基于平稳小波变换的时域光学相干层析系统

以平衡检测原理为基础,利用中心波长为700 nm的宽带低相干白光光源,在自由空间中搭建了分辨率为0.93 m的基于平稳小波变换（SWT）的时域光学相干层析（TDOCT）系统,并将其应用于塑料薄片与透明胶纸多层薄膜结构的无损评价。针对现有算法重构效果不够理想的问题,通过对OCT成像过程中的图像增强手段的对比,提出利用SWT分解算法处理多层薄膜结构的光学相干层析二维图像。由薄膜检测的实验结果可知,从SWT细节系数中可以提取更显著的多层薄膜界面干涉信号,从而提高多层薄膜界面的增强效果。     

基于证据理论的小波萎缩图像去噪

提出了一种基于D-S证据理论的小波萎缩图像去噪方法。对含噪图像进行离散平稳小波变换后,运用Bayes方法分得各层高频子带的小波萎缩系数,根据小波萎缩系数的空间及层间相关性,利用D-S证据理论的合成法则对初始小波萎缩系数进行融合修正。实验结果表明,该方法在有效地去除图像中的噪声的同时,还能较好地保留图像的边缘信息。算法在性能指标和视觉质量上均优于Donoho的小波软阈值去噪方法、传统的中值滤波法和Winner滤波法。     

基于梯度和小波变换的水下距离选通图像去噪

水体的散射效应、激光光斑、成像器件的非理想化等因素使得图像出现大量无规律粒状噪声,它们增加了水下距离选通图像的背景噪声,模糊了目标轮廓,掩盖了目标细节,降低了图像的信噪比。针对上述问题本文提出了一种基于梯度和小波变换的去噪方法。首先对图像进行余弦小波变换,得到不同频率空间的图像集。低频空间引入新的图像梯度强化方法以提高图像的纹理信息量;对应非均匀性条带的LH或HL空间做曲面拟合处理以消除非均匀性条带的影响;在HH空间去噪过程中,低层空间做非局部均值处理以保留图像相似信息,高层空间做分数阶积分处理以保留图像细节信息。最后小波逆变换得到结果图像。从实验水槽中采集水下图像进行算法验证,将改进方法与已有算法比对分析。实验表明,本文所研究的水下去噪算法,能够平滑噪声且更大限度地保留图像细节纹理,在客观评价指标上提升了6%。     

Speckle correlation fringes denoising using stationary wavelet transform. Application in the wavelet phase evaluation technique

This paper presents a stationary wavelet transform (SWT) method for speckle noise reduction in digital speckle pattern interferometry fringes. The main advantage of SWT is its translation invariance, which makes it important in statistical image processing applications. This method was used to denoise a simulated speckle fringe patterns, a good fidelity value was obtained. Applied to the wavelet phase evaluation, it has provided a phase distribution with a good accuracy.     

融合Retinex和离散小波奇异值分解的远距离目标图像清晰化

针对远距离成像系统获取的低照度降质图像增强问题,提出了一种融合Retinex和离散小波奇异值分解的图像清晰化算法。该方法首先利用自适应全尺度Retinex（adaptive full-scale retinex, AFSR）“粗”提取照度分量和反射分量,然后通过离散小波变换将所提取的图像反射分量分解为4个频率子带并估计出低频子带图像的奇异值矩阵,最后应用逆小波变换“精”重建图像。实验结果表明:所提方法处理后的低照度降质图像视觉增强效果较好,在图像对比度、信息熵、平均梯度和边缘密度等客观评价指标方面优于其他经典算法。     

基于中值滤波和提升小波分析的图像去噪方法研究

针对现有算法大多对单一高斯噪声或脉冲噪声进行图像滤波的问题,在对二维图像平滑去噪的过程中,采用基于中值滤波和提升小波变换相结合的图像去噪方法。在中值滤波基础上,构造基于脉冲检测的中值滤波器,找出混合噪声中脉冲噪声并进行滤波;与此同时,对原始小波进行提升,构造提升小波,然后采用提升小波阈值去噪方法抑制高斯噪声。实验结果表明:采用本文方法,混合噪声得到有效抑制,去噪效果好。     

Super-resolution image restoration algorithm based on orthogonal discrete wavelet transform

By using orthogonal discrete wavelet transform(ODWT)and generalized cross validation(GCV),and combining with Luck-Richardson algorithm based on Poisson-Markovmodel (MPML),several new superresolution image restoration algorithms are proposed.According to simulation experiments for practical images,all the proposed algor ithms could retain image details better than MPML,and be more suitable to low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)images.The single operation wavelet MPML(SW-MPML)algorithm and MPML algorithm based on single operation wavelet transform(MPML-SW)avoid the iterative operation of self-adaptive parameter in MPML particularly,and improve operating speed and precision.They are instantaneous to super-resolution image restoration process and have extensive application foreground.     

