离子排斥色谱法测定化妆品中硼酸

化妆品试样经水提取,采用离子排斥色谱法测定化妆品中硼酸的含量。以IonPac ICEBorate(250mm×9mm,7.5μm)排斥色谱柱为离子交换柱,以3mmol·L~(-1)甲烷磺酸(MSA)-60mmol·L~(-1)甘露醇混合溶液为淋洗液,采用非抑制电导器检测。硼酸在0.12～20.0mg·L~(-1)范围内呈线性范围,方法的检出限(3s)为0.85mg·kg~(-1)。方法用于化妆品试样中硼酸的测定,平均加标回收率在93.2%～103.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.4%～5.9%之间。     

超声辅助分散液液微萃取-柱切换离子色谱法测定食用油中胆碱的含量

移取食用油样品5.00mL,加入3mol·L~(-1) HCl溶液100μL,在60℃下进行水解反应100min,将水解后的样品溶液在80℃水浴中进行超声辅助分散液液微萃取6min,乳浊液形成后以10 000转·min~(-1)转速离心10min,弃去上层油相,吸取下层水相,用0.45μm滤膜过滤,然后进行柱切换离子色谱分析,以Dionex IonPac CS12A阳离子交换色谱柱(250mm×4mm)及Dionex IonPac CG12A阳离子保护柱(50mm×4mm)为分离柱,以12mmol·L~(-1)甲烷磺酸溶液作为淋洗液,抑制型电导检测器检测。大豆油、花生油和亚麻籽油中胆碱的质量浓度均在0.02～2.50mg·L~(-1)内与对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在1.58～1.99μg·L~(-1)之间。方法用于测定大豆油、花生油和亚麻籽油中的胆碱,测定值的日内和日间相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于7.0%,加标回收率在72.0%～98.0%之间。     

离子色谱法测定皂粒中葡萄糖酸钠含量

建立了离子色谱检测皂粒中葡萄糖酸钠含量的分析方法。样品经METROSEP CARB 1糖分析色谱柱(150 mm×4.0 mm,5μm)分离,以150 mmol·L~(-1) NaOH+20 mmol·L~(-1)NaAc水溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min~(-1),采用瑞士万通850型离子色谱仪,选择脉冲安培检测器进行测定,外标法定量。结果显示:葡萄糖酸钠在0.5～200 mg·L~(-1)质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性,相关系数(r~2)为0.999 6,检出限为0.25 mg·L~(-1),定量下限为0.63 mg·L~(-1)。葡萄糖酸钠在1～20 mg/g加标范围内的回收率为80.7%～104%。该方法无需衍生化处理,操作简单方便,灵敏度高,可用于皂粒产线葡萄糖酸钠含量的监控与测定。     

金纳米簇荧光探针对肉桂酸测定研究

以HAuCl_4·4H_2O为原料,2-巯基苯并噻唑为稳定剂,葡萄糖为还原剂,在微波功率195 W下反应2.0 min制备了水溶性金纳米簇。肉桂酸(TCA)通过氢键作用使金纳米簇(AuNDs)团聚,荧光强度降低,据此建立了金纳米簇作为探针检测肉桂酸方法。测定肉桂酸的最佳测量条件为:pH=6.0乙酸缓冲溶液、室温下反应50min,肉桂酸浓度在2.0×10~(-7) mol·L~(-1)～7.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)与荧光呈良好的线性关系,方法检出限9.0×10~(-8 )mol·L~(-1),用于实际样品测定回收率102.6%～98.3%。     

在线镉柱还原-连续流动注射法测定地表水和海水中硝酸盐氮

硝酸盐氮经镉柱还原为亚硝酸盐氮,亚硝酸盐氮在中性条件下与酸性显色剂(磺胺-盐酸萘乙二胺)反应生成玫红色的重氮-偶合物,在波长550nm处测量其吸光度,其吸光度与硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度的和在3.00mg·L~(-1)以内呈线性关系。据此原理采用连续流动注射法测定地表水和海水中硝酸盐氮的含量,每小时可测定60个样品。选用pH 7.50±0.05的0.075mol·L~(-1)咪唑缓冲溶液作为缓冲剂,所用镉柱为由粒径0.3～0.8mm的镉粒填装的有效长度为10cm的镉圈,使用前须按如下顺序激活(于2mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液中1min,放入0.005mol·L~(-1)硫酸铜激活溶液中2 min,再放入2 mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液中5 min)。方法的检出限(3s)为0.000 1mg·L~(-1),方法用于两种标准物质的分析,测定值与认定值相符。方法用于水样的分析,并进行加标回收试验,测得回收率在99.0%～102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于2.5%。     

