维生素K3的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

首次报道了维生素K3 (VK3 )分子的常规拉曼光谱 (NRS)及该分子在活性衬底银镜上的表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS) ,并对它的拉曼特征谱带进行了初步的指认和归属。通过对比VK3 的常规拉曼光谱和SERS谱 ,发现VK3 分子吸附在银表面后拉曼散射强度被大大增强了。另外 ,VK3 的羰基与银粒子发生电荷转移后形成负离子自由基 ,碳氧双键打开。受VK3 分子吸附在银镜表面的影响 ,萘环结构发生了很大的扰动 ,导致一些拉曼特征峰产生位移 ,环变形振动对应的拉曼散射强度得到了增强。这些研究结果为SERS技术今后对VK3进行药物检测以及痕量分析方面的应用提供了依据。     

硫唑嘌呤在银电极表面吸附的SERS光谱表征

本文借助于表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)技术, 对硫唑嘌呤(AZA)分子在银表面的吸附行为及其变化特征进行了研究。研究结果表明, AZA 分子在银表面的吸附位点是嘌呤环上3位的氮原子。进一步研究发现, 其吸附取向随着溶液pH 的改变而发生变化。这一转变过程通过 AZA 分子的 SERS 特征谱峰的强度有规律的显著变化而得以表征。     

银胶体系中皮考酸的原位变温表面增强拉曼散射研究

研究了温度对皮考酸(2-吡啶羧酸)分子在银胶体系中表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)谱的影响。变温范围在22℃～80℃时,皮考酸吸附在银纳米颗粒表面的SERS谱是可逆的,说明银胶体系在此温度范围内是一种稳定的SERS活性基底。银胶与皮考酸的混合液在持续加热的过程中,SERS谱的整体强度增强,但各谱峰的相对强度变化不大,分析认为在22℃～80℃范围内,皮考酸分子在银纳米颗粒表面的吸附方式基本不变,一直以羧基和N原子上的孤对电子共同作用侧立吸附在银纳米颗粒表面,文中还解释了SERS强度整体增强的原因。     

小牛胸腺DNA分子Langmuir-Blodgett复合膜的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

本文利用Langmuir-Blodgett(LB)技术将小牛胸腺DNA分子沉积在银基底上,测试并讨论了它的π-A等温曲线,原子力图及表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。通过利用LB技术,获得了DNA分子的LB复合膜的高质量的SERS。在DNA分子LB膜的表面增强拉曼光谱中,DNA的核糖和碱基腺嘌呤是吸附活性部位,它们的振动光谱得到增强。DNA的其它碱基和磷酸基团的拉曼光谱强度也明显的得到增强。分析认为DNA分子增强的拉曼光谱主要是由于LB膜的有序结构的贡献,使得SERS效应得到进一步的增强。因此利用LB技术是得到DNA的高质量SERS很好的方法。     

腺嘌呤吸附在银胶上的SERS研究

研究了腺嘌呤水溶液吸附在银胶上的表面增强喇曼散射(SERS)。除在SERS谱和普通喇曼谱不是很大差异外,观察到腺嘌呤的SERS谱与在银胶中腺嘌呤的体浓度有关。在改变腺嘌呤体浓度时,腺嘌呤环呼振动模的峰值有位移和相对峰值强度改变,把它们诠释为腺嘌另在银面上的取向有关。     

小檗碱在TLC原位的FT-SERS研究

应用表面增强技术将薄层色谱与近红外傅里叶变换拉曼光谱联用，获得了中成药三黄片中主要有效成分小檗碱在薄层原位的傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼光谱（FT－SERS）。研究表明，在薄层原位约2.5μm样品的FT－SERS与纯固体样品的FT－Raman光谱的主要特征峰波数基本一致，相对强度有一定变化，出现特别增强的拉曼峰是波数为727nm的芳香环上CH键面内变形振动峰。小檗碱分子以异喹啉环共轭体系的π电子与表面增强活性物质银晶体微粒相互作用，呈平面吸附样式。获得了中成药三黄片中主要有效成分小檗碱分离与高灵敏度指纹检测的可靠的新方法。     

非水体系中C60在银电极上的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

采用表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）技术研究了乙腈溶液中C60的悬液在银电极表面的光谱特征,得到了银电极表面C60团簇和表面吸附C60分子的光谱信息。结果表明,随着所加电势的改变,C60的SERS谱峰强度和位移皆有所变化。而且由于基底表面电磁场的改变直接影响着C60的分子结构,导致电势正扫和回扫时的还原电位和氧化电位之间出现400mV的滞后现象;由于扬-特勒变形的存在使C60分子的对称性降低,而导致其SERS谱图发生了变化。     

AMP和DNA的银溶胶增强拉曼光谱

本文报道了生物分子5‘-腺苷磷酸（AMP）和脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）在银溶胶中的增强拉曼光谱。实验结果表明用银溶胶增加方法可以得到在较低浓度下、几乎不受光干扰的增强拉曼光谱。与固体AMP和DNA拉曼光谱进行比较,发现谱峰有很好的一致性,但也存在差异,如对应于固体AMP中715cm^-1处的腺嘌呤的呼吸振动峰加强,并位移到723cm^-1处,813cm^-1处的磷酸酯的对称伸缩振动峰消失了;在DNA中核糖环的振动峰明显加强,A,T,C,G四种碱基的峰也得到了不同程度的增强。通过对实验结果的分析,推测了AMP和DNA在银溶胶界面的吸附状态和分子结构。     

