高温水解-离子色谱法测定氮化硅中的氟和氯

采用高温水解-离子色谱法测定氮化硅中氟和氯的含量。氮化硅样品经1 050℃高温水解,氢氧化钠溶液吸收挥发性氟化物和氯化物,使待测元素以相应阴离子形式存在。以8.0mmol·L~(-1)碳酸钠-1.0mmol·L~(-1)碳酸氢钠混合液为淋洗液,抑制型电导检测器测定。F~-和Cl~-的线性范围依次为0.10~1.00mg·L~(-1),1.00~10.00mg·L~(-1),检出限(3σ)依次为0.017,0.026mg·L~(-1)。方法应用于氮化硅样品的分析,测定值与能量散射X射线荧光法测定结果相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)小于4.0%。用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率在84.5%~106%之间。     

极谱法测定环境水中四环素的含量

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)对四环素(TC)极谱峰的增敏作用为基础,提出了测定TC含量的极谱法。优化的试验条件如下:CTMAB-Na2HPO4-Na H2PO4缓冲溶液(p H 7.7)为底液,扫描速率0.7 V·s-1,起始电位-0.85 V,静止时间6 s,温度25~30℃。在上述试验条件下,TC的线性范围为0.02~1.0 mg·L~(-1),1.0~80mg·L~(-1),检出限(3s/k)为0.001 5 mg·L~(-1)。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于4.0%。在3个浓度水平上进行加标回收试验,测得回收率在92.0%~120%之间。     

自动快速燃烧炉-离子色谱法测定煤炭中氯

采用自动快速燃烧炉-离子色谱法测定煤炭中氯的含量。优化的试验条件如下:(1)燃烧管进口温度为950℃,出口温度为1 050℃;(2)称样量为10 mg;(3)以4.5 mmol·L~(-1)碳酸钠-1.4mmol·L~(-1)碳酸氢钠混合液为吸收液。以阴离子色谱柱为分离柱,4.5 mmol·L~(-1)碳酸钠-1.4mmol·L~(-1)碳酸氢钠混合液为淋洗液,抑制型电导检测器测定。以PO_4~(3-)作为内标物,氯的线性范围为0.5~20μg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.086mg·L~(-1)。方法应用于煤炭标准物质和实际样品的分析,测定值与认定值相符,测定值与国家标准方法的测定结果相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.4%~7.5%。     

线性扫描极谱法测定盐酸吡硫醇

用线性扫描极谱法研究盐酸吡硫醇的电化学行为,在pH 6.27的磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中,盐酸吡硫醇于-0.560V(vs·SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,其一次微分线性扫描峰电流与盐酸吡硫醇质量浓度在0.10～100.0 mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.07mg·L-1。对10.0mg·L-1盐酸吡硫醇溶液进行6次平行试验,相对标准偏差为0.82%,方法可用于片剂中盐酸吡硫醇含量的测定,所得结果与标示值相符。     

线性扫描极谱法测定盐酸二甲双胍

用线性扫描极谱法研究盐酸二甲双胍的电化学行为。在pH6.85的0.1mol·L-1磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中,盐酸二甲双胍于-1.165V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,其一次微分线性扫描峰电流与盐酸二甲双胍质量浓度在0.41～41.0mg·mL-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.28mg·mL-1。对41.0mg·mL-1盐酸二甲双胍溶液进行6次平行试验,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.72%。此方法已用于测定其片剂中盐酸二甲双胍的含量。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定大气颗粒物中的12种重金属元素含量

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定大气颗粒物中12种重金属元素的含量。用石英滤膜收集大气颗粒物中的12种重金属元素,分别采用电热板和微波消解法处理样膜。电热板消解时,12种重金属元素的检出限在0.001~0.07 mg·L~(-1)之间,测定下限在0.004~0.28mg·L~(-1)之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.78%~5.8%之间。微波消解时,12种重金属元素的检出限在0.001~0.05mg·L~(-1)之间,测定下限在0.004~0.20mg·L~(-1)之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.46%~4.5%之间。应用该方法分析了标准样品,所得测定值与认定值相符。     

离子色谱法测定碳酸锂中氯离子和硫酸根离子的含量

取碳酸锂样品0.500g,加适量水溶解,用水定容至100mL。分取试液10.00mL在不去除碳酸根基体的前提下直接进行离子色谱分析。采用阴离子交换柱Dionex IonPac AS11作为分离柱,用氢氧化钾淋洗液发生器产生的15mmol·L~(-1) KOH溶液为流动相,流量为1.0mL·min~(-1),柱温为30℃进行色谱分离和测定。氯离子和硫酸根离子的线性范围分别在16.0mg·L~(-1)和3.2mg·L~(-1)以内,检出限(3s/k)分别为0.004,0.01mg·L~(-1)。对同一个样品进行精密度试验,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于2.7%。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率在93.8%~106%之间。分析结果表明,样品测定结果与电化学法和在线去除基体离子色谱法的测定结果相符。     

线性扫描极谱法测定辛伐他汀

用线性扫描极谱法研究辛伐他汀的电化学行为。在pH 6.88的0.12mol·L-1磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中,辛伐他汀于-1.188V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,其一次微分线性扫描峰电流与辛伐他汀质量浓度在0.01～5.0mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为7.0μg·L-1。对5.0mg·L-1辛伐他汀溶液进行6次平行试验,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.53%,方法可用于测定其片剂中辛伐他汀含量。     

Co(Ⅱ)-色氨酸络合吸附波的研究

用线性扫描吸附伏安法研究了Co(Ⅱ)与色氨酸络合物在悬汞电极上的伏安特性及机理,发现电极反应为吸附在电极表面的Co(Ⅱ)L_2的不可逆还原。在0.05ml·L~(-1)氨—氯化铵介质中,络合物导数峰电流与钻浓度在1.0×10~(-8)～1.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)范围内呈线性,检出下限5.0×10~(-9)mol·L~(-1)。并将此法用于生物样品中钴的测定。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定镍精矿中Ga、Ge、Se、Cd、In、Te、La和Tl

样品经硝酸-盐酸-氢氟酸-过氧化氢(3+1+1+1)混合液微波消解后,加入硝酸(1+1)溶液溶解盐类,定容后供电感耦合等离子体质谱分析。以~(103)Rh和~(232)Th为内标,采用校正方程消除质谱干扰。Se的线性范围为0.500~500.0μg·L~(-1),其他7种元素的线性范围均为0.050~100.0μg·L~(-1),8种元素的检出限(3s)在0.01~0.8 mg·kg~(-1)之间。加标回收率在90.9%~113%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=4)在0.90%~7.7%之间。方法用于测定镍精矿标准物质中Cd,测定值与认定值相符。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.