巯基棉同时吸附金钯铂的研究及应用

本文研究了有碘化物存在下巯基棉对全、钯、铂、铑、铱、铁、铜和镍的吸附行为。金和钯定量吸附的条件分别0.1—0.2和0.1—8mol/L盐酸溶液中,铂定量吸附是在0.5—8mol/L盐酸溶液中并煮沸3分钟。金、钯和铂同时吸附的条件是有碘化物存在下,在0.5—1.2mol/L盐酸溶液中并煮沸3分钟。讨论了吸附机理。本法用于冶金物料中金、钯和铂的富集获满意结果。     

一种回收贵金属的新型树脂研制成功

最近,一种由各种金属混合液中回收金、铂、钯等贵重金属的螯形树脂研制成功。这种螯形树脂可用于铜冶炼工程中银和钯的回收,以及电解液和王水中金、铂和钯的回收,效果良好。该树脂与原来吸附贵金属用的阴离     

火试金减杂-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）法测定高冰镍中的金、银、铂、钯

建立了火试金减杂-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定高冰镍中金、银、铂、钯含量的分析方法。实验采用火试金富集、熔融、灰吹得到合粒,通过减杂法得到银含量,用ICP-AES法测定得到金、铂、钯含量。金、银、铂、钯的加标回收率在99.5%～102%,相对标准偏差小于3%。方法快速、简捷,准确度高、精密度好,能够满足高冰镍的测定需求。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）法测定高镍铜液体样品中金、钯、铂

为实现中控液体物料中金、钯、铂元素的精准定量分析,为工艺生产定向富集和高效提取提供数据支持,本文建立了ICP—AES法测定中控冶炼系统中高镍铜液体样品中金、铂和钯3种元素含量的测定方法。确定了试液用碲共沉淀,贵金属进入滤渣,经火试金分离富集得到贵金属合粒,合粒经王水溶解后,于王水介质中在电感耦合等离子光谱仪上同时测定金钯铂的量。该方法金、铂、钯的测定范围为 0.014mg/L～5mg/L,回收率为92.2%～104.4%, RSD为3.21%～10.58%,方法满足高镍、铜液体样品中金、钯、铂元素的测定。     

泡沫塑料对贵金属-碘化亚锡-络合物的吸附分离行为研究

本文通过泡沫塑料对贵金属-碘化亚锡络合体系富集分离的条件、性能和机理的研究,建立了一种泡沫塑料同时富集分离微量铂、钯、锗、铱、金的新体系.实验结果表明,在1.0mol/L HCl、0.6mol/L KI和0.01mol/L SnCl_2的溶液中,振荡吸附30min.各元素分配系数均在10~5以上,吸附容量(mmol/g)分别为:铂0.25、钯0.24、铑0.12、铱0.10、金0.52,回收率分别为:铂99.2％、钯98.6％、铑97.8％、铱98.0％、金97.8％.试样中贵金属采用ICP-AES、FAAS测定,该方法用于砂铂矿、废催化剂、铜阳极泥等物料中铂、钯、铑、铱、金的测定,测定结果与其它方法对照相符。本文还进行了吸附动力学研究和富集物的红外光谱分析。     

巯基棉富集后金和钯的选择分离

在元素分离中,由于巯基棉具有富集倍数大、富集速度快、选择性高、易于制备等优点,已被广泛应用于环境试样中一些重金属离子的富集和分离。文献将巯基棉用于贵金属的富集,成功地分离了某些冶金物料中的金和钯。我们也用巯基棉富集了含量在xx克/吨以上冶金物料中的金、钯和铂。被巯基棉吸附的金和钯难于洗脱,文献推荐用氢氧化钠溶液同时洗脱金和钯,文献则直接将巯基棉溶于王水以解脱金、钯和铂。本实验发现,氢碘酸-盐酸溶液可定量洗脱被巯基棉吸附的金,此时钯定量保留在巯基棉上,然后再用溴酸钠-盐酸溶液洗脱钯。研究了洗脱条件并初步探讨了吸附机理。用本法分离     

火试金减杂-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）法测定高冰镍的金、银、铂、钯含量

建立了火试金减杂-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定高冰镍中金、银、铂、钯含量的分析方法。实验采用火试金富集、熔融、灰吹得到合粒,通过减杂法得到银含量,通过ICP-AES法测定得到金、铂、钯含量。金、银、铂、钯的加标回收率在99.53%-101.83%之间,相对标准偏差小于3%。此方法快速、简洁,准确度高、精密度好,能够满足高冰镍的测定需求。     

聚氨酯泡沫塑料富集-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量铂和钯

以聚氨酯泡沫塑料为吸附剂于静态操作条件下,对痕量铂和钯的选择性吸附分离的方法进行了研究。试验表明,泡塑在3.6～4.8mol·L-1HCl溶液与40g·L-1SnCl2溶液构成的吸附介质中,对铂、钯的吸附性能很好,饱和吸附容量为12.90～19.24mg·g-1,钯平均吸附率为95.81%,铂平均吸附率为98.35%,吸附到泡塑中的铂、钯可用灰化法回收,富集倍数可达100倍。结合电感耦合等离子体质谱法,可用于地质样品中痕量铂、钯的富集分离和测定。方法经标准样品分析验证,铂、钯的测定结果与推荐值吻合,标样及样品分析的RSD≤6.5%(n=12)。     

改性活性炭热反应安全性研究

针对活性炭吸附VOCs过程的安全性问题进行了研究,采用咪唑-脯氨酸离子液体对活性炭进行改性,优化吸附性能。以典型的甲苯气体为例,讨论了改性前后活性炭结构的变化对甲苯吸附性能的影响,并探索了改性前后活性炭的热反应安全性。研究结果表明:咪唑-脯氨酸改性活性炭表面的孔隙数量增多、孔径变大、含氧官能团增加、比表面积和体积增大。改性活性炭对甲苯的吸附量78 mg·g~(-1)是改性前活性炭吸附量36.03 mg·g~(-1)的2.17倍,吸附能力明显提升;粒径为51μm和111μm的两种改性活性炭的自燃温度比未改性活性炭的自燃温度分别提高了22.4℃和19.4℃且到达自燃温度所需时间分别延长了11.17 h和0.75 h。改性活性炭所需活化能为47.32kJ·moL~(-1),热稳定性优于未改性活性炭。     

螯合树脂研究——ⅩⅥ.以壳聚糖为母体的含硫、氮螯合树脂的合成及其吸附性能

壳聚糖与环硫氯丙烷反应合成了一系列含S和N的交联型螫合树脂。这类树脂对贵金属离子如:金、银、钯、铂等具有优良的吸附性能。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.