Improved wavelet transform algorithm for single image dehazing

Image dehazing to single color image remains a longstanding challenge in image processing. Because of light scattered by the suspended particles in the atmosphere, photographs taken in the foggy day look gray and lack visibility. How to improve the capacity for the clear image's structures and colors. Toward this objective, we explored the improved Wavelet Transform algorithm on image haze removal. Here, we propose a improved algorithm on image haze removal. Our method is to first apply wavelet transform to image dehazing, and then use Retinex (SSR) algorithm to enhance the color performance and to improve the color effect after applying wavelet transform to image dehazing, and finally get the desired haze-removed image. Experimental results show that this algorithm is effective and practical, and the effect is ideal.     

结合小波域变换和空间域变换的图像增强方法

提出了一种结合了小波域和空间域处理方法的图像增强算法. 该算法首先对小波域中的高频系数进行修正,使图像具有更好的局部对比度和更丰富的细节,由于双树复小波变换（Dual-tree Complex Wavelet Transform,DT CWT）具有更好的方向选择性,在小波变换的过程中选用了这一方法;然后,通过空间域中的非线性变换,调整图像的整体对比度. 该算法可根据图像本身的特性实现参数的自动选择. 经过本文方法的处理所得的图像,无论在视觉效果上还是在统计上,都优于前人工作的结果.     

Two image denoising approaches based on wavelet neural network and particle swarm optimization

Two image denoising approaches based on wavelet neural network (WNN) optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) are proposed. The noisy image is filtered by the modified median filtering (MMF).Feature values are extracted based on the MMF and then normalized in order to avoid data scattering. In approach 1, WNN is used to tell those uncorrupted but filtered by MMF and then the pixels are restored to their original values while other pixels will retain. In approach 2, WNN distinguishes the corrupted pixels and then these pixels are replaced by MMF results while other pixels retain. WNN can be seen as a classifier to distinguish the corrupted or uncorrupted pixels from others in both approaches. PSO is adopted to optimize and train the WNN for its low requirements and easy employment. Experiments have shown that in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and subjective image quality, both proposed approaches are superior to traditional median filtering.     

Adaptive image enhancement based on clustering of wavelet coefficients for infrared sea surveillance systems

Most of the techniques developed for infrared (IR) image enhancement (IE) depend heavily on the scene, environmental conditions, and the properties of the imaging system. So, with a set of predefined scenario properties, a content-based IR-IE technique can be developed for better situational awareness. This study proposes an adaptive IR-IE technique based on clustering of wavelet coefficients of an image for sea surveillance systems. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) of an image is computed and feature vectors are constructed from subband images. Clustering operation is applied to group similar feature vectors that belong to different scene components such as target or background. Depending on the feature vectors, a weight is assigned to each cluster and these weights are used to compute gain matrices which are used to multiply wavelet coefficients for the enhancement of the original image. Enhancement results are presented and a comparison of the performance of the proposed algorithm is given through subjective tests with other well known frequency and histogram based enhancement techniques. The proposed algorithm outperforms previous ones in the truthfulness, detail visibility of the target, artificiality, and total quality criteria, while providing an acceptable computational load.     

基于分块DCT变换编码的小波域多幅图像融合算法

提出了一种利用DCT变换和小波变换的特征层图像融合算法.其基本思想是先对多幅源图像进行分块DCT变换,选取较大方差对应的变换系数,将图像压缩为原图像大小的1/4,保留系数的对应坐标作为提取信息时的密钥;其次将经处理后的DCT系数直接作为小波变换的分解系数,经小波逆变换后得到融合信息.实验结果表明,该算法实现了多幅不同大小图像的融合,同时单一密钥只能提取单一图像. 关键词： 图像融合 小波变换 离散余弦变换 编码     

基于小波变换的脑部医学Demons图像配准

非刚性配准是医学图像处理的一个重要研究方向。针对Demons衍生出的一系列经典的配准算法在医学图像应用上计算复杂、方向信息不足问题进行了研究。基于光流场模型的Demons算法依赖图像灰度梯度是图像发生变形,当缺乏梯度信息时,力不能确定,因而容易造成误差,并且该算法仅适合于单模态图像配准。为此本文提出了一种基于小波变换理论的频域Demons配准处理方法(B-Demons)。该方法利用小波变换能够对各个尺度、方向和位置实现较好定位的优势,通过高频、低频的图像变换反映出图像的特征信息。实验结果证明了算法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

