局域表面等离激元

局域表面等离激元使得贵金属纳米颗粒具有丰富的光学性质,其应用涵盖能源、生物医学、安全、信息、超材料等诸多领域。文章简要介绍局域表面等离激元的基本性质、贵金属纳米结构中的局域表面等离激元共振耦合以及具有局域表面等离激元特性的贵金属纳米结构的一些重要应用。     

局域表面等离激元

局域表面等离激元使得贵金属纳米颗粒具有丰富的光学性质,其应用涵盖能源、生物医学、安全、信息、超材料等诸多领域。文章简要介绍局域表面等离激元的基本性质、贵金属纳米结构中的局域表面等离激元共振耦合以及具有局域表面等离激元特性的贵金属纳米结构的一些重要应用。     

表面等离激元增强型光电探测器研究进展

光电探测器可以实现光信号到电信号的转换,在工业、军事、医疗等领域已展现出巨大的应用价值。但是,传统的平直型光电探测器捕获线光的能力较弱,一定程度上限制了响应率等性能指标的进一步提高。而基于贵金属纳米结构的表面等离激元共振可以急剧增强近场区域的(纳米尺度)电场强度和对线光的捕获能力,大幅度地提高光电探测器性能。本文首先介绍了表面等离激元的基本原理。随后,详细介绍了金属纳米颗粒、金属光栅等不同结构的表面等离激元增强型光电探测器研究进展。最后,总结全文并针对表面等离激元增强型光电探测器的发展前景做出了展望。     

表面等离激元与磁表面等离激元

金属微纳结构体系中的表面等离激元以及磁表面等离激元因其独特的光学特性吸引了研究者们的极大兴趣,成为当前的热点研究领域之一.文章对表面等离激元尤其是磁表面等离激元的特点、基本现象、新颖效应及其应用研究前景的最新发展进行了介绍.     

电子束诱导的纳米颗粒表面等离激元激发模拟

本文基于离散偶极子近似方法,发展出了一套计算任意纳米结构材料的电子能量损失谱的方法和程序. 模拟了在单个银纳米颗粒附近不同入射位置下的电子能量损失谱,其计算结果与实验能谱非常吻合. 虽然离散偶极子近似法早在很多年前就已经被应用到处理外加光场激发的情形,但这套方法才真正提供了一个研究电子束诱导金属纳米颗粒局域表面等离激元激发的计算工具.     

径向偏振光束激发的金属纳米球-纳米圆盘间隙模式等离激元共振光谱特性研究

提出了一种可用于表面增强拉曼测量的基于金属纳米圆盘上方放置金属纳米球颗粒构成的金属纳米结构，其在径向偏振光束激发下，由于金属纳米圆盘的呼吸模式表面等离激元共振的作用，可以形成纵向电场有效增强的间隙模式等离激元共振。对此进行了有限元模拟计算研究，计算结果证明该间隙模式的纵向电场分量相对于径向偏振入射光的有效激发横向电场分量增强了100倍以上。为了更清晰地展现这种新型纳米结构的光谱特性以及表面电场分布特征，同时对单个金属纳米圆盘，单个金属纳米球，金属薄膜，金属纳米球-金属薄膜这几种纳米结构在同一个模拟计算框架下进行了计算以及比较分析。由于可以把金属纳米球类比为金属探针的尖端，所提出的新型间隙模式也有望在针尖型拉曼增强中得到应用。     

分子激发中的表面等离激元增强效应

金属纳米粒子的表面等离激元增强效应是纳米科学领域的一个研究热点.针对染料分子与金属纳米粒子的耦合系统,应用偶极-偶极近似计算分子与金属纳米粒子的库仑相互作用,并应用密度矩阵理论描述在不同极化方向的电场作用下的电荷输运过程,分析了分子与金属纳米粒子在不同相对位置下分子激发态的动力学过程,发现表面等离激元的增强效应与分子和金属钠米粒子的相对位置以及等离激元的耗散系数有密切关系,详细讨论了分子与金属纳米粒子间的耦合强度、外场的极化方向、等离激元的寿命及共振激发条件对分子激发态及表面等离激元增强的影响,分析了分子-金属纳米粒子耦合系统中表面等离激元增强效应的物理本质.     

基于石墨烯纳米带的齿形表面等离激元滤波器的研究

提出了一种基于石墨烯纳米带的齿形表面等离激元波导滤波器, 并且用时域有限差分法研究了这种结构. 单个齿形的滤波器可以实现带阻滤波, 其滤波特性可以用基于散射矩阵的解析模型解释. 滤波器的透射谱特性可以通过调节齿的长度、宽度以及石墨烯的化学势来改变. 由于石墨烯的化学势可以用门电路来调节, 这种结构的滤波器可以在器件加工完成后灵活地调节其工作波长. 同时研究了多齿滤波器, 这种结构可以实现宽带滤波, 文中对具有不同齿数、周期的滤波器的透射谱进行了细致的研究. 研究结果对实现基于石墨烯的大规模集成光电子器件提供了重要的理论参考.     