中孔分子筛P1 23-SH分离富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定礼花弹中银

制备了中孔分子筛P123-SH,并对其用于吸附银离子的条件进行了探索。试验发现在温度为(20±1)℃,介质pH值为3.6时,振荡吸附10 min,吸附容量为15.97 mg·g~(-1),吸附率可达98.5%。吸附在中孔分子筛P123-SH上的银离子可用0.2 mol·L~(-1)盐酸-0.1 mol·L~(-1)硫脲溶液5 mL完全洗脱回收,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定洗脱液中痕量银的含量。银的质量浓度在0.008～0.24 mg·L~(-1)范围内与其吸光度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3σ)为0.64μg·L~(-1)。方法用于礼花弹样品中银含量的测定,加标回收率在97.5%～115.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=7)为2.4%。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定灵芝红茶中灵芝酸A和灵芝酸B

样品经40%(体积分数)甲醇溶液15.0mL超声提取20min。以Ultimate UPLC XBC18色谱柱(150mm×2.1mm,1.8μm)分离,用乙腈-水(45+55)溶液洗脱,采用负离子模式监测。以氯霉素为内标物。灵芝酸A、B的线性范围分别为0.051 3~0.513 mg·L~(-1)和0.020 8~0.125mg·L~(-1),方法的检出限(3S/N)分别为0.15,0.062mg·L~(-1)。方法用于灵芝红茶样品的分析,加标回收率在96.0%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=9)在1.1%~2.8%之间。     

离子色谱法测定瓶装水中阴离子

采用离子色谱法测定瓶装水中7种阴离子的含量。水样经Ion Pac AG14保护柱及IonPac AS14分离柱分离,以3.5mmol·L~(-1)碳酸钠-1.0mmol·L~(-1)碳酸氢钠溶液为淋洗液,采用抑制电导器检测。F~-和PO_4~(3-)分别在0.05～1.20mg·L~(-1)和0.80～3.00mg·L~(-1)范围内,Cl~-、NO_2~-、Br~-、NO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)均在0.20～4.80mg·L~(-1)范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在0.025～0.126mg·L~(-1)之间。方法用于瓶装水中7种阴离子的测定,加标回收率在92.8%～102.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=7)均小于4.0%。     

离子色谱法测定工作场所空气中六价铬含量

采用离子色谱法测定工作场所空气中六价铬的含量。采用碱性微孔滤膜采集工作场所空气样品,经4.0mmol·L~(-1)碳酸钠溶液超声洗脱后,选用Metrosep A Supp 4-250型阴离子色谱柱(250mm×4.0mm)进行色谱分离。以4.0mmol·L~(-1)碳酸钠-1.0mmol·L~(-1)碳酸氢钠混合液为流动相,抑制型电导检测器测定。六价铬的质量浓度在0.01~10.0mg·L~(-1)内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为4×10-3 mg·L~(-1)。加标回收率在95.2%~97.6%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.2%~3.8%之间。     

微波消解样品-原子荧光光谱法测定酸菜中砷

称取一定量已切碎、捣碎并混匀的酸菜样品用硝酸及过氧化氢先在90℃水浴中消解约20min,然后将溶液冷却,移入微波消解仪中消解。消解完毕后将溶液冷至室温,移入25mL容量瓶中,加入50g·L~(-1)硫脲-50g·L~(-1)抗坏血酸混合溶液5 mL,加水定容。在所选定的仪器条件下用14g·L~(-1)硼氢化钾溶液作还原剂生成砷的氢化物进行测定。砷的质量浓度在10.00μg·L~(-1)以内与相应的荧光强度值呈线性关系。方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.064μg·L~(-1),测得方法的回收率在89.0%～102.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.7%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.