溶液酸碱性对腺嘌呤分子吸附构型影响的SERS光谱研究

核酸碱基是构成核酸的基本单元,有关核酸碱基结构的研究是核酸研究工作的重要基础。本研究借助于表面增强拉曼散射技术,对不同pH值条件下腺嘌呤分子在金表面的吸附构型及其变化特征进行了研究。研究结果表明,随着溶液酸性的增强、腺嘌呤分子质子化程度的增大,腺嘌呤分子在金表面的吸附态倾向于由通过氨基和嘌呤环上7位的氮原子作为结合点的直立吸附转变为分子平躺的吸附形式。这一转变过程通过腺嘌呤的环呼吸全对称伸缩振动的特征谱峰其强度有规律的显著变化而得以表征。有关这一谱峰的增强作用可以通过表面增强拉曼散射的电荷传递(CT)机理来加以说明。     

基于L-Cys@Ag分析吲哚美辛的表面增强拉曼光谱

联合紫外、拉曼光谱及其在L-半胱氨酸/银传感器(L-Cys@Ag)的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱表征吲哚美辛, 并与固体吲哚美辛的常规拉曼光谱(NRS)进行对比, 发现L-Cys@Ag对吲哚美辛有明显拉曼信号放大, 但其特征峰几乎不产生位移。研究不同酸碱环境下, L-Cys@Ag的吸附模型, 分析吲哚美辛在L-Cys@Ag上的拉曼光谱和SERS光谱, 归属拉曼特征峰。结果显示, L-半胱氨酸与银主要以Ag-S键的方式形成稳定吸附, 但是中性和碱性条件时-COO-也会吸附到银表面。结果表明: 半胱氨酸中的氨基与吲哚美辛中的羧基氧、苯环中的π电子发生吸附, 整体能量下降, 使结构更加稳定。加入牛血清白蛋白(BSA)后, pH为5时, SERS强度明显减弱。在pH为7和9时, N-H伸缩振动和酰胺Ⅱ振动明显增强, 吲哚美辛的苯环和吲哚环的特征峰振动消失。其原因是吲哚美辛的苯环和吲哚环进攻BSA后, 吲哚美辛特征振动消失, 但是吲哚美辛中的氮, 羰基与BSA中氨基吸附, 使得C-N和-COO-的SERS信号稳定。这为将来吲哚美辛以及相关非淄体消炎药的改良和新药的研究提供了可靠的鉴别和分析方法。     

温度对氨基苯甲酸在粗糙银表面上行为的影响

本文同时测定了当温度从－１９０℃上升到３０℃和从３０℃下降到－１９０℃对氨基苯甲酸（ｐ－Ａｍｉｎｏｂｅｎｚｏｉｃ Ａｃｉｄ，ＰＡＢＡ）和邻氨基苯甲酸（ｏ－Ａｍｉｎｄｂｅｎｚｏｉｎ Ａｃｉｄ，ＯＡＢＡ）在粗糙的银表面上的表面增强拉曼光谱的变化。结果表明，若吸附质表面拉曼光谱的增强主要表现为化学机理，且整个分子平躺在表面，则分子在表面上的取向不会随温度的变化而改变。而温度的变化会引起基于电磁场增强机理     

Application of calixarene to high active surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates suitable for in situ detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater

The characteristics of the sol–gel matrix embedding Ag nanoparticles functionalized with 25,27‐dimercaptoacetic acid‐26,28‐dihydroxy‐4‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene (DMCX) suitable for the in situ detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater is presented. The DMCX‐functionalized silver nanoparticles were produced by the thermal reduction method in xerogel film. The silver colloid blocks were formed in the sol–gel matrix, with a diameter ranging from 50 to 120 nm. DMCX forming the monolayer on the silver nanoparticle surface contributes to the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity due to the aggregation of silver nanoparticles and the preconcentration of PAH molecules within the zone of electromagnetic enhancement. When selected, PAH molecules e.g. pyrene and naphthalene were adsorbed onto the SERS substrate; Raman band positions of PAH were slightly shifted. A calibration procedure reveals that this type of SERS substrate has a limit of detection of 3 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol/l for pyrene and 13 × 10⁻⁹ mol/l for naphthalene in artificial seawater. The Raman signal response on a pyrene concentration change in artificial seawater was evaluated using a 671‐nm Raman setup with a flow‐through cell. This type of SERS substrate will be suitable for the in situ trace detection of pollutant chemicals in seawater. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒包涵体在银胶中的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

