罗丹明B为显色剂,在还原剂三氯化钛存在下,用乙醚萃取分离三氯化镓,进而测定高纯铝中微量镓。本文进行了显色酸度、丁基罗丹明B和还原剂用量、萃取分离的酸度、干扰离子的影响以及显色稳定性等项条件试验。分析样品时称取高纯铝屑1—2克,以盐酸溶解(加入Cn~(2 )为助溶剂),在6N盐酸介质中,以乙醚萃取三氯化镓,有机相经蒸发后,用甲苯及盐酸浸出,加入丁基罗丹明B和三氯化镓,萃取后进行比色。In<10微克,Sb<9微克,Fe<20微克,Te<4毫克,对镓的测定无影响。此法灵敏度较高,操作手续简单,分析四个样品,四小时即可完成。方法的相对误差为10—20％左右。     

溴化亚锡-二安替比林甲烷萃取分光光度法测定铑

本文对溴化亚锡-二安替比林甲烷-铑的显色体系作了进一步研究确定了显色酸度、试剂用量和温度等最佳显色、萃取条件,探讨了显色机理。与氢溴酸-TBP萃取分离法相结合,提高了方法的选择性和精确度,适用于多种复杂成分试样中铑的测定。     

丁二酮肟分光光度法测定大气颗粒物中的镍

采用硝酸、高氯酸消解大气颗粒物样品,以丁二酮肟显色,正丁醇萃取分离,分光光度法测定大气颗粒物中镍的含量。线性回归方程为A=0.2056c-8.027×10~(-3),相关系数r=0.9994,线性范围为0.01～2.44 mg/L,回收率为96％～105％,RSD为0.2％～1.5％,以3倍信噪比计算,镍的检出限为7.5×10~(-3)mg/L。     

光度法快速测定水泥中的钛

研究了显色剂二安替比林甲烷分光光度法测定钛Ti(IV)的方法.在酸性介质中,二安替比林甲烷与钛发生灵敏显色反应,生成黄色络合物,最大吸收波长为390 nm,摩尔吸光系数为2.9×104 L/(mol·cm),钛含量c在0～35 μg/(25 mL)范围内与吸光度A符合比耳定律,线性回归方程为A=0.03243+0.02388c,溶液中大量共存离子均不干扰测定.该方法不需要萃取、分离步骤,可直接测定水泥中微量钛的含量.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.