表面等离激元——机理、应用与展望

等离激元光子学(plasmonics)的研究内容是金属纳米结构独特的光学性质及其应用.随着纳米科技的进步,等离激元光子学已经迅速发展成为一门新兴学科,在生物、化学、能源、信息等领域具有重要的应用前景.文章主要介绍表面等离激元(surface plasmons,SPs)的一些基本物理性质,包括局域的表面等离激元(localized surface plas-mon,LSP)和传导的表面等离激元(propagating surface plasmon polariton,SPP),文章还介绍了表面等离激元的几个重要的应用方向,例如生物/化学传感器、表面等离激元激光、光开关器件以及表面等离激元光逻辑运算,等等.     

非对称银纳米双环表面等离激元光谱特性

贵金属纳米材料在入射光激发下能够产生表面等离激元,即金属表面自由电子产生集体振荡.当其振荡频率与入射光频率相同时,发生表面等离激元共振,形成一种特殊的电磁场模式和光谱特性.利用该电磁场模式和光谱特性,能够调节金属纳米材料的光谱学行为,例如通过改变金属纳米结构的大小、形状以及周围介质介电常数等参数,在微纳尺度上实现光谱学...     

Remote excitation and remote detection of a single quantum dot using propagating surface plasmons on silver nanowire

Using propagating surface plasmons(SPs) on a silver nanowire(NW), we demonstrate that a focused laser light at the end of the silver NW can excite a single quantum dot(QD) microns away from the excitation spot. The QD–NW interaction allows the excited QD convert part of its energy into propagating SPs, which then can be detected at remote sites.Simultaneous multi-QD remote excitation and remote detection can also be realized. Furthermore, the tight confinement of the propagating SPs around the NW surface enables the selective excitation of QDs very close in space, which cannot be realized under the conventional excitation condition. This remote excitation and remote detection approach may find applications in optical imaging and the sensing of chemical and biological systems.     

Exciting the optical response of nanowire metamaterial films on the tip of optical fibres

This Letter reports on the assembly on the tip of an optical fibre of a metamaterial film fabricated by a self‐assembly bottom‐up method, composed of silver nanowires embedded in an alumina matrix. By illuminating the film through the fibre in a reflection configuration, we observe experimentally the optical response of the metamaterial in agreement with theoretical predictions and interpreted as the excitation of surface plasmon‐polaritons in the cylindrical surface of the nanowires. These results pave the way for low‐cost optical fibre devices that incorporate metamaterial films.

     

Airy plasmons: non‐diffracting optical surface waves

Airy beams represent an important class of non‐diffracting waves which can be realized on a flat surface. Being generated in the form of surface‐plasmon polaritons, such Airy plasmons demonstrate many remarkable properties: they do not diffract while propagating along parabolic trajectories, and they recover their shape after passing through obstacles. This paper reviews the basic physics of Airy plasmons in both paraxial and non‐paraxial cases, and describes the experimental methods for generation of Airy surface waves on metal surfaces, including a control of their trajectories, as well as the interference of Airy plasmons and hot‐spot generation. Many unusual properties of Airy plasmons can be utilized for useful applications, including plasmonic circuitry and surface tweezers. Picture: Observation of two colliding Airy plasmons.     

Cherenkov terahertz radiation from Dirac semimetals surface plasmon polaritons excited by an electron beam

We demonstrate a physical mechanism for terahertz(THz) generation from surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs). In a structure with a bulk Dirac semimetals(BDSs) film deposited on a dielectric substrate, the energy of the asymmetric SPP mode can be significantly enhanced to cross the light line of the substrate due to the SPP-coupling between the interfaces of the film. Therefore, the SPPs can be immediately transformed into Cherenkov radiation without removing the wavevector mismatch. Additionally, the symmetric SPP mode can also be dramatically lifted to cross the substrate light line when a buffer layer with low permittivity relative to the substrate is introduced. In this case, dual-frequency THz radiation from the two SPP modes can be generated simultaneously. The radiation intensity is significantly enhanced by over two orders due to the field enhancement of the SPPs. The radiation frequency can be tuned in the THz frequency regime by adjusting the beam energy and the chemical potential of the BDSs. Our results could find potential applications in developing room temperature, tunable, coherent, and intense THz radiation sources to cover the entire THz band.     