本文讨论了菜粉蝶(preris rtpae)颗粒体病毒(简称 PrGV )包涵体在银胶中的表面增强拉曼光谱。PrGV 包涵体的 SERS 谱与其 RS 谱之间存在一定对应关系。PrGV 包涵体蛋白分子通过羧基和氨基基团吸附于银粒子表面,并构成阴离子形式(NU_2RCOO~-)存在于溶液中。PrGV 在银胶中的表面增强的增强机制属于短程作用。PrGV 包涵体与银胶表面的吸附主要是化学吸附。     

银颗粒表面尿嘧啶分子的SERS实验研究——KCl对尿嘧啶分子吸附状态的影响

利用表面增强喇曼散射(SERS)在灰银胶体系中研究了KCl对尿嘧啶分子吸附状态的影响,并将实验结果与Oh等人在黄银胶体系中的实验结果进行了详细比较.对这一实验现象进行了定性解释.     

pH‐dependent surface‐enhanced Raman scattering of aromatic molecules on graphene oxide

Graphene has become an ideal substrate for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to study the chemical enhancement mechanism. In comparison with mechanically exfoliated graphene, graphene oxide (GO) has been found to be a better substrate due to its highly negatively charged oxygen functional groups. In this work, the pH‐dependent SERS effect of aromatic molecules on GO are investigated. The results demonstrate that the Raman enhancement of dyes deposited on GO performs differently over a wide range of pH values (2 to 10). Adsorption experiments show that the pH‐dependent SERS effect is closely related to the adsorption of aromatic molecules on GO, which is dominated by the electrostatic interaction. Thus, the influence of pH in GO‐mediated SERS should be carefully considered, especially in its biomedical application. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An improved self‐assembly gold colloid film as surface‐enhanced Raman substrate for detection of trace‐level polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous solution

To detect trace‐level polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, some investigations of an improved self‐assembly method are carried out using gold colloid films for the preparation of the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)‐active substrate. Extinction spectra and scanning electron microscopy images reveal that controllable surface plasmonic metal substrates can be obtained by increasing the temperature of (3‐aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane solution up to 64.5 °C. The SERS‐active substrates have a high enhancement factor, and they can be both easily prepared and reproducible. With the use of these substrates, different concentrations of pyrene and anthracene in aqueous solutions were detected by SERS. A further enhancement can be supported by shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy. Raman signals of pyrene and anthracene adsorbed on gold colloid substrates up to limits of detection at 5 and 1 nmol/l, respectively, can be obtained. The quantitative analysis shows the possibility of in situ detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons while such gold colloid film serves as a SERS‐active substrate. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adsorption of 1,2,4‐triazole on a silver electrode: surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory studies

The pH‐dependent surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of 1,2,4‐triazole adsorbed on silver electrode and normal Raman (NR) spectra of this compound in the aqueous solutions were investigated. The observed bands in the NR and SERS spectra were assigned with the help of density functional theory calculations for model molecules in the neutral, anionic, and cationic forms and their complexes with silver. The Raman wavenumbers and intensities were computed at the optimized molecular geometry. Vibrational assignments of the SERS and NR spectra are provided by calculated potential energy distributions. The combination of experimental SERS results and density functional theory calculations provide an insight into the molecular structure of adlayers formed by 1,2,4‐triazole on a silver surface at varying pH values and enable the determination of molecular orientation with respect to the surface. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Detection of explosive vapour using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

A commercially available nano-structured gold substrate was used for activating surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Raman spectra of the vapour of explosive material, triacetonetriperoxide (TATP), at trace concentrations produced from adsorbed molecules on such surfaces have been studied. Prominent Raman lines of the explosive molecular species were recorded at a sample temperature of ∼35°C, which is near to human body temperature. For this study, the concentration of the adsorbed TATP molecules on the nano-structured surface was varied by heating the sample to different temperatures and exposing the substrate to the sample vapour for different lengths of time. The intensities of the Raman lines have been found to increase with the increase in temperature and also with the increase in the duration of exposure for a fixed temperature. However, as expected, the Raman intensities have been found to saturate at higher temperatures and longer exposures. These saturation effects of the strengths of the Raman lines in the SERS of TATP vapour have been investigated in this paper. The results indicate that the optimisation for vapour deposition on the surface could be a crucial factor for any quantitative estimate of the concentration of the molecular species adsorbed on the nano-structured substrates.     

Potential‐induced Raman behavior of individual (R)‐di‐2‐naphthylprolinol molecules on a Ag‐modified Ag electrode

The applicability of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy is demonstrated to probe the adsorption behavior of individual molecules on a Ag electrode. High‐quality SERS spectra of (R)‐di‐2‐naphthylprolinol (DNP) were obtained from ultradilute solutions (10⁻¹² M ) on the Ag‐nanoparticle‐modified Ag electrode, which is attributed to the high electromagnetic (EM) effect of the SERS‐active system as well as to the strong adsorption and interaction of DNP molecules with Ag. The stable SERS spectra present remarkable potential dependence, which gives evidence for the behavior of individual DNP molecules on the Ag surface. Based on statistical analysis for the probability of DNP molecules located in ‘hot spots’, we propose an SERS mechanism for individual molecules in the electrode system, in combination with the hot‐spot model and orientation of the probe molecules. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.