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液压膨胀环动态拉伸碎裂的有限元模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
液压冲击膨胀环实验平台能有效地实现韧性金属圆环在高应变率拉伸载荷作用下的动态断(碎)裂。本文采用流固耦合的有限元数值计算方法,模拟了实验过程中金属圆环在高压液体作用下的运动、变形和断裂现象。分析了装置和试件的接触应力对试件碎裂过程的影响并讨论了如何实现液压对试件的有效加载。计算结果表明,实验中的初始接触应力和液体的较长时间加载对试件的碎裂过程没有显著影响;在合理的加载条件下,液压膨胀环实验技术是研究固体动态拉伸碎裂的有效手段。 相似文献
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At various locations in the arterial system, plaques, or small relatively isolated protuberances, can develop on the inner wall of the vessel and project into the lumen. A number of investigators have suggested that the development and growth of these protuberances is related to the flow in the vicinity of the protuberance. In this study, the conditions under which the flow separates from an isolated protuberance located in a cylindrical tube were investigated. The critical Reynolds number at which separation first takes place for a given protuberance was determined. A series of tests was performed for steady flow of a Newtonian fluid through a rigid tube in which protuberances of various sizes were inserted. The results of the tests show the effect of the protuberance height and shape on the separation characteristics. In general, the results indicate that separation takes place at relatively small values of the Reynolds number; values that commonly occur in the arterial system, so that this phenomenon may be important in the study of the “coupling” between blood flow and arterial lesions. 相似文献
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考虑断面收缩率、局域断裂应变以及平均断裂应变,并基于电磁膨胀环、爆炸膨胀环(柱壳)实验平台,研究了高纯无氧铜(TU1)环及柱壳在高应变率载荷下的膨胀断裂行为。采用高速摄影技术拍摄柱壳外壁的膨胀断裂形貌演化过程,用于确定柱壳平均断裂应变;利用激光干涉测速技术获得样品径向膨胀速度历史,用于确定加载应变率;利用样品的全回收测量及微观表征,确定了无氧铜环、柱壳的局域断裂应变及断裂模式。实验表明,随着应变率的增加,TU1材料的平均断裂应变增加,断面的收缩程度加剧,并在应变率约为1.0×104 s-1附近会出现明显的断裂模式转变,断面收缩率出现量级上的跳跃,从100变化至约103,局域断裂应变呈现明显的分区现象。 相似文献
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A combined finite element (FE) simulation and discrete dislocation dynamics (DD) approach has been developed in this paper to investigate the dynamic deformation of single-crystal copper at mesoscale. The DD code yields the plastic strain based on the slip of dislocations and serves as a substitute for the 3D constitutive form used in the usual FE computation, which is implemented into ABAQUS/Standard with a user-defined material subroutine. On the other hand, the FE code computes the displacement and stress field during the dynamic deformation. The loading rate effects on the yield stress and the deformation patterning of single-crystal copper are investigated. With the increasing of strain rate, the yield stress of single-crystal copper increases rapidly. A critical strain rate exists in each single-crystal copper block for the given size and dislocation sources, below which the yield stress is relatively insensitive to the strain rate. The dislocation patterning changes from non-uniform to uniform under high-strain-rate. The shear stresses in the bands are higher than that in the neighboring regions, which are formed shear bands in the crystal. The band width increases with the strain rate, which often take places where the damage occurs. 相似文献
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将具有完备动力学理论的非连续变形分析(DDA)方法应用于块体碰撞研究。基于三维DDA(3D DDA)方法,按时步输出块体碰撞过程速度变化和接触嵌入量,进而得到块体碰撞恢复系数、冲量、冲击力。以此为参考指标,采用斜抛、面-面对心等碰撞模型,验证3D DDA方法模拟块体碰撞的有效性,并将3D DDA方法应用于多米诺骨牌倾倒、滚石边坡成灾及防护等算例分析,探讨了多米诺骨牌倾倒机制、滚石启动及运动行为、滚石灾害防护方案。结果表明:多米诺骨牌间距越大,同一块体被碰撞时间越迟,其最终稳定时间也越迟,与下一块体碰撞的动能越大;滚石运动呈侧向平动及转动三维运动特征,每一次碰撞,均引起动能、轨迹或状态的显著变化;滚石拦挡设施弹簧刚度越大,越先达到最大冲击力,最大冲击力随弹簧刚度的增加而减小;可结合树木阻挡效应,耗散滚石动能,降低滚石飞跃高度,使滚石灾害减轻或控制在防护范围以内。 相似文献