微波频段表面等离子激元波导滤波器的实验研究

基于理论分析, 实验研究了二维磁单负材料/双正材料/磁单负材料表面等离子波导的滤波效应. 研究表明, 该波导结构具有低通滤波性质, 引入分支缺陷之后, 由于谐振效应该波导具有带阻滤波效应. 分支缺陷相当于亚波长谐振腔, 谐振腔的长度决定带阻滤波器的中心频率, 而中心频率几乎不受缺陷位置的影响; 滤波器透射率下降的幅度由耦合距离决定. 通过引入谐振腔及改变谐振腔的长度、数量以及耦合间距等参数, 可以实现可调节的表面等离子波导滤波器. 实验结果与理论分析符合得很好, 该性质将在可调的单通道或多通道带阻滤波器件中具有潜在的应用价值. 关键词： 表面等离子激元 特异材料波导 谐振腔 滤波器     

Theoretical study of photon emission from single quantum dot emitter coupled to surface plasmons

Motivated by the recent pioneering advances on nanoscale plasmonics and also nanophotonics technology based on the surface plasmons (SPs), in this work, we give a master equation model in the Lindblad form and investigate the quantum optical properties of single quantum dot (QD) emitter coupled to the SPs of a metallic nanowire. Our main results demonstrate the QD luminescence results of photon emission show three distinctive regimes depending on the distance between QD and metallic nanowire, which elucidates a crossover passing from being metallic dissipative for much smaller emitter-nanowire distances to surface plasmon (SP) emission for larger separations at the vicinity of plasmonic metallic nanowire. Besides, our results also indicate that, for both the resonant case and the detuning case, through measuring QD emitter luminescence spectra and second-order correlation functions, the information about the QD emitter coupling to the SPs of the dissipative metallic nanowire can be extracted. This theoretical study will serve as an introduction to understanding the nanoplasmonic imaging spectroscopy and pave a new way to realize the quantum information devices.     

银纳米线表面等离激元波导的能量损耗

金属纳米结构的表面等离激元可以突破光学衍射极限,为光子器件的微型化和集成光学芯片的实现奠定基础.基于表面等离激元的各种基本光学元件已经研制出来.然而,由于金属结构的固有欧姆损耗以及向衬底的辐射损耗等,表面等离激元的传输能量损耗较大,极大地制约了其在纳米光子器件和回路中的应用.研究能量损耗的影响因素以及如何有效降低能量损耗对未来光子器件的实际应用具有重要意义.本文从纳米线表面等离激元的基本模式出发,介绍了它在不同条件下的场分布和传输特性,在此基础上着重讨论纳米线表面等离激元传输损耗的影响因素和测量方法以及目前常用的降低传输损耗的思路.最后给出总结以及如何进一步降低能量损耗方法的展望.表面等离激元能量损耗的相关研究对于纳米光子器件的设计和集成光子回路的构建有着重要作用.     

Nanoscale guiding for cold atoms based on surface plasmons along the tips of metallic wedges

We propose a novel scheme to guide neutral cold atoms in a nanoscale region based on surface plasmons (SPs) of one pair and two pairs of tips of metallic wedges with locally enhanced light intensity and sub-optical wavelength resolution. We analyze the near-field intensity distribution of the tip of the metallic wedge by the FDTD method, and study the total intensity as well as the total potential of optical potentials and van der Waals potentials for 87 Rb atoms in the light field of one pair and two pairs of tips of metallic wedges. It shows that the total potentials of one pair and two pairs of tips of metallic wedges can generate a gravito-optical trap and a dark closed trap for nanoscale guiding of neutral cold atoms. Guided atoms can be cooled with efficient intensity-gradient Sisyphus cooling by blue-detuned light field. This provides an important step towards the generation of hybrid systems consisting of isolated atoms and solid devices.     

Comprehensive analysis of photonic nanojets in 3D dielectric cuboids excited by surface plasmons

In this paper we study the excitation of photonic nanojets (PNJ) in 3D dielectric cuboids by surface plasmons at telecommunication wavelengths. The analysis is done using the effective refractive index approach. It is shown that the refractive index contrast between the regions with and without cuboid should be roughly less than 2 in order to generate jets at the output of the cuboid. The best performance at λ₀ = 1550 nm is obtained when the height of the cuboid is 160 nm producing a jet just at the output interface with a subwavelength resolution of 0.68λ₀ and a high intensity enhancement (×5) at the focus. The multi‐wavelength response is also studied demonstrating that it is possible to use the proposed structure at different wavelengths. Finally, the backscattering enhancement is numerically evaluated by inserting a metal particle within the PNJ region, demonstrating a maximum value of ～2.44 dB for a gold sphere of radius 0.1λ₀.