基于数字全息与小波变换的图像数字水印技术

提出一种以数字全息和小波变换为基础的数字水印技术,实现在原始图像中嵌入数字全息水印。首先通过傅里叶变换方法将待隐藏的图像制成数字全息水印图,接着将数字全息水印图和原始图像都分为四个子块,并对原始图像子块进行小波分解,最后将数字全息图像子块嵌入到原始图像相应子块较大的小波系数中。实验仿真结果证明了该水印技术对图像剪切和图像有损压缩有较好的稳定性。     

基于小波神经网络的光纤陀螺误差补偿方法

为了提高光纤陀螺的测量精度,提出了一种基于小波神经网络的误差补偿方法。首先使用小波分析中的Mallat分解算法提取出陀螺信号中的主趋势项,对其误差余项进行重构。然后将重构信号作为小波神经网络的目标输出,将原始陀螺信号作为训练样本。为了提高小波神经网络的训练速度同时防止其陷入局部极小值,采用增加动量因子和自适应调整学习速率的方法来改进训练方法。训练后建立的神经网络模型对光纤陀螺误差具有良好的估计能力。结果表明,经过小波神经网络方法补偿后,光纤陀螺的输出精度达到了0. 019 4°/s,光纤陀螺的测量性能得到了提高。     

小波变换在激光诱导击穿光谱压缩中的应用

将小波变换应用于8种燃煤的激光诱导击穿光谱数据的压缩,并通过考察db小波阶数、分解层数和阈值化方法等参数对压缩效果的影响,总结了压缩参数选取的规律,确定了较好的压缩方案。以压缩分数、恢复分数、谱线强度相对误差为衡量准则,比较了压缩前后谱图的差异,评价了压缩的效果。结果表明,在所选的较优方案下,8个煤样其1,2,5通道的谱图恢复分数RS为81%~99.96%,压缩分数CS为79.02%~92.07%,谱线相对误差均在5%之内,重构光谱与原始光谱基本一致,存储量减小。     

结点阈值小波包变换图像去噪新算法

小波包变换是小波变换的推广,可视为普通小波函数的线性组合,具有灵活的时频分析能力,随着分解层数的增加,小波包分解能够在所有的频率范围聚焦。提出一种应用结点阈值小波包变换的新型图像去噪算法。利用小波包变换对含噪图像进行分解,在图像信号的子带层次上进行结点阈值操作,采用软阈值的方法进行阈值处理,结点噪声采用谱熵法估计,并使用峰值信噪比评估去噪后的图像质量。实验结果表明,相比于使用其它阈值方法的小波包图像去噪算法,该算法具有更好的图像去噪性能。     

An approach based on simplified KLT and wavelet transform for enhancing speech degraded by non-stationary wideband noise

It is well known that the non-stationary wideband noise is the most difficult to be removed in speech enhancement. In this paper a novel speech enhancement algorithm based on the dyadic wavelet transform and the simplified Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) is proposed to suppress the non-stationary wideband noise. The noisy speech is decomposed into components by the wavelet space and KLT-based vector space, and the components are processed and reconstructed, respectively, by distinguishing between voiced speech and unvoiced speech. There are no requirements of noise whitening and SNR pre-calculating. In order to evaluate the performance of this algorithm in more detail, a three-dimensional spectral distortion measure is introduced. Experiments and comparison between different speech enhancement systems by means of the distortion measure show that the proposed method has no drawbacks existing in the previous methods and performs better shaping and suppressing of the non-stationary wideband noise for speech enhancement.     

基于分形的小波分析压缩编码

分析了小波及分形在图形压缩编码中的特点 ,构造了Haar小波树 ,提出基于分形的小波域图像压缩编码的算法。实验证明 :该方法在相近的压缩比的情况下 ,使重建图像的PSNR增加 4 1,图像压缩速度明显提高 ,并且重建图像的主观视觉质量也优于JPEG。     

基于遗传小波神经网络的机器人腕力传感器动态建模研究

提出一种基于改进遗传算法进化小波神经网络用于机器人腕力传感器动态建模的新方法,介绍了该算法原理.该方法利用腕力传感器的动态标定数据,用改进的遗传算法来优化小波神经网络结构和参数,建立腕力传感器的动态模型.结果表明,采用遗传小波神经网络进行腕力传感器动态建模,能克服误差反向传播算法存在易陷入局部极小点的缺点,网络的复杂度、收敛性和泛化能力得到了好的综合,建模的速度和精度得到提高. 关键词： 腕力传感器 动态建模 小波神经网络 遗传算法